batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l19347-l19457
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l19347-l19457
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
PREFACE; lines 19347-19457
start: '19347'
end: '19457'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage affirms one God, presents creation and natural cycles as signs,
warns of punishment for idolatry and concealment of scripture, gives dietary,
ethical, legal, testamentary, and fasting prescriptions, describes Ramadan as
the month in which the Koran was sent down, and states that God is near and answers
prayer.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The passage states that some remain forever in torment, that their torment
is not lightened, and that God will not look upon them.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The passage declares that God is one, compassionate, and merciful.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Creation of the heavens and earth, alternation of night and day, ships at
sea, rain from heaven, revived earth, cattle, changing winds, and clouds between
heaven and earth are called signs for those who understand.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Some people take idols along with God and love them, while the faithful are
described as stronger in love of God.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: Leaders and followers are described as disavowing one another after seeing
chastisement, with ties between them cut asunder.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: The followers wish they could return to life and separate themselves from
those who separated from them; they do not come forth from the fire.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: People are told to eat what is lawful and good and not to follow Satan's steps,
because Satan is called an avowed enemy.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: 'Certain foods are forbidden: carrion, blood, swine''s flesh, and food over
which a name other than God''s has been invoked, with an exception under constraint
without lust or wilfulness.'
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: Those who hide scripture and barter it for a mean price are said to swallow
fire and to face grievous torment on the day of resurrection.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: Piety is defined not by facing east or west, but by belief, charity, prayer,
alms, faithfulness to engagements, and patience in hardship.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: A law of retaliation for bloodshed is prescribed, with remission and payment
handled equitably, and the law is called security for life.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:12
text: A bequest to parents and kindred is prescribed when a person is near death
and leaves goods; changing the bequest after hearing it is condemned.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: obs:13
text: A fast is prescribed for believers as it was prescribed to those before them,
with accommodations for sickness and travel.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: obs:14
text: Ramadhan is named as the month in which the Koran was sent down as guidance,
explanation, and illumination; observing the moon begins the fast.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: obs:15
text: God states that he is near to his servants and answers the cry of the one
who cries to him.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The one God, described as compassionate, merciful, powerful, severe
in chastising, indulgent, lenient, near, and responsive to prayer.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:8
- ev:11
- ev:15
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: faithful / believers
description: Those who love God, are addressed with commands about food, law, bequest,
fasting, and prayer, and are called to give thanks and fear God.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:8
- ev:10
- ev:13
- ev:14
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: impious / infidels
description: People associated with idols, rejection of guidance, lack of understanding,
and future chastisement.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: followers
description: Those who followed others and later wish they could return to life
and clear themselves from those leaders.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: those who had followers
description: Those who disavow their followers after seeing chastisement.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Satan
description: Named as an avowed enemy who enjoins evil and wickedness.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: those who hide the Scriptures
description: People who conceal what God sent down and barter it for a mean price.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: pious person
description: A person characterized by belief, charity, prayer, alms, covenant-keeping,
and patience.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: servants who ask concerning God
description: God's servants who cry to him and are told he is near and answers.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
roles:
- id: role:1
label: sole deity
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage declares that God is one and that there is no God but he.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:2
label: judge and chastiser
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage attributes chastisement, torment, and judgment to God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:9
- id: role:3
label: giver of guidance and law
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage presents commandments about lawful food, retaliation, bequests,
fasting, and guidance sent down.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:13
- ev:14
- id: role:4
label: worshipping recipients of prescription
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Believers are addressed directly with instructions about food, retaliation,
bequests, and fasting.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:11
- ev:13
- id: role:5
label: lovers of God
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The faithful are said to have stronger love of God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:6
label: misguided rejecters
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The passage says some take idols, follow inherited usages, and lack understanding.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:6
- id: role:7
label: disavowed followers
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Followers are separated from leaders and wish they could return to life to
disavow them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:8
label: disavowing leaders
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Those who had followers declare themselves clear from their followers after
seeing chastisement.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:9
label: enemy and tempter
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Satan is called an avowed enemy who enjoins evil and wickedness.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:10
label: concealers of scripture
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: They hide scriptures sent down by God and barter them for a mean price.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: role:11
label: ethical exemplar
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: The pious person is described through belief, charity, prayer, alms, fidelity,
and patience.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:12
label: supplicant
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: God's servants ask concerning him and cry to him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: fire of punishment
literal_form: fire
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:9
- id: sym:2
label: rain that revives earth
literal_form: rain from heaven giving life to earth after its death
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:3
label: signs in creation
literal_form: heavens, earth, night, day, ships, sea, rain, cattle, winds, clouds
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:4
label: lawful and forbidden foods
literal_form: lawful good food; carrion, blood, swine's flesh, and food invoked
under another name
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: sym:5
label: east and west
literal_form: turning faces toward the east or the west
associated_figures:
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:6
label: moon marking the fast
literal_form: the moon observed at the beginning of the Ramadhan fast
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Afterlife torment and divine non-recognition
summary: A punished group remains forever in torment, without relief, and God does
not look upon them.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Natural signs for understanding
summary: Elements of creation and weather are listed as signs for those who understand.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Idolatry, chastisement, and severed ties
summary: People who take idols and their leaders and followers confront chastisement;
their ties are cut, and followers wish for return to life.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: scene:4
label: Lawful eating and warning against Satan
summary: People are commanded to eat what is lawful and good and not to follow Satan's
steps.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: scene:5
label: Concealment of scripture and fiery recompense
summary: Those who hide scripture and barter it for a small price are said to consume
fire and face grievous torment on the resurrection day.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:6
label: Definition of piety
summary: The passage rejects mere directional orientation as piety and defines piety
through belief, charity, prayer, alms, fidelity, and patience.
