batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l22363-l22471
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l22363-l22471
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
PREFACE; lines 22363-22471
start: '22363'
end: '22471'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage gives legal commands concerning inheritance shares, treatment
of orphans and the poor, punishment for wrongful taking of orphan property, obedience
and rebellion toward God and his messenger, sexual misconduct and repentance,
treatment of wives and dowries, prohibited marriages, and marriage rules involving
enslaved believing women.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Men and women are each assigned stated portions of what parents and kindred
leave.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Kin present at a division, orphans, and the poor are to receive a share and
be addressed kindly.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Those who wrongfully consume the substance of orphans are described as swallowing
fire and burning in flame.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Specific inheritance shares are assigned to children, parents, spouses, siblings,
and distant relations after bequests and debts.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:5
text: Obedience to God and his prophet is followed by entry into gardens with rivers,
while rebellion and breaking bounds is followed by placement in fire and shameful
torment.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: Women accused of whoredom require four witnesses and may be confined until
death or another way is made for them.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: Two men committing the same crime are to be punished, but if they turn and
amend they are to be left alone.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:8
text: Repentance is accepted for those who do evil ignorantly and turn speedily,
but not for those who wait until death is close or die unbelievers.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:9
text: Believers are told not to inherit wives against their will or prevent them
from marrying in order to recover dowry.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:10
text: Marriage is described as involving a strict bond of union, and taking back
a large gift from a wife by slander is condemned.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:11
text: The passage lists categories of women forbidden in marriage, including close
kin, foster-relations, mothers-in-law, certain step-daughters, sons' wives, two
sisters together, and married women except those held as slaves.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: Men unable to marry free believing women may marry believing maidens held
as slaves with their masters' leave and a fair dower.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:13
text: If enslaved married women commit adultery, the penalty is half that enacted
for free married women.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The divine speaker or authority who commands, ordains, knows, judges,
accepts repentance, grants gardens, and prepares torment.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:7
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: God's prophet / apostle
description: The prophet or apostle whose obedience is paired with obedience to
God.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Believers / addressees
description: The addressed community receiving commands about inheritance, marriage,
sexual conduct, and treatment of dependents.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Orphans
description: Persons whose substance must not be wrongfully consumed and who may
be present at a division of property.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: The poor
description: Persons present at a division who are to receive a share and kind speech.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Heirs and kin
description: Parents, children, spouses, siblings, distant relations, and kindred
assigned portions from an estate.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Wives and women
description: Women addressed in rules concerning dowry, marital treatment, inheritance,
sexual misconduct, and prohibited marriage relations.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Repentant wrongdoers
description: Those who do evil ignorantly and turn speedily to God.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Unrepentant or unbelieving wrongdoers
description: Those who persist in evil until death is close or die as unbelievers.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Enslaved believing maidens
description: Believing maidens held as slaves who may be married with their masters'
leave and a fair dower.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
label: Divine lawgiver
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage repeatedly presents inheritance and marriage rules as God's command,
precept, ordinance, or law.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:9
- id: role:2
label: Divine judge and rewarder
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God brings the obedient into gardens and places rebels in fire; torment is
prepared for certain wrongdoers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:7
- id: role:3
label: Messenger whose authority is obeyed or rebelled against
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Obedience and rebellion are directed toward God and his prophet or apostle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:4
label: Command recipients
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The passage addresses believers with legal and moral instructions.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: role:5
label: Protected vulnerable persons
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:5
basis: Orphans and the poor are to receive consideration at property division, and
orphan property is protected from wrongful consumption.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:6
label: Estate recipients
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Parents, children, spouses, siblings, and relations receive defined portions
from estates.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:7
label: Marriage-regulated persons
assigned_to:
- fig:7
- fig:10
basis: The passage sets rules for wives, women forbidden in marriage, dowries, and
enslaved believing women who may be married.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: role:8
label: Accepted repentants
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Those who do evil ignorantly and turn speedily are said to have repentance
accepted.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:9
label: Condemned wrongdoers
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Those who delay repentance until death or die unbelievers are assigned grievous
torment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Fire of punishment
literal_form: fire, flame
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: sym:2
label: Rivers beneath gardens
literal_form: rivers flowing beneath garden shades
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:3
label: Strict bond of union
literal_form: marital bond described as strict
associated_figures:
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:4
label: Portioned inheritance
literal_form: specified fractional shares of an estate
associated_figures:
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Division of inheritance and care for dependents
summary: The passage assigns estate portions to male and female kin and commands
that present kin, orphans, and the poor receive a share and kind speech.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Warning against consuming orphan property
summary: Wrongful consumption of orphan property is represented as swallowing fire
and burning in flame.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Divine reward and punishment for obedience or rebellion
summary: Those who obey God and his prophet are brought into gardens with rivers,
while those who rebel and break bounds are placed in fire forever with shameful
torment.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Sexual misconduct, punishment, and repentance
summary: The passage prescribes witnesses and confinement for women accused of whoredom,
punishment for two men committing the same crime, release upon amendment, and
limits on repentance at the approach of death.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:5
label: Marriage, dowry, and forbidden unions
summary: Believers are instructed not to inherit wives against their will, not to
reclaim dowry by wrongdoing, to recognize the marital bond, and to avoid listed
prohibited marriages.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:7
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Divine judgment through afterlife reward and punishment
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Obedience to God and his prophet leads to everlasting gardens with rivers,
while rebellion and broken bounds lead to everlasting fire and shameful torment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is legal-exhortatory rather than a narrative mythic journey.
