Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l18733-l18863

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l18733-l18863

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l18733-l18863
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
  label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
    PREFACE; lines 18733-18863
  start: '18733'
  end: '18863'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage contrasts the guided, unbelievers, and hypocritical speakers;
    gives parables of lost light and storm-darkness; calls people to worship the Creator;
    describes punishment by fire and reward in gardens with rivers; mentions divine
    parables, covenant violation, death and restoration to life, creation of earth
    and seven heavens; and narrates Adam’s appointment, naming knowledge, angelic
    prostration, Eblis’s refusal, the Garden prohibition, Satan’s causing of Adam
    and his wife to slip, descent to earth, repentance, and future guidance or punishment.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Those guided by their Lord are said to fare well, while infidels are described
    as not believing whether warned or not.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: God is said to have sealed the hearts and ears of the infidels and placed
    a covering over their eyes, with severe chastisement assigned to them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Some people claim belief in God and the latter day but are described as not
    believers and as attempting deception.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The hypocritical speakers are accused of disorder on earth, mocking the faithful,
    and privately siding with their Satans.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: A parable compares them to someone whose kindled fire gives light before God
    removes the light and leaves them in darkness.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: A second parable compares them to people under a storm-cloud with darkness,
    thunder, and lightning, stopping when darkness closes on them.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: People of Mecca are told to adore the Lord who created them and those before
    them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The earth is described as a bed, heaven as a covering, and water from heaven
    as producing fruits for sustenance.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: Those in doubt are challenged to produce a Sura like what has been sent down
    and to summon witnesses beside God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: A fire prepared for infidels is described as having men and stones for fuel.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: Believers who do right are promised gardens beneath which rivers flow, fruit,
    pure wives, and everlasting dwelling.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:12
  text: God is said not to be ashamed to use a gnat or nobler object as an instance;
    such parables guide many and mislead the wicked.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:13
  text: The wicked are described as violating God’s covenant, severing what God ordered
    joined, and acting disorderly on earth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:14
  text: The passage states that God gave life after death, will cause death, will
    restore life, and that people will return to Him.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:15
  text: God is described as creating what is on earth and fashioning the heaven into
    seven heavens.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:16
  text: God tells the angels He is about to place one in His stead on earth; the angels
    ask about one who will do ill and shed blood.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:17
  text: God teaches Adam the names of all things and asks the angels to tell the names
    if they have wisdom.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:18
  text: The angels acknowledge they know only what God has given them to know, and
    Adam informs them of the names.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:19
  text: The angels are commanded to bow down and worship Adam; all do so except Eblis,
    who refuses, is proud, and becomes one of the unbelievers.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:20
  text: Adam and his wife are told to dwell in the Garden and eat freely, but not
    to come near a specific tree.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:21
  text: Satan makes them slip from the Garden condition, leading to banishment and
    descent to earth with enmity and temporary provision.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:22
  text: Adam learns words of prayer from his Lord, and God turns to him mercifully.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:23
  text: Future guidance is promised; those who follow it will have no fear or grief,
    while those who deny signs will remain inmates of the fire.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / Lord
  description: The divine speaker and actor who guides, seals, chastises, creates,
    provides, judges, teaches Adam, commands angels, and turns mercifully to Adam.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: guided believers / faithful
  description: Those guided by their Lord and those who believe and do right; they
    receive security and garden reward.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:12
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: infidels / unbelievers / deniers of signs
  description: Those who will not believe, are warned of chastisement and fire, and
    are contrasted with believers.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:12
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: hypocritical speakers
  description: People who say they believe but are not believers, deceive themselves,
    cause disorder, and mock the faithful.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: their Satans
  description: Figures with whom the hypocritical speakers privately say they side.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: men of Mecca
  description: The addressed human audience told to adore their Lord and not give
    peers to God.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: angels
  description: Heavenly beings who speak with God, acknowledge limited knowledge,
    and bow to Adam when commanded.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Adam
  description: The one taught the names of all things, asked to inform the angels,
    placed in the Garden, warned about the tree, made to slip, and later taught words
    of prayer.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Adam’s wife
  description: Adam’s companion in the Garden, included in the command to dwell, eat,
    avoid the tree, and descend after the slip.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Eblis
  description: The exception among those commanded to bow to Adam; he refuses, becomes
    proud, and is counted among unbelievers.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Satan
