Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l23061-l23195

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l23061-l23195

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l23061-l23195
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
  label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
    PREFACE; lines 23061-23195
  start: '23061'
  end: '23195'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage exhorts people to believe in an apostle who has come with truth
    from God; warns the People of the Book not to exceed bounds in religion or say
    “Three”; identifies Jesus son of Mary as God’s apostle, Word conveyed into Mary,
    and Spirit from God, while denying divine sonship. It states that the Messiah
    and nearby angels are servants of God, that God will gather all, reward believers
    and righteous actors, and chastise the proud. It describes a proof and clear light
    sent down, guidance along a straight way, and gives an inheritance ruling for
    childless kin. Translator notes discuss historical setting, marriage, inheritance,
    punishments, prayer practices, and comparisons with Rabbinic rules.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: An apostle is said to have come to people with truth from their Lord, and
    the audience is urged to believe.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The passage states that all in the heavens and the earth belongs to God, and
    calls God knowing and wise.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The People of the Book are warned not to overstep bounds in religion and to
    speak only truth concerning God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Jesus, son of Mary, is described as the Messiah, an apostle of God, God’s
    Word conveyed into Mary, and a Spirit proceeding from God.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The audience is told not to say “Three,” and the passage states that God is
    one and has no son.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: The Messiah and the angels near God are said not to disdain being servants
    of God.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Those who disdain God’s service and are proud are said to be gathered to God
    and punished with grievous chastisement.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: Those who believe and do right are said to receive recompense and increase
    from God’s bounty.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: A proof from the Lord and a clear light are said to have been sent down to
    people.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: Those who believe in God and hold fast to Him are said to enter God’s mercy
    and grace and be guided along a straight way to Him.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: A legal response is given concerning inheritance for a childless man with
    a sister, two sisters, or both brothers and sisters.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: A translator note compares some Koranic prayer precepts with Rabbinic precepts
    concerning standing prayer, shortened prayer in dangerous places, prayer forbidden
    to the drunken or polluted, and washings with water or sand.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The Lord who possesses the heavens and earth, is knowing and wise,
    is one, has no son, gathers people, rewards, chastises, protects, guides, instructs,
    and knows all things.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Unnamed apostle
  description: An apostle who has come to people with truth from their Lord.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: People of the Book
  description: The addressed group warned not to overstep bounds in religion and not
    to say “Three.”
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: The Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary
  description: Described as an apostle of God, God’s Word conveyed into Mary, a Spirit
    proceeding from God, and a servant of God.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Mary
  description: The woman into whom God’s Word is said to have been conveyed in the
    description of Jesus.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Angels near God
  description: Angels who are near God and do not disdain God’s service.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Believers and righteous actors
  description: Those who believe and do right, receive recompense, and are brought
    into mercy and grace.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Disdainful and proud people
  description: Those who disdain God’s service and are proud, and who receive grievous
    chastisement.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Distant kindred and siblings
  description: Relatives addressed in the inheritance ruling, including a childless
    deceased person, a sister, two sisters, brothers, and sisters.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine sovereign
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: All in the heavens and earth is said to belong to God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: judge and recompensor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God gathers people, rewards believers, and chastises the proud.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:3
  label: guide and giver of mercy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God causes believers to enter mercy and grace and guides them along a straight
    way.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: divine instructor and lawgiver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God instructs and teaches plainly concerning distant kindred and inheritance
    shares.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: truth-bearing messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The apostle is said to have come with truth from the Lord.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: admonished religious community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The People of the Book are directly admonished about religious bounds and
    speech about God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: apostle and Word-associated figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Jesus is called an apostle of God, God’s Word conveyed into Mary, and a Spirit
    from God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:8
  label: servant of God
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  basis: The Messiah and the nearby angels are said not to disdain being servants
    of God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:9
  label: recipient of conveyed divine Word
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The Word is said to have been conveyed into Mary.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:10
  label: rewarded faithful
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Believers and those who do right are promised recompense, increase, mercy,
    grace, and guidance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:11
  label: punished proud
