Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l1313-l1435

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l1313-l1435

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l1313-l1435
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
  label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
    PREFACE; lines 1313-1435
  start: '1313'
  end: '1435'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A note recounts a tradition of Muhammad seeing Gabriel between heaven and
    earth and being wrapped in a mantle. Sura LXXIII addresses the enfolded one, commands
    night prayer and measured recitation, warns of punishment and cosmic disruption
    on the coming day, compares the present apostolic warning to an apostle sent to
    Pharaoh, and closes with moderated obligations of recitation, prayer, alms, good
    works, and seeking forgiveness.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A tradition in the note says Muhammad wandered in hills near Mecca while troubled
    by doubts and anxiety after truth.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The note says Muhammad had a vision of the Angel Gabriel seated on a throne
    between heaven and earth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The note says Muhammad ran to his wife Chadijah in alarm and asked her to
    wrap him in his mantle.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The sura addresses one enfolded in a mantle and commands him to stand for
    prayer during most of the night and intone the Koran in measured tone.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The speaker says weighty words will be devolved upon the addressed figure.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Night is described as a time when devout impressions are strongest and words
    are most collected.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The addressed figure is instructed to commemorate the Lord's name, devote
    himself entirely, take God as protector, endure opponents' speech, and depart
    from them decorously.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage threatens gainsayers with strong fetters, flaming fire, choking
    food, and sore torment.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: A coming day is described when the earth and mountains are shaken and the
    mountains become a loose sand heap.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:10
  text: The passage says an Apostle has been sent as a witness against the addressees,
    as an Apostle was sent to Pharaoh.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:11
  text: Pharaoh is said to have rebelled against the Apostle and to have been seized
    with severe chastisement.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:12
  text: The day is described as turning children greyheaded and rending heaven asunder.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:13
  text: The final verse says God knows the varying portions of night prayer performed
    by the addressed figure and some followers, and allows them to recite as much
    of the Koran as is easy.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:14
  text: The final verse names sick people, travelers seeking God's bounty, and fighters
    in God's cause as circumstances among the community.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:15
  text: The final verse commands prayer, legal alms, lending God a liberal loan, sending
    good works ahead, and seeking God's forgiveness.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / Lord
  description: The divine speaker and Lord of the East and West, described as protector,
    measurer of night and day, forgiving, and merciful.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: The enfolded one
  description: The one addressed as enfolded in a mantle and commanded to pray at
    night and recite the Koran; the note identifies this figure as Muhammad.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Angel Gabriel
  description: In the note's tradition, Gabriel appears seated on a throne between
    heaven and earth and later comes down to address Muhammad.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Chadijah
  description: Muhammad's wife in the note, to whom he runs in alarm and from whom
    he seeks covering in his mantle.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Gainsayers
  description: Opponents rich in the pleasures of this life, whom God says to leave
    to him while the addressed figure bears with them briefly.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Apostle sent to the addressees
  description: An apostle sent as a witness against the passage's addressees.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Apostle sent to Pharaoh
  description: A prior apostle sent to Pharaoh, against whom Pharaoh rebelled.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Pharaoh
  description: A ruler who rebelled against the Apostle and was seized with severe
    chastisement.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Followers
  description: Part of the community who pray portions of the night and are addressed
    in the moderated command to recite, pray, give alms, and seek forgiveness.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine commander
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God issues commands concerning prayer, recitation, endurance, alms, and seeking
    forgiveness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:12
- id: role:2
  label: divine protector and forgiver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage calls God protector, forgiving, and merciful.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:12
- id: role:3
  label: mantle-covered recipient of command
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The figure is addressed as enfolded in a mantle and commanded to rise for
    night prayer.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: reciter of revelation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The figure is commanded to intone the Koran and is told weighty words will
    be devolved upon him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: visionary angelic messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The note describes Gabriel appearing in a vision and coming down to address
    Muhammad.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:6
  label: protective spouse
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The note describes Muhammad running to Chadijah and asking her to wrap him
    in a mantle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: opponents under threat
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The gainsayers are to be left to God and are followed by threats of fetters,
    fire, choking food, and torment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:8
  label: apostolic witness
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  basis: The passage states that an Apostle was sent as witness against the addressees,
    as an Apostle was sent to Pharaoh.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:9
  label: rebellious ruler under chastisement
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Pharaoh rebelled against the Apostle and was seized with severe chastisement.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:10
  label: praying and reciting community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Some followers pray portions of the night and receive commands about recitation
    and observance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: mantle
  literal_form: garment covering the addressed figure
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: night vigil
  literal_form: standing at night for prayer and recitation
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:11
- id: sym:3
  label: Koran recitation
  literal_form: measured intoning or reciting of the Koran
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:11
- id: sym:4
  label: weighty words
  literal_form: words devolved on the addressed figure
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: fire
  literal_form: flaming fire among threatened punishments
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: fetters
  literal_form: strong fetters among threatened punishments
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: mountains shaken into sand
  literal_form: mountains shaken and becoming a loose sand heap
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:8
  label: heaven reft asunder
  literal_form: heaven split apart by the coming day
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:9
  label: liberal loan to God
  literal_form: a loan to God associated with good works and recompense
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: sym:10
  label: throne between heaven and earth
  literal_form: Gabriel seated on a throne between heaven and earth in the note's
    tradition
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Vision in the hills near Mecca
  summary: The note recounts Muhammad wandering near Mecca, seeing Gabriel on a throne
    between heaven and earth, fleeing to Chadijah in alarm, and being wrapped in a
    mantle before Gabriel descends and addresses him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Command to the enfolded one
  summary: The sura addresses the mantle-covered figure and commands night prayer,
    measured recitation, devotion to God, reliance on God as protector, patience,
    and decorous departure from opponents.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:3
  label: Threat against gainsayers
  summary: God tells the addressed figure to leave the gainsayers to him and describes
    fetters, fire, choking food, and torment prepared with God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:4
  label: Cosmic disruption on the coming day
  summary: The passage describes a day when earth and mountains are shaken, mountains
    become loose sand, children turn greyheaded, and heaven is split apart.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: scene:5
  label: Apostolic warning and Pharaoh's rebellion
  summary: The passage says an apostle has been sent as witness against the addressees,
    as an apostle was sent to Pharaoh; Pharaoh rebelled and was severely chastised.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:6
  label: Moderated communal observance
  summary: God knows the community cannot precisely count the hours of night and permits
    easier recitation while commanding prayer, legal alms, a liberal loan to God,
    good works, and seeking forgiveness.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine judgment with eschatological punishment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage warns gainsayers of fetters, fire, choking food, torment, and
    a coming day of cosmic upheaval and severe chastisement for rebellion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: The extraction identifies a broad motif family; detailed theological interpretation
    is not added.
