Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l18329-l18469

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l18329-l18469

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l18329-l18469
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
  label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
    PREFACE; lines 18329-18469
  start: '18329'
  end: '18469'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: No soul shall labour but for itself; and no burdened one shall bear another's
    burden.
  summary: The passage warns of the coming of divine signs and judgment, rejects sectarian
    division, states proportional recompense for good and evil deeds, affirms guidance
    into Abraham's monotheistic creed, declares worship and life and death to belong
    to God alone, asserts individual accountability and return to God, and describes
    humanity as successors on earth tested by divine gifts. Translator notes add explanations
    and comparisons, including divine judgment by angels, a possible ladder-ascent
    allusion, and a comparative Abraham narrative involving fire and water.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The text asks what the people await except the coming of angels, the Lord,
    or signs of the Lord; when some signs come, faith will not profit a soul that
    did not believe before or do good works through faith.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Those who split up their religion and become sects are said to have their
    affair with God, who will later tell them what they have done.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: A person presenting good works receives a tenfold reward, while one presenting
    evil works receives only a like punishment, without unjust treatment.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The speaker says the Lord has guided him into a straight path, identified
    with the true religion and the creed of Abraham, who did not associate other gods
    with God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The speaker declares that prayers, worship, life, and death are for God, Lord
    of the Worlds, who has no associate.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: The text states that no soul labours except for itself, no burdened one bears
    another's burden, and all will return to the Lord, who will declare the matters
    about which they differed.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: God is said to have made people successors of others on earth and to have
    raised some above others in grades in order to test them by gifts.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: A translator note explains that, if the angels came, the opportunity for prophetic
    warnings and repentance would end and the angels would execute divine judgments.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: A translator note says certain passages may allude to a ladder in a tower
    by which Wacih ben Salamah professed to mount up to God and receive divine oracles.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: A translator note compares a narrative in which Abraham is given by his idolatrous
    father to Nimrod and argues successively against worship of fire, water, clouds,
    wind, and man before being thrown into a furnace.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / the Lord
  description: The Lord whose signs may come, who judges deeds, guides, has no associate,
    receives return, tests people by gifts, and is swift to punish yet gracious and
    merciful.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Beings whose coming is mentioned; the translator note says they would
    execute divine judgments.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Addressed people / souls
  description: Those addressed as waiting, accountable for faith and works, unable
    to bear another's burden, and returning to the Lord.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Those who split up their religion
  description: People described as becoming sects, with their affair left to God.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Commanded speaker
  description: The speaker of the repeated declarations, saying he is guided, commanded,
    and first of the Muslims.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Abraham
  description: Named as the exemplar of a sound creed and as one who was not among
    those who join gods with God; translator note also describes a comparative Abraham
    narrative.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:10
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Nimrod
  description: Named in the translator note as the figure to whom Abraham is given
    in a comparative narrative.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Wacih ben Salamah
  description: Named in a translator note as an ancient doorkeeper of the Caaba who
    professed to mount up to God by a ladder in a tower and receive divine oracles.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God recompenses good and evil works, declares disputed matters, and is swift
    to punish.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:2
  label: sole lord without associate
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The speaker declares God to be Lord of the Worlds and says He has no associate.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: tester and giver of earthly rank
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God makes people successors on earth, raises some in grades, and tests them
    by gifts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: agents of judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: A note explains that the angels would execute divine judgments.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:5
  label: accountable recipients
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  basis: People and souls are evaluated by faith, works, sectarian division, and individual
    burdens.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: monotheistic declarant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The speaker declares guidance, worship, life, death, and obedience to God
    alone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: monotheistic exemplar
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Abraham is associated with the sound creed and refusal to join gods with
    God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: opposing ruler in comparative note
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The translator note places Nimrod in opposition to Abraham in the compared
    narrative.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:9
  label: claimed ascender to God
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The translator note says Wacih professed to mount up to God by a ladder and
    receive divine oracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Lord's signs
  literal_form: signs of the Lord coming to pass
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: straight path
  literal_form: straight path
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: burden of accountability
  literal_form: burden borne by a burdened one
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: fire in Abraham comparison
  literal_form: fire and furnace
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:5
  label: water in Abraham comparison
  literal_form: water that puts out fire
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:6
  label: ladder and tower ascent device
  literal_form: ladder set up in a tower
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Waiting for divine signs
  summary: The passage frames the people as waiting for angels, the Lord, or signs;
    when signs come, prior unbelief and lack of good works cannot be remedied.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
- id: scene:2
  label: Sectarian division referred to God
  summary: Those who divide religion into sects are separated from the speaker's concern,
    and their affair is left to God for later disclosure.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Recompense of deeds
  summary: Good works receive tenfold reward, evil works receive equivalent punishment,
    and no injustice is done.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Monotheistic confession on Abraham's path
  summary: The commanded speaker declares guidance into the straight path, Abraham's
    creed, and dedication of prayer, worship, life, and death to God alone.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Individual burden and return to God
  summary: Each soul labours for itself, no one bears another's burden, and all return
    to the Lord, who resolves their disputes.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Earthly succession and testing by gifts
  summary: God makes people successors on earth, differentiates them by grades, and
    tests them through gifts while being both punishing and merciful.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:7
  label: Translator note on ladder ascent
  summary: A note reports a possible allusion to Wacih ben Salamah's ladder in a tower,
    by which he claimed to mount up to God and receive oracles.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:8
  label: Translator note on Abraham and elemental worship
  summary: A note compares an Abraham narrative in which Abraham rejects worship of
    fire, water, clouds, wind, and man and is thrown into a furnace.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine judgment and recompense of deeds
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage describes divine signs, angels executing judgment in a note,
    tenfold reward for good works, equivalent punishment for evil works, and God's
    later declaration of disputed matters.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is doctrinal and exhortative rather than narrative in form.