figure_refs:
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:7
label: Retaliation, remission, and security for life
summary: A law of retaliation for bloodshed is prescribed, while remission and equitable
payment are allowed, and the law is described as security for life.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: scene:8
label: Bequest near death
summary: A person near death is to bequeath equitably to parents and kindred; wrongful
alteration of the bequest is condemned.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: scene:9
label: Ramadhan fast and divine nearness
summary: Fasting is prescribed for set days, Ramadhan is identified as the month
when the Koran was sent down, the moon marks the fast, and God says he is near
and answers prayer.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- ev:14
- ev:15
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine judgment with fiery punishment
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage repeatedly describes chastisement, grievous torment, resurrection-day
accountability, and fire associated with punishment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:6
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is legal and exhortatory as well as eschatological; the motif
is extracted only from the judgment and punishment sections.
- id: motif:2
label: resurrection-day accountability
taxonomy_refs:
- resurrection
- divine_judgment
basis: Those who conceal scripture are said to face God on the day of resurrection,
with no divine speech or absolution and grievous torment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: The passage mentions the day of resurrection but does not narrate a full
resurrection scene.
- id: motif:3
label: signs in the ordered cosmos as wisdom instruction
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: Creation, natural cycles, rain, winds, clouds, and human use of the sea are
presented as signs for those who understand.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage uses signs for understanding; assigning the broader wisdom
motif is interpretive and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:4
label: guidance sent down
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The Koran is described as sent down in Ramadhan as guidance, explanation
of guidance, and illumination.
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
confidence: medium
cautions: The taxonomy does not include a specific revelation motif, so the closest
available reference is wisdom.
- id: motif:5
label: prescribed fast for purification or fear of God
taxonomy_refs:
- initiation
basis: A fast is prescribed for believers, as for earlier people, so that they may
fear God, with set days and accommodations.
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- ev:14
confidence: low
cautions: The passage does not frame fasting as an initiation; this is only a possible
ritual-pattern motif and needs review.
- id: motif:6
label: divine nearness to the supplicant
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_beloved
basis: God says he is near to his servants and answers the cry of the one who cries
to him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
confidence: low
cautions: The passage supports divine responsiveness, but the available taxonomy
label divine_beloved may be too specific.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The fasting prescription is explicitly said to correspond to a prescription
given to those before the addressed believers.
claim_level: same_function
target: fasting practices of earlier communities mentioned within the passage
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage does not identify the earlier communities or provide details
of their fasting practices.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: 19347-19348
quote_or_summary: A punished group remains forever in torment; the torment is not
lightened, and God does not look upon them.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: 19349-19351
quote_or_summary: '"Your God is one God... the Compassionate, the Merciful."'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: 19352-19361
quote_or_summary: Creation, night and day, ships at sea, rain from heaven reviving
earth, cattle, winds, and clouds are called signs for those who understand.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: 19362-19366
quote_or_summary: Some take idols along with God; the faithful are stronger in love
of God; the impious will see chastisement and God's power.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: 19367-19370
quote_or_summary: Those who had followers disavow their followers after seeing chastisement,
and the ties between them are cut.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: 19371-19375
quote_or_summary: Followers wish they could return to life and disavow the leaders;
they do not come forth from the fire.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: 19376-19380
quote_or_summary: People are told to eat what is lawful and good and not follow
Satan's steps; Satan enjoins evil and wickedness.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: 19390-19395
quote_or_summary: Carrion, blood, swine's flesh, and food invoked under another
name are forbidden, with an exception for constrained consumption without lust
or wilfulness.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: 19396-19404
quote_or_summary: Those who hide scriptures sent down by God and barter them for
a small price swallow fire and face grievous torment on the day of resurrection.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: 19405-19415
quote_or_summary: Piety is not turning toward east or west, but belief in God and
the last day, charity, prayer, alms, keeping engagements, and patience.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: 19416-19425
quote_or_summary: Retaliation for bloodshed is prescribed; remission and equitable
payment are allowed; the law is called security for life.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: 19426-19435
quote_or_summary: A person near death who leaves goods should bequeath equitably
to parents and kindred; changing a bequest after hearing it is condemned, while
settlement to prevent wrong is permitted.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
type: summary
locator: 19436-19445
quote_or_summary: A fast is prescribed for believers as it was for those before
them; the sick and travelers fast other days; expiation may maintain a poor man.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:14
type: summary
locator: 19446-19454
quote_or_summary: Ramadhan is the month in which the Koran was sent down as guidance
and illumination; observing the moon begins the fast, and God wishes ease rather
than discomfort.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:15
type: quote
locator: 19455-19457
quote_or_summary: '"I will answer the cry of him that crieth, when he crieth unto
me."'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Legal and theological content is clear in the supplied translation. Some
motif-family mappings are approximate because the available taxonomy lacks exact
categories for revelation, ritual fasting, and legal prescription.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
No external sources or comparisons were used beyond the supplied passage and available taxonomy references.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l19347-l19457
passage_sha256=3e166773b97340ca0c1c2ab6f5557de0facffae56b0042d21af265937239ae19