batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l17977-l18094
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l17977-l18094
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
PREFACE; lines 17977-18094
start: '17977'
end: '18094'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage recounts Abraham's rejection of star, moon, and sun as lords
when each sets; his turn toward the creator of heaven and earth; dispute with
his people; a list of guided prophetic figures; assertions about scripture, wisdom,
prophecy, revelation, and warning; a death-judgment scene for the ungodly; signs
of divine power in grain, dawn, celestial bodies, human origin, rain, and fruit;
rejection of associating partners, Djinn, sons, or daughters with God; and statements
about divine knowledge, vision, and signs.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Abraham sees a star during the night and calls it his Lord, then rejects it
when it sets.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Abraham similarly sees the moon and the sun arise, then rejects each when
it sets.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Abraham turns his face toward the one who created the Heavens and the Earth
and denies adding gods to God.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Abraham's people dispute with him about God, and he says God has guided him.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: The passage states that those who believe and do not clothe faith with error
have safety and guidance.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: The passage lists Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Noah, David, Solomon, Job, Joseph,
Moses, Aaron, Zachariah, John, Jesus, Elias, Ismael, Elisha, Jonas, and Lot among
guided or favored figures.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: The passage says selected figures were given Scripture, Wisdom, and Prophecy.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: The passage refers to the Book brought by Moses as light and guidance to man.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: The passage describes a blessed Book sent down that confirms what was before
it and warns a mother-city and those around it.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:10
text: The passage condemns one who lies about God, claims revelation without revelation,
or claims ability to bring down a book like God's book.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:11
text: At death, angels reach forth their hands and command the ungodly to yield
up their souls for humiliating punishment.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: The judged are told they have returned alone as first created and have left
behind their goods and supposed intercessors.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:13
text: God is said to cause grain and the date stone to put forth and to bring the
living from the dead and the dead from the living.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:14
text: God is said to ordain dawn, night for rest, sun and moon for computing time,
and stars for guidance in darkness on land and sea.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: obs:15
text: God sends down rain from Heaven, and plants, grain, palms, grapes, olives,
and pomegranates are brought forth by it.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: obs:16
text: The passage says people assigned Djinn as associates to God and falsely ascribed
sons and daughters to Him.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: obs:17
text: God is described as sole maker of the Heavens and Earth, creator of all things,
without consort, and beyond being taken in by vision.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Abraham
description: A guided figure who observes celestial bodies, rejects them as lords
when they set, turns to the creator, and argues with his people.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Abraham's people
description: The people who dispute with Abraham and are addressed concerning joining
gods with God.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: God / Lord
description: The creator, guide, giver of scripture and wisdom, maker of natural
signs, and judge over souls.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:9
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:13
- ev:15
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Guided prophetic figures
description: A group of named figures including Isaac, Jacob, Noah, David, Solomon,
Job, Joseph, Moses, Aaron, Zachariah, John, Jesus, Elias, Ismael, Elisha, Jonas,
and Lot, described as guided, just, favored, chosen, or recipients of scripture,
wisdom, and prophecy.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Moses
description: A named guided figure associated with a Book described as light and
guidance to man.
role_refs:
- role:7
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:6
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Angels
description: Beings who reach forth their hands to the ungodly at death and command
them to yield up their souls.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Ungodly / false claimants
description: Those described as lying about God, claiming unrevealed revelation,
rejecting signs, and receiving humiliating punishment at death.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Djinn
description: Beings whom some people assigned to God as associates, though the passage
says God created them.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
roles:
- id: role:1
label: celestial examiner
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Abraham observes star, moon, and sun and evaluates them as they set.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: guided monotheistic disputant
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Abraham turns to the creator and disputes with his people after being guided.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:3
label: disputing associators
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: They dispute with Abraham and are associated with joining deities with God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:4
label: creator
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: God is said to have created the Heavens and Earth and all things.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:15
- id: role:5
label: guide and giver of wisdom
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: God guides whom He will and gives Scripture, Wisdom, and Prophecy.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:6
label: judge at death
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The ungodly are recompensed with punishment and return alone to God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: role:7
label: guided righteous recipients
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:5
basis: The named figures are described as guided, just, favored, chosen, or recipients
of divine gifts.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:8
label: book bearer
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Moses is associated with a Book described as light and guidance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:9
label: soul-taking agents
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Angels reach forth their hands and command the ungodly to yield their souls.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: role:10
label: judged rejecters
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: They make false claims about revelation, reject signs, and are punished at
death.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: role:11
label: falsely assigned associates
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Djinn are assigned to God as associates by others, though God created them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: star
literal_form: A star seen by Abraham at night that sets.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: moon
literal_form: The moon seen rising by Abraham and then setting.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:3
label: sun
literal_form: The sun seen rising by Abraham, called greatest, and then setting.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:4
label: turned face
literal_form: Abraham turns his face toward the creator of the Heavens and Earth.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:5
label: Book / Scripture
literal_form: The Book of Moses and the blessed Book sent down as guidance, light,
confirmation, and warning.
