batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l20275-l20431
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l20275-l20431
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
PREFACE; lines 20275-20431
start: '20275'
end: '20431'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage contains translator notes on pilgrimage, Jewish law, Jewish
historical parallels, ark-associated relics, Ozair/Esdras, and related biblical
or rabbinic comparisons. It then gives Sura XCVIII, where a messenger brings clear
evidence and pure pages, true religion is defined as sincere worship, prayer,
and alms, unbelievers are assigned to Gehenna, and believers are rewarded with
gardens of Eden beneath which rivers flow. The excerpt from Sura LXIV praises
God as creator and knower, recalls earlier peoples rejecting apostles, affirms
resurrection and final gathering, and contrasts gardens for believers with fire
for unbelievers.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The notes state that pilgrims move rapidly when near the Holy Places and identify
Mina as a valley.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: A note says certain Muslims wished to observe parts of Jewish law.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: A note explains the term for limits or fences by comparison with Talmudic
sayings about making a fence for the law.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: A note compares a resurrection-related passage with Ezekiel 37:1-10 and Talmud
Sanhedrin 92.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: A note lists objects associated with Moses, Aaron, manna, and the tablets
of the law as contents connected with the ark tradition.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: A note says Ozair or Esdras doubted whether Jerusalem could be rebuilt after
destruction by Nebuchadnezzar and that a miracle was performed for his assurance.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: Sura XCVIII presents a messenger from God reciting pure pages containing true
Scriptures.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:8
text: Sura XCVIII says people were enjoined to worship God sincerely, observe prayer,
and pay stated alms.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: Sura XCVIII contrasts unbelievers who go into Gehenna with believers who receive
gardens of Eden with rivers beneath them.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:10
text: Sura LXIV states that God created the heavens and earth, fashioned humans,
knows hidden and manifest things, and that all return to Him.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:11
text: Sura LXIV recalls earlier disbelievers who rejected apostles with clear tokens
and suffered consequences.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: Sura LXIV affirms that the dead will be raised, told of their deeds, and gathered
for the day of mutual gathering.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:13
text: Sura LXIV says believers who do right will have evil deeds cancelled and enter
gardens with rivers, while unbelievers who deny signs remain in fire.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The divine creator, knower, ruler, judge, sender of clear evidence,
and giver of recompense.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: messenger from God
description: A messenger reciting pure pages containing true Scriptures.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: unbelievers among the people of the Book and the Polytheists
description: Those described in Sura XCVIII as rejecting or remaining unbelieving
after clear evidence.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: believers who do right
description: Those described as the best of creatures and as recipients of gardens
of Eden or gardens with rivers.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: earlier apostles
description: Apostles who came to earlier peoples with clear tokens.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: earlier disbelievers
description: Earlier people who disbelieved, rejected their apostles, and tasted
the consequences of their deeds.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Ozair or Esdras
description: A figure in the translator note who doubted whether Jerusalem could
be rebuilt after its destruction and received assurance through a miracle.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
roles:
- id: role:1
label: creator and knower
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Sura LXIV says God created the heavens and earth, fashioned humans, and knows
hidden and manifest things.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:2
label: divine judge and rewarder
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage assigns Gehenna or fire to unbelievers and gardens with rivers
to believers, with recompense from God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: role:3
label: bearer of revelation or warning
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:5
basis: The messenger recites pure pages, and earlier apostles come with clear tokens.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:9
- id: role:4
label: rejecters of signs or clear evidence
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:6
basis: Both present unbelievers and earlier disbelievers are described as rejecting
signs, clear evidence, or apostles.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: role:5
label: righteous recipients of reward
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Believers who do right receive gardens beneath which rivers flow and divine
pleasure.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: role:6
label: doubter reassured by miracle
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: The note says Ozair or Esdras doubted Jerusalem's rebuilding and that a miracle
was performed for his assurance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: clear evidence and pure pages
literal_form: A messenger reciting pure pages containing true Scriptures.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:2
label: fire of Gehenna
literal_form: Gehenna or fire where unbelievers remain.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: sym:3
label: gardens with rivers
literal_form: Gardens of Eden or gardens beneath whose shades rivers flow.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: sym:4
label: light sent down
literal_form: The light which God has sent down.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:5
label: ark-associated relics
literal_form: Shoes and rod of Moses, mitre of Aaron, vase of manna, and fragments
of the two tables of the law listed in a note.