- id: motif:2
label: Punitive fire for wrongful consumption of the vulnerable's property
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
- divine_judgment
basis: Those who wrongfully consume orphan property are described as swallowing
fire and burning in flame.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: The fire image is attached to moral warning; the passage does not narrate
a separate fire-being or fire ordeal.
- id: motif:3
label: Ordered sacred distribution of property
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
basis: Inheritance, bequests, debts, dowers, and shares are regulated as God's law
and ordinance, with repeated attention to fair allocation and non-injury.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:8
- ev:10
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage is primarily juridical; classification under a broader exchange
motif is interpretive and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:4
label: Marriage as binding covenantal union
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: The marital relation is described as a strict bond of union, and unjust recovery
of dowry is condemned.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: medium
cautions: The text uses marital bond language, but does not explicitly use the supplied
taxonomy term.
- id: motif:5
label: Repentance accepted before final boundary of death
taxonomy_refs:
- death_rebirth
basis: Repentance is accepted for those who turn speedily after ignorant wrongdoing,
but not for those who wait until death is near or die unbelievers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
confidence: low
cautions: The passage concerns legal-theological repentance, not an explicit death-and-rebirth
narrative.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: 'The passage functions like a divine-judgment pattern by linking obedience
and rebellion to contrasting final outcomes: gardens with rivers versus fire and
torment.'
claim_level: same_function
target: divine_judgment motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This is a functional comparison to a motif family, not a claim of historical
contact or narrative dependence.
- id: claim:2
claim: The marital dowry and 'strict bond of union' language can be cautiously compared
to covenantal or sacred-exchange patterns in which relationship obligations are
protected by divine law.
claim_level: same_function
target: covenant / sacred_exchange motif families
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage is prescriptive law; the comparison should not be read
as identifying a full mythic covenant narrative.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 22363-22471; inheritance portions section
quote_or_summary: Men and women receive portions from parents and kindred; children,
parents, spouses, siblings, and distant relations are assigned fractional shares
after bequests and debts; the rules are called God's law or ordinance.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 22363-22471; division with kin, orphans, and poor
quote_or_summary: When kin, orphans, and the poor are present at a division, they
are to receive a share and be addressed with kindly speech.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
- id: ev:3
type: quote
locator: lines 22363-22471; warning about orphan property
quote_or_summary: Those who wrongfully swallow the substance of the orphan shall
swallow 'fire into their bellies' and burn in flame.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 22363-22471; obedience reward
quote_or_summary: Whoever obeys God and his prophet is brought into gardens beneath
whose shades rivers flow, to abide forever.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 22363-22471; rebellion punishment
quote_or_summary: Whoever rebels against God and his apostle and breaks His bounds
is placed in fire forever and receives shameful torment.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 22363-22471; sexual misconduct rules
quote_or_summary: Women accused of whoredom require four witnesses and may be confined;
two men committing the same crime are punished, but if they turn and amend they
are to be left alone.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 22363-22471; repentance section
quote_or_summary: God accepts the repentance of those who do evil ignorantly and
turn speedily; repentance is not available to those who wait until death is close
or die unbelievers, for whom grievous torment is prepared.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 22363-22471; wives, dowry, and bond
quote_or_summary: Believers may not inherit wives against their will, prevent them
from marrying to recover dowry, or take back a large gift by slander; marriage
is described as a strict bond of union.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 22363-22471; prohibited marriages
quote_or_summary: The passage forbids marriage with specified close kin, foster-relations,
mothers-in-law, certain step-daughters, sons' wives, two sisters together, and
married women except those in one's hands as slaves.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 22363-22471; marriage to enslaved believing women
quote_or_summary: A man lacking wealth to marry free believing women may marry believing
maidens held as slaves with the leave of their masters and a fair dower; after
marriage their adultery penalty is half that for free married women.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source text supplied for extraction.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Legal and moral content is explicit. Motif assignments beyond divine judgment
and punitive fire are more interpretive because the passage is prescriptive rather
than narrative.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. No historical-contact claims are made.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l22363-l22471
passage_sha256=86289f4a68dc22ecd0ffc9836e6b85d90c9bb2a61e4376577d9d7933b92fdf41