- id: motif:2
  label: Return to the Lord for final accountability
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The text says all return to the Lord, no soul bears another's burden, and
    God will declare the matters of difference.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not present a detailed journey map or sequence beyond
    return and declaration.
- id: motif:3
  label: Straight path of monotheistic guidance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The speaker says the Lord has guided him into a straight path, the true religion
    and creed of Abraham, and rejects associating other gods with God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference to wisdom is broad; the passage's explicit language
    is guidance and monotheistic confession.
- id: motif:4
  label: Human stewardship or succession as a divine test
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The text says God made people successors on earth, raised some above others
    in grades, and tests them by gifts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names this motif.
- id: motif:5
  label: Ascent to God by ladder or tower for oracles
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ascent
  basis: A translator note says a passage may allude to Wacih ben Salamah's ladder
    in a tower, by which he professed to mount up to God and receive divine oracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: low
  cautions: This is a tentative translator note and not part of the main Quranic excerpt
    in this line range.
- id: motif:6
  label: Abraham rejects elemental worship
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: A translator note compares a narrative where Abraham argues against worship
    of fire, water, clouds, wind, and man before being thrown into a furnace.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The motif is present in the translator's comparative note, not directly
    in the main Quranic verses shown here.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The translator explicitly compares an Abraham narrative in Midrash Rabbah
    on Genesis with the note's account of Abraham confronting idolatry through a sequence
    involving fire, water, clouds, wind, man, and the furnace.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Midr. Rabbah on Genesis, par. 17, Abraham-Nimrod elemental worship narrative
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison is supplied by Rodwell's note; the main Quranic lines
    in this excerpt only mention Abraham's creed and do not narrate the episode.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The translator cautiously proposes that certain passages may allude to a
    local Caaba-related ladder-ascent tradition involving Wacih ben Salamah mounting
    toward God to receive oracles.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Wacih ben Salamah ladder/tower ascent to God tradition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: The note itself is tentative ('may allude'), and the immediate Quranic
    excerpt here does not narrate the ascent.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: 18329-18332
  quote_or_summary: The passage asks whether they wait for angels, the Lord, or signs
    of the Lord; when signs come, faith will not profit one who did not believe before
    or do good works through faith.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized with brief wording.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 18334-18335
  quote_or_summary: Those who split up their religion and become sects are said to
    have their affair with God, who will tell them what they have done.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 18337-18339
  quote_or_summary: Good works receive tenfold reward; evil works receive only a like
    punishment; people are not treated unjustly.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: 18341-18343
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says the Lord guided him into a straight path, the
    true religion and creed of Abraham, who did not join gods with God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized with short quoted
    phrase.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 18344-18345
  quote_or_summary: The speaker declares prayers, worship, life, and death are unto
    God, Lord of the Worlds, who has no associate, and says he is commanded and first
    of the Muslims.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: 18347-18350
  quote_or_summary: The passage says no soul labours except for itself, no burdened
    one bears another's burden, and all return to the Lord, who will declare what
    they differed about.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized with short quoted
    phrase used in canonical text.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 18352-18355
  quote_or_summary: God made people successors of others on earth, raised some above
    others by grades to prove them by gifts, and is swift to punish yet gracious and
    merciful.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: note 1 within 18357-18360
  quote_or_summary: The translator note explains that, without opportunity for warning
    and repentance, angels would execute divine judgments.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: note 8 within 18375-18378
  quote_or_summary: The translator note says some passages may allude to Wacih ben
    Salamah's ladder in a tower, by which he professed to mount up to God and receive
    divine oracles.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: note 18 within 18400-18412
  quote_or_summary: The translator note compares a Midrash Rabbah narrative where
    Abraham is given to Nimrod, rejects worship of fire, water, clouds, wind, and
    man, and is thrown into a furnace.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Main Quranic material is clear for judgment, accountability, return, and
    monotheistic guidance. Claims based on translator notes are more tentative and
    should be reviewed separately from claims about the Quranic passage itself.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage text, source metadata, and available taxonomy references. No external taxonomy IDs were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l18329-l18469
  passage_sha256=e54e4715ae070e744b7cd10377d74417a5e739ab6913106d081a9eb566fe6ef5