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Arrival of clear evidence
summary: A messenger from God brings clear evidence by reciting pure pages containing
true Scriptures, after which division among scripture-holders is mentioned.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:2
label: Definition of true religion
summary: The passage states that people were enjoined to worship God sincerely,
be sound in faith, observe prayer, and pay stated alms.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:3
label: Afterlife recompense in Sura XCVIII
summary: Unbelievers are assigned to Gehenna, while believers who do right receive
gardens of Eden with rivers beneath and divine pleasure.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: scene:4
label: Creation, knowledge, and return
summary: Sura LXIV presents God as creator of heaven, earth, and humans, as knower
of all hidden and manifest things, and as the one to whom all return.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: scene:5
label: Earlier rejection of apostles
summary: Earlier disbelievers reject apostles who come with clear tokens and suffer
consequences, with further punishment awaiting them.
figure_refs:
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:1
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:6
label: Resurrection and mutual gathering
summary: The passage affirms that those denying resurrection will be raised, told
of their deeds, and gathered for a day of mutual gathering; believers enter gardens
and unbelievers remain in fire.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:7
label: Editorial parallels to Jewish and biblical traditions
summary: Translator notes compare several surrounding Qur'anic materials with Talmudic,
Ezekiel, Nehemiah, and Genesis passages and identify ark-associated relics.
figure_refs:
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Revelation as clear evidence
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The passage centers Sura XCVIII on clear evidence brought by a messenger
who recites pure pages with true Scriptures.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The taxonomy reference to wisdom is broad; the passage itself emphasizes
revelation and evidence rather than wisdom as an explicit term.
- id: motif:2
label: Divine judgment by contrasting fire and garden
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Both Sura XCVIII and Sura LXIV contrast unbelievers assigned to Gehenna or
fire with believers rewarded in gardens with rivers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: The passage gives destinations and recompense but does not narrate a detailed
trial scene.
- id: motif:3
label: Resurrection and final gathering
taxonomy_refs:
- resurrection
basis: Sura LXIV directly denies the claim that the dead will not be raised and
states that people will be raised, told of their deeds, and gathered.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: The excerpt gives a doctrinal assertion rather than an extended resurrection
narrative.
- id: motif:4
label: Return to God
taxonomy_refs:
- return
basis: Sura LXIV states that God fashioned humans and that to Him all must return.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: The motif is expressed theologically, not as a travel narrative.
- id: motif:5
label: Paradisal garden with flowing rivers
taxonomy_refs:
- afterlife_journey_map
basis: The righteous receive gardens of Eden or gardens beneath whose shades rivers
flow and abide there forever.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage describes an afterlife destination, but not a full journey
map.
- id: motif:6
label: Rejected messengers and punishment of former peoples
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Sura LXIV recalls earlier peoples who rejected apostles bearing clear tokens
and then suffered the evil consequences of their deeds.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: This is a compressed warning example rather than a full narrative of a
specific people.
- id: motif:7
label: Miraculous assurance of a city's restoration
taxonomy_refs:
- resurrection
basis: A translator note says Ozair or Esdras doubted whether Jerusalem could be
rebuilt and that a miracle was performed for his assurance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: This motif is present in an editorial note summarizing surrounding material,
not in the translated sura text excerpted here.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The translator explicitly compares a resurrection-related Qur'anic passage
with Ezekiel 37:1-10 and Talmud Sanhedrin 92.
claim_level: same_motif
target: Ezekiel's valley of dry bones and Talmud Sanhedrin 92
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The comparison is editorial; the actual Qur'anic verses being annotated
are not included in full in this passage range.