- id: motif:2
  label: revealed wisdom through disciplined night recitation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The enfolded figure is commanded to pray at night, intone the Koran, and
    receive weighty words, with night described as especially conducive to collected
    speech.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy has only the broad category 'wisdom'; the passage
    itself frames this as recitation and divine words rather than an abstract wisdom
    myth.
- id: motif:3
  label: sacred exchange of good works for divine recompense
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The community is told to lend God a liberal loan and that whatever good works
    they send ahead will be found with God as best and richest in recompense.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage uses loan and recompense language, but not a narrative exchange
    scene.
- id: motif:4
  label: prophetic calling with mantle and angelic vision
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The note recounts Muhammad's alarm after seeing Gabriel between heaven and
    earth, his being wrapped in a mantle, and Gabriel's address; the sura then addresses
    the mantle-covered figure.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This motif is drawn partly from Rodwell's note summarizing tradition,
    not only from the translated sura text.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly parallels the present apostolic witness to a prior
    apostle sent to Pharaoh, with rejection followed by severe chastisement.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Apostle-to-Pharaoh warning pattern
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage does not name the prior apostle or elaborate the wider
    narrative; the claim is limited to the stated functional parallel.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1321-1327
  quote_or_summary: The note says Muhammad, wandering in hills near Mecca in anxiety
    after truth, saw Gabriel seated on a throne between heaven and earth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1327-1332
  quote_or_summary: The note says Muhammad ran to Chadijah in alarm, asked to be enveloped
    in his mantle, and Gabriel then came down and addressed him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verses 1-4; lines 1371-1379
  quote_or_summary: '"O THOU ENFOLDED in thy mantle," followed by commands to stand
    at night for prayer and intone the Koran with measured tone.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief quotation used.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verse 5; line 1381
  quote_or_summary: '"For we shall devolve on thee weighty words."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief quotation used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verse 6; lines 1383-1384
  quote_or_summary: Night is described as the time when devout impressions are strongest
    and words are most collected.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verses 7-10; lines 1386-1393
  quote_or_summary: The addressed figure is told to commemorate the Lord, devote himself
    wholly, take the Lord of East and West as protector, endure hostile speech, and
    depart decorously.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verses 11-13; lines 1395-1401
  quote_or_summary: God says to leave the wealthy gainsayers to him briefly; with
    God are strong fetters, flaming fire, choking food, and sore torment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verse 14; lines 1403-1404
  quote_or_summary: The day comes when earth and mountains are shaken and the mountains
    become a loose sand heap.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verses 15-16; lines 1406-1410
  quote_or_summary: An Apostle has been sent as witness against the addressees as
    an Apostle was sent to Pharaoh; Pharaoh rebelled and was seized with severe chastisement.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verses 17-18; lines 1412-1415
  quote_or_summary: The day is described as turning children greyheaded and rending
    heaven asunder; the threat will be carried out.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verse 20; lines 1419-1428
  quote_or_summary: God knows the addressed figure and some followers pray portions
    of the night; God measures night and day, knows they cannot count the hours exactly,
    and permits reciting as much of the Koran as is easy, including for the sick,
    travelers, and fighters.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: Sura LXXIII, verse 20; lines 1429-1434
  quote_or_summary: The community is told to observe prayers, pay legal alms, lend
    God a liberal loan, send good works ahead, and seek God's forgiveness; God is
    forgiving and merciful.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Core figures and scenes are explicit in the passage. Motif labels are limited
    to available taxonomy and broad candidate categories. The prophetic vision scene
    relies on the translator's note within the supplied passage.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  JSON generated from the supplied line range only; no external identifications were added beyond the passage's own wording.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l1313-l1435
  passage_sha256=2041d1d0ed38a1b7d9cad6e41d2d820a10f2d0d05b648b549d198a62c1d33250