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The disdainful and proud are said to receive grievous chastisement and lack
    protector or helper besides God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:12
  label: inheritance parties
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The inheritance ruling specifies shares for sisters and brothers in childless
    cases.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: clear light
  literal_form: A “clear light” sent down to people.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:2
  label: straight way
  literal_form: A straight way along which God guides believers to Himself.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:3
  label: Three
  literal_form: The formula “Three,” rejected in the admonition to the People of the
    Book.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: inheritance portions
  literal_form: Half, two-thirds, and a male share equal to two female shares in the
    sibling inheritance ruling.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Exhortation to believe the apostle
  summary: People are told that an apostle has come with truth from their Lord and
    that belief is better for them; God’s ownership, knowledge, and wisdom are affirmed.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Admonition concerning Jesus and divine oneness
  summary: The People of the Book are warned not to exceed religious bounds; Jesus
    is described as God’s apostle, Word, and Spirit, while the idea of “Three” and
    divine sonship is rejected.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Servanthood, gathering, reward, and chastisement
  summary: The Messiah and nearby angels do not disdain God’s service; the proud are
    gathered and chastised, while believers and righteous actors receive recompense
    and bounty.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Proof, clear light, and guidance
  summary: A proof and clear light are said to be sent down; believers who hold fast
    to God are brought into mercy and guided along a straight way to Him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Inheritance instruction for distant kindred
  summary: God instructs concerning inheritance shares when a person dies childless
    and has a sister, two sisters, or both brothers and sisters.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Translator’s comparison of prayer practices
  summary: A note compares Koranic prayer rules with Rabbinic rules about posture,
    danger, intoxication, pollution, and washing.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine judgment with reward and punishment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: God gathers all, recompenses believers and righteous actors, and chastises
    the disdainful and proud.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes judgment and recompense but does not describe a
    full eschatological scene in detail.
- id: motif:2
  label: Divine guidance by light and straight path
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: A clear light is sent down, and those who believe and hold fast to God are
    guided along a straight way to Him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy link to wisdom is broad; the passage’s literal imagery is
    light and path rather than a named wisdom figure.
- id: motif:3
  label: Divine instruction preventing error
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: God is said to teach plainly concerning inheritance so that people do not
    err, and God is called knowing and wise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is primarily legal and didactic rather than mythic narrative.
- id: motif:4
  label: Polemic denial of divine sonship
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: The passage identifies Jesus as God’s apostle and servant while denying that
    God has a son.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy term is applicable only as a negated or polemical
    divine parent-child theme, not as an affirmed divine parent-child relationship.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The translator’s note compares some Koranic prayer precepts to Rabbinic prayer
    rules, including standing prayer, shortened prayer in danger, restrictions for
    drunkenness or pollution, and preparatory washings.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Rabbinic prayer precepts cited in Mischna Berachoth and related tractates
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: This comparison comes from the translator’s annotation, not from the
    Quranic verses in the passage itself; the excerpt provides cited parallels but
    not an independent historical demonstration.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 23061-23064
  quote_or_summary: An apostle has come with truth from the Lord; belief is urged;
    all in heavens and earth belongs to God, who is knowing and wise.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 23066-23074
  quote_or_summary: The People of the Book are warned not to overstep; Jesus son of
    Mary is described as Messiah, apostle, Word conveyed into Mary, and Spirit from
    God; “Three” and divine sonship are rejected; God is one and owns heavens and
    earth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 23076-23077
  quote_or_summary: The Messiah and the angels near God are said not to disdain being
    servants of God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 23079-23087
  quote_or_summary: Those who disdain God’s service and are proud are gathered to
    God and chastised; believers and righteous actors receive recompense and bounty;
    no protector or helper is found besides God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 23089-23093
  quote_or_summary: A proof and clear light have been sent down; believers who hold
    fast to God enter mercy and grace and are guided along a straight way to God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 23095-23102
  quote_or_summary: 'God instructs concerning distant kindred: inheritance shares
    are specified for a childless deceased person’s sister, two sisters, and mixed
    brothers and sisters; God teaches plainly so that people do not err.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 23168-23175
  quote_or_summary: 'Translator note says Koranic prayer precepts resemble Jewish
    or Rabbinic rules: prayer standing, shortened in dangerous places, forbidden to
    the drunken or polluted, and preceded by washings with water or sand.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The main figures, scenes, and legal instruction are explicit. Motif assignments
    are conservative and mostly tied to divine judgment and wisdom/guidance. The comparison
    claim is limited to a translator’s footnote.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
  Only the provided passage text and metadata were used. No external taxonomy IDs beyond the supplied motif family names were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l23061-l23195
  passage_sha256=3c83793c6552d44501773b10cb46ff42af26dd2fd013792b61534402f8757177