batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l18986-l19101
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l18986-l19101
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
PREFACE; lines 18986-19101
start: '18986'
end: '19101'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage addresses hardened hearts, alleged corruption and selective
acceptance of scripture, covenant commands and violations, recompense in fire
or Paradise, Moses and Jesus with proofs, the calf episode, the uplifted mountain
at covenant, and Gabriel's role in bringing down the Koran as confirmation of
previous revelations.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The addressees' hearts are described as becoming hard like rocks or harder,
while rocks are described as producing rivers, issuing water when cleft, or sinking
through fear of God.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: A group is said to have heard the word of God, understood it, and then perverted
it knowingly.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Some people are described as saying they believe when with the faithful, but
speaking differently when alone with one another.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: The passage condemns those who write the Book corruptly with their own hands
and claim it is from God for a small gain.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: The passage contrasts people environed by sins as inmates of the fire with
believers who do right as inmates of Paradise.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: A covenant with the children of Israel commands exclusive worship of God,
kindness to parents, kindred, orphans, and the poor, right speech, prayer, and
stated alms.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:7
text: A covenant is said to forbid shedding one another's blood and expelling one
another from abodes, but the addressees are accused of slaying and driving out
their own people.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:8
text: On the day of the Resurrection, violators are said to be sent to severe torment.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: Moses is said to have been given the Book, Jesus son of Mary is said to have
been given clear proofs and strengthened by the Holy Spirit, and apostles are
said to have been rejected or slain.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:10
text: In Moses' absence, the addressees are said to have taken the calf for their
god.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:11
text: At a covenant, the mountain is said to have been uplifted over the addressees
while they were told to hold firmly to what had been given and to hearken.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: Gabriel is identified as the one who, by God's leave, caused the Koran to
descend on the heart, confirming previous revelations and bringing guidance and
good tidings to the faithful.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:13
text: An enemy of God, his angels, Gabriel, or Michael is said to have God as an
enemy.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:14
text: Some recipients of scripture are said to throw the Book of God behind their
backs as if they did not know it.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The deity who knows hidden and revealed things, enters covenants, gives
or sends down revelation, judges actions, and is enemy to the infidels.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Jews / children of Israel / addressed covenant people
description: The group addressed in the passage as recipients of covenants, scripture,
commands, and accusations of breach, disbelief, or selective belief.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:12
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: the faithful
description: Those with whom some people say, 'We believe,' and to whom the Koran
is described as guidance and good tidings.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:11
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Moses
description: A figure to whom the Book is said to have been given and who came with
proofs of his mission.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Jesus, son of Mary
description: A figure said to have been given clear proofs of his mission and strengthened
by the Holy Spirit.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Holy Spirit
description: The being or agency by whom Jesus son of Mary is said to have been
strengthened.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: apostles / prophets
description: Messengers said to have come with what the addressees' souls did not
desire; some are treated as impostors or slain.
role_refs:
- role:3
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Gabriel
description: The angel identified as causing the Koran to descend on the heart by
God's leave.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Michael
description: A named angel included in the statement about enmity toward God, his
angels, Gabriel, or Michael.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
label: covenant maker and commander
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage says God entered or made covenants and issued commands attached
to them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:9
- id: role:2
label: covenant recipient
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The children of Israel or addressed group receive covenant commands and are
accused of turning away or breaching them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:9
- id: role:3
label: recipient or bearer of divine proof and revelation
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:7
basis: Moses receives the Book, Jesus receives clear proofs, and apostles come with
messages.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: role:4
label: spiritual or angelic agent
assigned_to:
- fig:6
- fig:8
- fig:9
basis: The Holy Spirit strengthens Jesus; Gabriel brings down the Koran; Michael
is named among angels in a loyalty/enmity formula.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:11
- id: role:5
label: judge and knower of actions
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage says God is not regardless of actions, knows what is hidden and
revealed, and sees what people do.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:6
- ev:10
- id: role:6
label: opposer or rejecter of revelation
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:7
basis: The addressed group is accused of perverting scripture, rejecting later truth,
