Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l12498-l12640

batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l12498-l12640

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg-l12498-l12640
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
passage_locator:
  label: PUBLIC SERVICES, / AND EMINENT LITERARY ATTAINMENTS, / THE TRANSLATOR. /
    PREFACE; lines 12498-12640
  start: '12498'
  end: '12640'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an), Rodwell translation
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage describes God sending winds, clouds, and rain as mercy, reviving
    dead earth as a sign of future resurrection, warning that the unreceptive cannot
    be made to hear or see, describing human life stages, the Hour and the Resurrection,
    rejection of Quranic signs, and Muhammad's call to patience. It then opens Sura
    XI with a divinely wise book, monotheistic warning and pardon, return to God,
    divine knowledge of hidden things, provision for all creatures, creation of heavens
    and earth in six days with the throne upon the waters, denial of resurrection,
    and deferred chastisement.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: God sends winds as glad tidings of rain, causes people to taste mercy, and
    enables ships to sail by His command.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: God uplifts and spreads clouds, breaks them up, and rain issues from their
    midst, bringing joy to selected servants after despair.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The passage presents the quickening of dead earth after rain as a trace of
    God's mercy and says the same God will quicken the dead.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: A destructive blast can turn harvest yellow, after which people show ingratitude.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The addressee cannot make the dead, deaf, or blind hear or be guided; only
    those who believe in the signs are described as hearing.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Human life is described as beginning in weakness, moving to strength, and
    returning to weakness and grey hairs.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: On the day of the Hour, the wicked misstate the duration of their waiting,
    while those given knowledge and faith identify it as the day of Resurrection.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: On that day the wicked person's plea does not avail, and they are not again
    bidden to seek acceptance with God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: The Koran is described as setting every kind of parable before people, while
    infidels dismiss a brought verse as vain speech.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: Muhammad is told to bear patiently because the promise of God is true and
    not to be unsettled by those without firm belief.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: The opening of Sura XI describes a book whose verses are established in wisdom
    and clearly set forth from the Wise and All-informed.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:12
  text: The speaker announces worship of God alone, seeking pardon, turning to Him,
    and fear of chastisement if people turn away.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:13
  text: God is said to know what people conceal and show, including what is in the
    breast.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: obs:14
  text: Every moving thing on earth is said to depend on God for nourishment, and
    its haunts and final resting place are known in a clear Book.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: obs:15
  text: God made the heavens and the earth in six days, and His throne had stood upon
    the waters.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
- id: obs:16
  text: If resurrection after death is proclaimed, infidels call it pure sorcery;
    if chastisement is deferred, they question what keeps it back.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:16
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: Divine actor who sends winds and rain, quickens earth and the dead,
    creates humans, knows hidden things, provides for creatures, creates heavens and
    earth, and judges or chastises.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Muhammad
  description: Named addressee instructed to bear patiently and not be unsettled by
    those lacking firm belief.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Apostles before Muhammad
  description: Earlier apostles sent to their peoples with clear proofs of their mission.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Faithful
  description: Group whom God succoured, described in relation to earlier apostolic
    missions.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Guilty
  description: Group on whom God took vengeance in the context of earlier apostolic
    missions.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Wicked
  description: Those who swear wrongly about their waiting on the day of the Hour
    and whose plea does not avail on that day.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Those given knowledge and faith
  description: Group who identify the day as the day of Resurrection and say the wicked
    waited according to the book of God.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Infidels
  description: Those who reject Quranic verses as vain things and call the proclamation
    of resurrection pure sorcery.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:16
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Every moving thing on earth
  description: Creatures whose nourishment depends on God and whose haunts and final
    resting place are known.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: rain-sender and giver of mercy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God sends winds, clouds, and rain, and rain is described as a means by which
    people taste mercy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: resurrector or quickener
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage says God quickens dead earth and will surely quicken the dead.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: creator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God creates human life stages and made the heavens and the earth in six days.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:15
- id: role:4
  label: knower, provider, and judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God knows what is concealed, provides for moving creatures, and chastisement
    comes from Him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
  - ev:16
- id: role:5
  label: patient prophetic addressee
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Muhammad is directly instructed to bear with patience and remain firm.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:6