- id: claim:2
claim: The translator identifies the language of legal limits or fences as Talmudic
and compares it with Pirke Aboth's sayings about making a fence for the law.
claim_level: linguistic_similarity
target: Pirke Aboth legal-fence formula
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This is a lexical and legal-language comparison, not a narrative motif
comparison.
- id: claim:3
claim: The translator links the Ozair or Esdras rebuilding miracle to Nehemiah's
circuit around ruined Jerusalem.
claim_level: same_function
target: Nehemiah 2:13 and the ruined-city inspection motif
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The wording asserts an origin, but the provided passage gives no supporting
historical argument beyond the note.
- id: claim:4
claim: The translator notes a comparison with Genesis 15:9 near material concerning
a miracle of assurance.
claim_level: same_motif
target: Genesis 15:9 sacrificial-animal passage
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: low
limitations: The note supplies only a brief cross-reference; the specific Qur'anic
wording being compared is not included in this excerpt.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 20275-20288, notes 82-86
quote_or_summary: Notes mention rapid pilgrim movement near the Holy Places, Mina
as a valley, Sohaib leaving property when joining Muhammad, and Muslims wishing
to observe parts of Jewish law.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: lines 20294-20297, note 90
quote_or_summary: The note says the word for limits or fences is Talmudic and cites
sayings such as “Make a fence for the law” and “Tradition is a fence to the law.”
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 20308-20320, notes 95-99
quote_or_summary: Notes compare a passage with Ezekiel 37:1-10 and Talmud Sanhedrin
92, discuss Jewish-history examples, identify Shechinah and ark-related Rabbinic
forms, and list relics associated with Moses, Aaron, manna, and the tablets.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 20328-20334, notes 104-107
quote_or_summary: Notes identify Nimrod, summarize Ozair or Esdras doubting Jerusalem's
rebuilding after Nebuchadnezzar, say a miracle assured him, link the story to
Nehemiah's circuit of the ruined city, and cross-reference Genesis 15:9.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 20336-20340, notes 108-110
quote_or_summary: Notes explain Satan's discouragement of charity through fear of
poverty, compare a charity saying with Matthew 6:3-4, and note a contradiction
with another verse.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: Sura XCVIII, opening through true religion; lines 20342-20358
quote_or_summary: 'Unbelievers among the People of the Book and Polytheists do not
waver until clear evidence comes: a messenger from God reciting pure pages containing
true Scriptures; sincere worship, prayer, and alms are named as true religion.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: Sura XCVIII, recompense verses; lines 20360-20370
quote_or_summary: Unbelievers among the People of the Book and Polytheists go into
Gehenna; believers who do right are rewarded with gardens of Eden beneath which
rivers flow, where they abide forever, with mutual divine pleasure.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: Sura LXIV, opening creation and knowledge verses; lines 20372-20388
quote_or_summary: All in heaven and earth praise God; God has kingdom, glory, and
power, created people, created heavens and earth in truth, fashioned humans, knows
what is hidden and manifest, and all return to Him.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: Sura LXIV, former disbelievers and apostles; lines 20390-20400
quote_or_summary: Earlier disbelievers tasted evil consequences and await punishment
because apostles came with clear tokens but were rejected as merely human guides.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: Sura LXIV, resurrection, gathering, reward, and fire; lines 20402-20431
quote_or_summary: The passage affirms that deniers will be raised and told of their
deeds, commands belief in God, the apostle, and sent-down light, describes the
day of mutual gathering, and contrasts gardens with rivers for believers against
fire for those who deny signs.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Extraction is strongest for Sura XCVIII and LXIV doctrinal motifs. Some motif
and comparison entries rely on translator notes that summarize or cross-reference
material outside the immediately quoted sura text, so those are marked with cautions.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
Used only supplied passage text and metadata. Taxonomy references are limited to the provided motif families and symbol list.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l20275-l20431
passage_sha256=c60e8d727ff3c1ec274bc5d44d61d31c50eaadf86a6421c967535abaae018805