and slaying prophets or apostles.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: role:7
label: believing community
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The faithful are those to whom others claim belief and for whom the Koran
is described as guidance and good tidings.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: hard hearts and rocks with water
literal_form: hearts compared to rocks; rocks producing rivers or water
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: fire of punishment
literal_form: Hell fire; inmates of the fire; torment
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:6
- id: sym:3
label: Paradise
literal_form: Paradise as an abode for those who believe and do right
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: the Book / Scriptures
literal_form: the Book, word of God, previous revelations, scriptures written, confirmed,
believed, denied, or thrown behind backs
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:12
- id: sym:5
label: covenant
literal_form: entered, made, accepted, or ratified covenant with commands and witnesses
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:9
- ev:12
- id: sym:6
label: blood and abodes
literal_form: one another's blood and abodes named in covenant prohibition
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:7
label: uplifted mountain
literal_form: the mountain uplifted over the covenant recipients
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:8
label: calf as god
literal_form: the calf taken for a god and later described as drunk down into hearts
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:9
label: heart
literal_form: hard hearts; Koran descending on the heart; calf drunk into hearts
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:9
- ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Hardening of hearts
summary: The passage describes hearts becoming harder than rocks and contrasts them
with rocks that yield water or sink in fear of God.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Concealed and corrupted revelation
summary: Some people are accused of hearing and perverting God's word, hiding what
is revealed, and corruptly writing the Book for gain.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Fire and Paradise recompense
summary: The passage rejects a claim of brief contact with Hell fire and contrasts
abiding in fire for evil works with abiding in Paradise for belief and right action.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Covenant commands and social obligations
summary: A covenant with the children of Israel commands exclusive worship, care
for vulnerable groups, right speech, prayer, and alms, followed by an accusation
that most turned away.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Breach of covenant through violence and expulsion
summary: The addressed group is reminded of a covenant not to shed blood or expel
one another, then accused of killing, expelling, and selectively obeying the Book,
with shame and resurrection torment as recompense.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:4
- sym:5
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:6
label: Prophets, proofs, and rejection
summary: Moses receives the Book, Jesus receives proofs and the Holy Spirit, and
later messengers are described as rejected, accused, or slain.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: scene:7
label: Recognition and rejection of confirming revelation
summary: A Book from God is said to confirm earlier revelation, but the addressees
do not recognize it and are accused of believing only what was sent to them while
rejecting later confirming truth.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: scene:8
label: Calf and uplifted mountain covenant
summary: After Moses' proofs, the addressees take the calf as god in his absence;
the covenant is accepted with the mountain uplifted over them, and the calf is
described as entering their hearts.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
- sym:7
- sym:8
- sym:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:9
label: Wish for death and desire for long life
summary: The addressees are challenged to wish for death if the future dwelling
with God is specially theirs, but the passage says they will not do so and are
covetous of life.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:10
label: Gabriel and confirmed revelation
summary: Gabriel is identified as bringing the Koran down by God's leave, confirming
previous revelations and serving as guidance and good tidings; enmity toward God,
angels, Gabriel, or Michael is condemned.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: scene:11
label: Engagements set aside and Book rejected
summary: Some people are said to set aside engagements and throw the Book of God
behind their backs when an apostle confirms previous revelations.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Covenant given, ratified, and breached
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: Multiple covenant scenes include commands, ratification or witness, breach
through violence, and renewed rejection of engagements.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:9
- ev:12
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is polemical and addresses a specific scriptural community;
extraction should not generalize beyond the passage wording.
- id: motif:2
label: Divine judgment by fire and Paradise
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage contrasts the inmates of fire with the inmates of Paradise and
states that God sees and judges deeds.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:6
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: The passage presents recompense doctrinally; no narrative journey through
the afterlife is described.
- id: motif:3
label: Resurrection torment after covenant violation
taxonomy_refs:
- resurrection
basis: The passage explicitly says that on the day of the Resurrection certain violators
will be sent to severe torment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: Only the judgment setting is mentioned; the mechanics of resurrection
are not narrated.
- id: motif:4
label: Revelation confirmed, corrupted, or rejected
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The passage repeatedly concerns the Book, God's word, previous revelations,
confirmation by the Koran, and human responses of belief, corruption, concealment,
or rejection.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:10
- ev:11
- ev:12
confidence: medium
cautions: The available taxonomy term 'wisdom' is broader than the passage's specific
focus on revelation and scripture.