  label: messengers with proofs
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Earlier apostles are described as sent to their peoples with clear proofs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
- id: role:7
  label: believers or faithful recipients
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  - fig:7
  basis: The faithful are succoured, and those with knowledge and faith recognize
    the day of Resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:17
- id: role:8
  label: guilty or wicked under judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  basis: God takes vengeance on the guilty, and the wicked have no availing plea on
    the day of Resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:17
- id: role:9
  label: knowledgeable witnesses to resurrection
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: They tell the wicked that their waiting lasted until the day of Resurrection
    according to the book of God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: rejecters of revelation and resurrection
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: They dismiss verses as vain speech and call the proclamation of resurrection
    sorcery.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:16
- id: role:11
  label: dependent creatures
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Their nourishment depends on God, and God knows their places.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: winds announcing rain
  literal_form: winds sent with glad tidings of rain
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: rain as mercy
  literal_form: rain issuing from clouds and poured down on servants
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: dead earth quickened
  literal_form: earth after its death made alive
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: yellowed harvest
  literal_form: harvest turned yellow by a blast
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: sealed hearts
  literal_form: hearts of those devoid of knowledge sealed up
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:6
  label: clear Book
  literal_form: clear Book containing knowledge of creatures' haunts and resting place
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: sym:7
  label: throne upon the waters
  literal_form: God's throne stood upon the waters before or during the making of
    the heavens and earth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Rain sent as mercy and provision
  summary: God sends winds, raises and spreads clouds, breaks them up, and rain descends,
    producing joy after despair and enabling human benefit such as sailing and seeking
    bounty.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Dead earth as sign of resurrection
  summary: The revived earth after rain is presented as a trace of God's mercy and
    as evidence that God will quicken the dead.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Prophets, proofs, faithful, and guilty
  summary: Earlier apostles bring proofs to their peoples; God succours the faithful
    and takes vengeance on the guilty.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
- id: scene:4
  label: Unreceptive hearers and believers
  summary: The addressee cannot make the dead, deaf, or blind hear or be guided; only
    those who believe in the signs are described as hearing.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: The Hour and the day of Resurrection
  summary: The wicked misrepresent the time they waited, but those with knowledge
    and faith identify the day as the day of Resurrection; the wicked person's plea
    does not avail.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: Revelation rejected and prophet exhorted
  summary: Although parables are set forth in the Koran, infidels reject a verse as
    vain; God seals hearts devoid of knowledge, and Muhammad is told to remain patient.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: scene:7
  label: Opening proclamation of Sura XI
  summary: A wise and clearly set forth book calls people to worship God alone, seek
    pardon, and return to Him, with warning of chastisement if they turn away.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: scene:8
  label: Divine omniscience, provision, and creation
  summary: God knows what people conceal and show, provides for every moving thing,
    records or knows their places in a clear Book, and made the heavens and earth
    in six days with His throne upon the waters.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
  - ev:15
- id: scene:9
  label: Denial of resurrection and deferred chastisement
  summary: When resurrection is proclaimed, infidels call it sorcery; when chastisement
    is deferred, they question its delay, but it is said to come upon them with none
    to avert it.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:16
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: rain revives dead earth as sign of resurrection
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: The passage explicitly links rain's revival of dead earth to God's future
    quickening of the dead.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif is expressed as theological argument within the passage, not
    as a narrative journey through the afterlife.
- id: motif:2
  label: divine judgment at the Hour
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The Hour and day of Resurrection are described, with wicked persons' plea
    failing and chastisement warned or deferred.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:16
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives brief eschatological statements rather than an extended
    judgment scene.
- id: motif:3
  label: prophetic warning with rejection of signs
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Earlier apostles bring clear proofs; the Koran sets forth parables; infidels
    reject verses and resurrection claims.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:16
  - ev:17
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy does not include a specific prophecy-or-revelation
    rejection category; wisdom is used only because the passage emphasizes proofs,
    parables, knowledge, and a wise book.
- id: motif:4
  label: creation with divine throne upon waters
  taxonomy_refs:
  - chaos
  basis: The passage says God made the heavens and the earth in six days and that
    His throne stood upon the waters.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The text mentions waters but does not explicitly describe a chaos battle
    or ordering of chaos; the taxonomy reference is therefore tentative.
- id: motif:5
  label: divine provision for all living creatures
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Every moving thing on earth is said to depend on God for nourishment, and
    God knows its places.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied motif-family taxonomy item directly matches providential sustenance.