  description: The figure who makes Adam and his wife slip from the Garden condition
    and causes their banishment.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine creator, judge, teacher, and guide
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God creates, provides, judges with reward and fire, teaches Adam, commands
    angels, and gives guidance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
- id: role:2
  label: guided righteous recipients of reward
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The guided fare well; those who believe and do right receive gardens and
    security from fear and grief.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:12
- id: role:3
  label: unbelieving recipients of punishment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Infidels are sealed, warned of chastisement, and associated with the fire
    prepared for unbelievers and deniers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:12
- id: role:4
  label: false believers and disorder-makers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: They profess belief without believing, deceive, cause disorder, and mock
    the faithful.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: private allies of hypocritical speakers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The hypocritical speakers say privately to their Satans that they hold with
    them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:6
  label: human addressees called to worship
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: They are directly commanded to adore the Lord who created and sustains them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: angelic interlocutors and obedient worshippers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: They question God about the earthly appointee, confess limited knowledge,
    and bow to Adam.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: role:8
  label: name-knower, garden inhabitant, penitent human figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Adam is taught names, demonstrates them to angels, dwells in the Garden,
    slips, descends, and learns prayer.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: role:9
  label: garden companion of Adam
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: She dwells with Adam in the Garden, is included in the food permission and
    tree prohibition, and descends with him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:10
  label: proud refuser of divine command
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Eblis refuses to bow, swells with pride, and becomes one of the unbelievers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:11
  label: tempter or slip-causer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Satan makes Adam and his wife slip, causing banishment from their place.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: fire
  literal_form: Kindled fire in a parable; punitive fire prepared for infidels and
    deniers.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:12
- id: sym:2
  label: lost light and darkness
  literal_form: Light from a fire removed by God, leaving people unable to see in
    darkness.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: storm-cloud, thunder, and lightning
  literal_form: A storm-cloud from heaven with darkness, thunder, and lightning, producing
    fear and intermittent movement.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: water from heaven and rivers
  literal_form: Water sent down from heaven producing fruits; rivers flowing beneath
    gardens.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: garden
  literal_form: Reward gardens with rivers and the Garden where Adam and his wife
    dwell.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:11
- id: sym:6
  label: tree
  literal_form: The tree Adam and his wife are commanded not to approach.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: sym:7
  label: covenant
  literal_form: The covenant of God that the wicked violate after its establishment.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: names of all things
  literal_form: Names taught by God to Adam and then declared by Adam before the angels.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:9
  label: seven heavens
  literal_form: The heaven fashioned into seven heavens.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:10
  label: gnat parable-object
  literal_form: A gnat used as an allowable divine instance in parable.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Guidance, unbelief, and hypocrisy
  summary: The passage contrasts the guided with infidels whose senses are sealed
    and with speakers who falsely claim belief, cause disorder, and mock the faithful.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Parables of lost light and storm-darkness
  summary: The hypocritical or unbelieving condition is illustrated through a fire
    whose light is removed and a storm in which thunder, lightning, and darkness terrify
    and halt people.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Call to worship and eschatological alternatives
  summary: The addressed people are told to worship the Creator and warned of fire
    if they cannot meet the challenge of producing a like Sura, while righteous believers
    are promised gardens with rivers and fruit.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Parable, covenant violation, death-life sequence, and cosmic creation
  summary: God’s use of parable is defended; the wicked are described as covenant-breakers;
    the passage states a sequence of death, life, death, restoration, and return to
    God, and describes creation of earth and seven heavens.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Appointment of Adam and teaching of names
  summary: God announces to the angels an earthly appointee, teaches Adam the names
    of all things, and has Adam demonstrate knowledge the angels lack.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:6
  label: Angelic bowing and Eblis’s refusal
  summary: The angels are commanded to bow to Adam; all comply except Eblis, who refuses
    in pride and becomes one of the unbelievers.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: scene:7
  label: Garden prohibition, slip, descent, repentance, and guidance
  summary: Adam and his wife are placed in the Garden with a tree prohibition; Satan
    makes them slip, they descend to earth, Adam learns prayer, and later guidance
    distinguishes those without fear from inmates of the fire.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine judgment separating guided believers from unbelievers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage repeatedly contrasts guided believers with infidels or deniers
    assigned chastisement and fire, and promises gardens and security to those who
    believe and follow guidance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:12
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a broad theological pattern rather than a single narrative episode.