associated_figures:
- fig:3
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: sym:6
label: floods of death
literal_form: The ungodly are described as being in the floods of death when angels
command them to yield their souls.
associated_figures:
- fig:6
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:7
label: grain and date stone
literal_form: Grain and the date stone are caused by God to put forth.
associated_figures:
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: sym:8
label: dawn, night, sun, moon, and stars
literal_form: Dawn, night, sun, moon, and stars are ordained for rest, computing
time, and guidance in darkness.
associated_figures:
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: sym:9
label: rain from Heaven
literal_form: Rain sent down from Heaven by which plants and fruits are brought
forth.
associated_figures:
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: sym:10
label: vision and blindness
literal_form: No vision takes in God; proofs may be seen, and whoever is blind to
them suffers loss.
associated_figures:
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
- ev:16
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Abraham tests celestial bodies
summary: At night and then at moonrise and sunrise, Abraham identifies star, moon,
and sun as Lord but rejects each after it sets.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Abraham turns to the creator and disputes with his people
summary: Abraham turns toward the creator of the Heavens and Earth, rejects adding
gods to God, and argues with his people about God and safety.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Guided lineage and prophetic gifts
summary: The passage names a chain of guided or favored figures and states that
they were given Scripture, Wisdom, and Prophecy.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Books as guidance and warning
summary: The Book brought by Moses is described as light and guidance, and the blessed
Book sent down confirms prior revelation and warns a central city and its surroundings.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:5
label: False revelation and death judgment
summary: False claimants about revelation are condemned; at death angels command
the ungodly to yield their souls, and they are told they return alone without
goods or intercessors.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: scene:6
label: Natural signs of divine ordering
summary: God is said to bring forth grain and dates, living and dead, dawn, night,
sun, moon, stars, rain, plants, and fruits as signs for people who know, perceive,
or believe.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:7
- sym:8
- sym:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:13
- id: scene:7
label: Rejection of divine associates and offspring
summary: The passage rejects assigning Djinn, sons, daughters, or any consort to
God and affirms God as sole creator and object of worship.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:8
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- ev:15
- id: scene:8
label: Sight, signs, and understanding
summary: The passage states that God is not encompassed by vision but encompasses
all vision, and that visible proofs and varied signs have come for people of understanding.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
- ev:16
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: celestial bodies rejected as inadequate divinities
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: Abraham observes star, moon, and sun, rejects each when it sets, and then
turns to the creator; the passage frames this as reasoning furnished to him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage presents reasoning and guidance
rather than a named wisdom tale category.
- id: motif:2
label: divine guidance through prophetic lineage
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: A succession of named figures is described as guided, chosen, favored, or
given Scripture, Wisdom, and Prophecy.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: No covenant formula is stated in this passage, so a covenant motif is
not assigned.
- id: motif:3
label: revealed book as light, guidance, confirmation, and warning
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: Moses' Book is called light and guidance, while the sent-down Book is blessed,
confirms what came before, and warns a city and surrounding people.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: The passage supports a wisdom/guidance motif, not a specific book-descent
taxonomy beyond the provided list.
- id: motif:4
label: death judgment and solitary return
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The ungodly at death are addressed by angels, punished for false sayings
and rejection of signs, and told they return alone without goods or intercessors.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: The passage gives a judgment-at-death scene, but does not provide a detailed
afterlife journey map.
- id: motif:5
label: life from death and death from life as divine sign
taxonomy_refs:
- resurrection
- death_rebirth
basis: God is said to bring living from dead and dead from living, in the context
of grain and date stone putting forth.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
confidence: medium
cautions: The immediate examples are natural growth and generation; broader resurrection
interpretation should be reviewed.