- id: motif:6
  label: human life cycle from weakness to strength to decline
  taxonomy_refs:
  - seasonal_cycle
  basis: Human life is described as moving from weakness to strength and then back
    to weakness and grey hairs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a human life-cycle statement, not explicitly a seasonal or agricultural
    cycle; taxonomy fit is approximate.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The translator's note reports a comparison in which Talmudists connect God
    as sender of rain with the divine command that causes the dead to arise, matching
    the passage's linkage of rain-revived earth and resurrection by function.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Talmudic application of the rain-sending divine description to resurrection,
    cited in the translator's note as Taanith init.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:18
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage provides this as a translator's note, not as part of the
    Quranic verse itself; no direct Talmudic text is included in the supplied passage.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12498-12501
  quote_or_summary: God sends winds as glad tidings of rain, lets people taste mercy,
    commands ships to sail, and grants bounty so that people may give thanks.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12506-12511
  quote_or_summary: God sends winds, uplifts and spreads clouds, breaks them up, and
    rain issues from them; when rain is poured down on servants, they are joyful after
    despair.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 12513-12515
  quote_or_summary: '"after its death he quickeneth the earth" and "This same God
    will surely quicken the dead"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short quotation.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12517-12518
  quote_or_summary: If God sends a blast and people see their harvest turn yellow,
    they afterwards show themselves ungrateful.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12520-12524
  quote_or_summary: The addressee cannot make the dead, deaf, or blind hear or be
    guided; only believers in the signs will hear.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12526-12528
  quote_or_summary: God creates humans in weakness, gives strength after weakness,
    and then brings weakness and grey hairs after strength.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12530-12536
  quote_or_summary: On the day the Hour arrives, the wicked swear they waited not
    more than an hour; those with knowledge and faith say they waited until the day
    of Resurrection.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12538-12539
  quote_or_summary: On that day the plea of the wicked will not avail, and they will
    not again be bidden to seek acceptance with God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12541-12546
  quote_or_summary: The Koran sets forth every kind of parable; infidels call a verse
    vain speech, and God seals hearts of those without knowledge.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12548-12549
  quote_or_summary: Muhammad is told to bear patiently because God's promise is true
    and not to let those without firm belief unsettle him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12585-12587
  quote_or_summary: Sura XI begins with letter names and describes a book whose verses
    are established in wisdom and clearly set forth from the Wise and All-informed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12589-12594
  quote_or_summary: The proclamation calls for worship of God alone, seeking pardon
    and turning to Him, with promised enjoyments and warning of the chastisement of
    the great day if people turn away.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12598-12603
  quote_or_summary: People fold up their breasts or enshroud themselves, but God knows
    what they conceal and show and the inmost of the breast.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:14
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12605-12606
  quote_or_summary: No moving thing on earth lacks dependence on God for nourishment;
    God knows its haunts and final resting place, and all is in the clear Book.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:15
  type: quote
  locator: lines 12608-12610
  quote_or_summary: '"made the Heavens and the Earth in six days" and "His throne
    had stood ere this upon the waters"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short quotation.
- id: ev:16
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12612-12618
  quote_or_summary: When told they will be raised after death, infidels call it pure
    sorcery; when chastisement is deferred, they ask what keeps it back, but it will
    come with none to avert it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:17
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12503-12505
  quote_or_summary: Apostles before Muhammad came to their peoples with clear proofs;
    God succoured the faithful and took vengeance on the guilty.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized.
- id: ev:18
  type: summary
  locator: note 5 within lines 12557-12558
  quote_or_summary: The translator's note states that Talmudists apply God's description
    as sender of rain to the divine command causing the dead to arise, citing Taanith.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-rodwell.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized translator note.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The main resurrection, rain, judgment, and creation observations are explicit.
    Some taxonomy mappings are approximate because the provided taxonomy lacks exact
    labels for prophecy rejection, providence, or Quranic parable discourse.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
  Only the provided passage and metadata were used. Footnotes were treated as part of the supplied passage but separated from Quranic verse evidence where relevant.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-rodwell-gutenberg__l12498-l12640
  passage_sha256=916ef475b37e823743e8e3921e1500d4159a7fb5fa16a258317b2003df8a1b23