- id: motif:2
  label: covenant violation and loss
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: The wicked are explicitly described as violating God’s covenant after its
    establishment and as suffering loss.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not narrate the original establishment of the covenant
    in detail.
- id: motif:3
  label: death, restoration to life, and return to God
  taxonomy_refs:
  - death_rebirth
  - resurrection
  - return
  basis: 'The passage states a sequence: dead, given life, caused to die, restored
    to life, and returned to God.'
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The language is doctrinal and sequential, not an extended journey narrative.
- id: motif:4
  label: divine wisdom shown through Adam’s knowledge of names
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: God teaches Adam the names of all things; the angels confess limited knowledge;
    Adam informs them of the names.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes God-given knowledge rather than autonomous human
    discovery.
- id: motif:5
  label: prohibited tree and transgression boundary
  taxonomy_refs:
  - forbidden_knowledge
  basis: Adam and his wife may eat freely in the Garden but are forbidden to approach
    a particular tree; Satan then causes them to slip.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The tree is prohibited, but the passage does not explicitly call it a
    tree of knowledge; the taxonomy match is therefore approximate.
- id: motif:6
  label: descent or departure from paradise to earth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: After the slip, Adam and his wife are banished from the Garden condition
    and told to get down to earth, where there will be dwelling and provision for
    a time.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames the movement as divine command and banishment rather
    than a voluntary quest departure.
- id: motif:7
  label: tempter crossing a sacred boundary
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: Satan causes Adam and his wife to slip in relation to the prohibited tree,
    resulting in their banishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Satan functions as a tempter here; the passage does not present a full
    trickster profile.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18733-18740
  quote_or_summary: The guided are said to fare well; infidels will not believe whether
    warned or not, and God seals their hearts and ears and covers their eyes, with
    severe chastisement for them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18741-18765
  quote_or_summary: Some say they believe but are not believers; they deceive themselves,
    have diseased hearts, cause disorder while claiming to set things right, mock
    the faithful, and privately say to their Satans that they side with them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18766-18783
  quote_or_summary: Parables describe one who kindles a fire before God removes the
    light, and people in a storm-cloud with darkness, thunder, and lightning who fear
    death and halt when darkness closes on them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18784-18791
  quote_or_summary: The men of Mecca are called to adore the Creator, who made earth
    a bed, heaven a covering, and sent water from heaven to bring forth fruits for
    sustenance.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18792-18806
  quote_or_summary: Doubters are challenged to produce a Sura like the revelation;
    if they cannot, they are to fear the fire prepared for infidels, while believers
    who do right are promised gardens with rivers, fruit, pure wives, and eternal
    abiding.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18807-18817
  quote_or_summary: God may set forth the instance of a gnat or nobler object; parables
    guide many and mislead the wicked, who violate God’s covenant, cut what God commanded
    joined, and act disorderly on earth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18818-18823
  quote_or_summary: The passage asks how people can withhold faith when they were
    dead and God gave life, will cause death, restore life, and receive their return;
    God created all on earth and fashioned heaven into seven heavens.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18824-18829
  quote_or_summary: God tells the angels He will place one in His stead on earth;
    they ask whether He will place there one who will do ill and shed blood while
    they praise and extol Him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18830-18842
  quote_or_summary: God teaches Adam the names of all things, asks the angels to name
    them if wise, the angels confess knowledge only from God, and Adam informs them
    of the names.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18843-18846
  quote_or_summary: God commands the angels to bow down and worship Adam; all do so
    except Eblis, who refuses, swells with pride, and becomes one of the unbelievers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18847-18858
  quote_or_summary: Adam and his wife are told to dwell in the Garden and eat freely
    but not approach a tree; Satan makes them slip, they are banished and told to
    descend to earth with enmity and provision for a time; Adam learns words of prayer
    and God turns to him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 18859-18863
  quote_or_summary: God says guidance will come; whoever follows it will have no fear
    or grief, while those who disbelieve and treat signs as falsehoods will be inmates
    of the fire forever.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is strong for the supplied passage. Motif candidates are
    limited to taxonomy items directly or closely supported by the text; no external
    comparison claims are made.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
  Used only supplied passage text and metadata. Eblis and Satan are recorded separately because the passage names them in separate clauses and their identity is not explicitly explained within the passage.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l18733-l18863
  passage_sha256=f60a87aee1a1bcb6bc90534e88b5b774e8b6c0ecbe52fe47ec2225a6b54e6bc8