- id: motif:5
label: False worship of the calf during Moses' absence
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage states that after Moses came with proofs, the addressees took
the calf for their god in his absence and did wickedly.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference precisely matches idolatry or the golden
calf episode.
- id: motif:6
label: Mountain over the covenant recipients
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: The passage links acceptance of the covenant with the mountain being uplifted
over the addressees and a command to hold firmly and hearken.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: Although the mountain is prominent, the passage frames it as part of covenant
enforcement rather than as a world mountain or ascent motif.
- id: motif:7
label: Bad exchange of revelation and afterlife for worldly gain
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
basis: The passage speaks of corruptly writing the Book for a mean price, purchasing
present life at the price of what is to come, and selling themselves by disbelief.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:6
- ev:8
confidence: low
cautions: The exchange language is moral and polemical, not a ritual exchange; the
taxonomy fit is tentative.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage explicitly presents the Koran as confirming previous revelations,
placing its revelation in continuity with earlier scriptural material named in
the passage.
claim_level: same_function
target: previous revelations / Scriptures mentioned in the passage
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
- ev:11
- ev:12
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: This is an internal textual comparison only; it does not establish
historical contact beyond the passage's own claim of confirmation.
- id: claim:2
claim: The covenant episodes share a repeated pattern of divine command, human ratification
or obligation, breach, and subsequent judgment.
claim_level: same_motif
target: covenant motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:9
- ev:12
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The comparison is to a motif family supplied for extraction, not to
a specific external text.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 18986-18990
quote_or_summary: Hearts are compared to rocks or harder; rocks are said to gush
rivers, issue water when cleft, or sink in fear of God; God is not regardless
of actions.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 18991-19000
quote_or_summary: A part of the Jews heard and knowingly perverted God's word; some
say 'We believe' among the faithful but speak differently in private; God knows
what is hidden and shown.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized with brief quoted phrase from passage.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 19001-19008
quote_or_summary: Some illiterates are said to know only lies and fancies; woe is
pronounced on those who corruptly write the Book with their hands, claim it is
from God, and sell it for a mean price.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 19009-19018
quote_or_summary: The passage rejects the claim that Hell fire will touch them only
a few days; evil workers surrounded by sins abide in fire, while believers who
do right abide in Paradise.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 19019-19025
quote_or_summary: A covenant with the children of Israel commands worship of God
alone, goodness to parents, kindred, orphans, and the poor, right speech, prayer,
and stated alms; most turn away.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 19026-19039
quote_or_summary: A covenant forbids shedding one another's blood and expelling
one another; the addressees are accused of killing, driving out, helping against
their own people, and selective belief, with shame in life and severe torment
on the day of Resurrection.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 19040-19050
quote_or_summary: Moses is given the Book; apostles are raised after him; Jesus
son of Mary is given clear proofs and strengthened by the Holy Spirit; some apostles
are called impostors and others slain.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 19051-19061
quote_or_summary: A Book from God comes confirming what the addressees had already
received, but they do not recognize it; they are accused of selling themselves
by not believing what God sent down.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 19062-19072
quote_or_summary: Moses comes with proofs; in his absence the addressees take the
calf as their god; at the accepted covenant the mountain is uplifted over them
and they are told to hold firmly and hearken; the calf is described as drunk into
their hearts.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 19073-19085
quote_or_summary: The addressees are challenged to wish for death if the future
dwelling with God is specially theirs, but they will not because of what their
hands have sent ahead; they are described as covetous of life and unable to escape
punishment by long life.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 19086-19095
quote_or_summary: Gabriel, by God's leave, caused the Koran to descend on the heart
as confirmation of previous revelations, guidance, and good tidings to the faithful;
enemies of God, his angels, Gabriel, or Michael have God as enemy.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 19096-19101
quote_or_summary: Clear signs are sent down; engagements are repeatedly set aside
by some; when an apostle from God confirms previous revelations, some recipients
of Scripture throw the Book of God behind their backs as if they did not know
it.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage is explicit. Motif mapping
is strongest for covenant, divine judgment, resurrection, calf, and mountain-covenant
material; broader taxonomy fits such as wisdom or sacred exchange are more tentative.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage and metadata. No external Qur'anic verse numbering or source-critical identifications were added.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l18986-l19101
passage_sha256=5ca6b5b99d548ab53db2076f83d1780f160ef29f73e80054325a845ada5006f2