- id: motif:6
label: rain-fed fertility as sign
taxonomy_refs:
- seasonal_cycle
basis: Rain from Heaven produces plants, grain, palms, grapes, olives, and pomegranates,
whose fruiting and ripening are signs.
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage emphasizes divine signs rather than explicitly narrating a
seasonal cycle.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage explicitly aligns Moses' Book and the sent-down blessed Book
as revelations serving guidance, light, confirmation, and warning functions.
claim_level: same_function
target: Moses' Book and the blessed Book sent down in this passage
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This is an internal comparison within the passage; it does not establish
historical contact beyond the passage's own claims.
- id: claim:2
claim: The named figures share the function of divinely guided exemplars whose guidance
is to be followed.
claim_level: same_function
target: Abraham, Noah, Moses, and the other named guided figures in the passage
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The passage groups them by guidance and favor but gives little individual
narrative detail for most figures.
- id: claim:3
claim: The natural phenomena of celestial order, plant growth, rain, and fruiting
are presented together as signs for knowledge, insight, or belief.
claim_level: same_function
target: 'Natural signs in the passage: dawn, night, sun, moon, stars, rain, plants,
and fruits'
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:13
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The comparison is thematic and internal to the passage, not a claim
about cross-cultural recurrence.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; opening Abraham celestial sequence
quote_or_summary: Abraham sees a star, moon, and sun; each sets, and he rejects
gods that set.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: lines 17977-18094; Abraham's declaration
quote_or_summary: '"I turn my face to him who hath created the Heavens and the Earth"
and denies adding gods to God.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; dispute with Abraham's people
quote_or_summary: Abraham's people dispute with him; he says God has guided him
and asks which party is more worthy of safety; believers without error are guided.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; guided figures list
quote_or_summary: The passage names Isaac, Jacob, Noah, David, Solomon, Job, Joseph,
Moses, Aaron, Zachariah, John, Jesus, Elias, Ismael, Elisha, Jonas, Lot, and others
as guided, just, favored, or chosen.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: quote
locator: lines 17977-18094; prophetic gifts
quote_or_summary: '"These are they to whom we gave the Scripture and Wisdom and
Prophecy."'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; Book of Moses
quote_or_summary: The passage asks who sent down the Book Moses brought, described
as light and guidance to man.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; blessed Book
quote_or_summary: A blessed Book sent down confirms what was before it and warns
the mother-city and those around it.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; false revelation claims
quote_or_summary: The passage condemns devising a lie about God, claiming revelation
when none was revealed, and claiming to bring down a book like God's book.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: quote
locator: lines 17977-18094; death scene
quote_or_summary: Angels reach forth their hands and say, "Yield up your souls,"
with humiliating punishment for untrue sayings and rejecting signs.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; solitary return
quote_or_summary: The judged return alone as first created, leaving goods and supposed
intercessors behind; their partners have deserted them.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; grain and living/dead
quote_or_summary: God causes grain and the date stone to put forth and brings living
from dead and dead from living.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; celestial order
quote_or_summary: God causes dawn, ordains night for rest, sun and moon for computing
time, and stars for guidance in darkness on land and sea.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; rain and plants
quote_or_summary: Rain from Heaven brings forth buds, foliage, grain, palms, grapes,
olives, and pomegranates, whose fruiting and ripening are signs.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:14
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; Djinn and offspring claims
quote_or_summary: The passage says people assigned Djinn to God as associates and
falsely ascribed sons and daughters to Him.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:15
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; divine uniqueness and vision
quote_or_summary: God is sole maker of Heavens and Earth, has no consort or son,
created everything, watches over all things, and is not taken in by vision though
He takes in all vision.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:16
type: summary
locator: lines 17977-18094; proofs and signs
quote_or_summary: Visible proofs have come from the Lord; seeing benefits the seer,
blindness brings loss, and signs are made clear to people of understanding.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Literal extraction is well supported by the supplied passage. Motif taxonomy
assignments are cautious because the available taxonomy is broad and the passage
is primarily theological and exhortative.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
Only the provided passage and metadata were used. No external Qur'anic verse numbering or traditional commentary has been added.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l17977-l18094
passage_sha256=db09b3403c1b0cefa2e223c7a986ff6243c4d7b581450e28f9928aff9a3ee648