batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l8103-l8217
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l8103-l8217
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: THE EPISODES OF GLAUCUS AND DIOMED, AND OF HECTOR AND ANDROMACHE. / BOOK
VII. / ARGUMENT / THE SINGLE COMBAT OF HECTOR AND AJAX.; lines 8103-8217
start: '8103'
end: '8217'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The Greeks reject the Trojan peace offer but accept a truce for burial.
Both sides gather, wash, mourn, and burn their dead. The Greeks build a communal
tomb and fortifications near the ships. The gods observe the wall; Poseidon complains
that the Greeks built it without consulting gods or making sacrifice, and Zeus
foretells that Poseidon will destroy it with waves and sand. The Greeks feast
with wine from Lemnos, exchange goods, see Zeus send thunder and red lightning,
pour libations, and sleep.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Tydides advises the Greeks not to accept the Trojan wealth or the Spartan
woman, saying Troy is already near its fall.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The Greek chiefs acclaim Tydides' speech, and Agamemnon rejects the peace
while granting a truce to tend the dead.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: The herald reports in Troy that peace is rejected but a truce is obtained.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Greeks and Trojans search the battlefield among heaps of carnage for the bodies
of their dead.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: The mourners wash wounds, shed tears, place bodies on cars, and burn the remains
on funeral piles.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: The Greeks raise a general tomb around the dying flames, then build walls,
towers, gates, a trench, and defensive piles for the camp and ships.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: The gods sit above in a shining circle around Jove and observe the human works
with amazement.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: Poseidon complains that the Greek wall was built without consulting a god
and without sacrificing a victim.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: Jove answers that Poseidon will sap the foundations, cover the wall with waves,
and let sand alter the shore until the work and its name vanish.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: The Greeks slaughter bulls, feast, receive wine from Lemnos, and exchange
goods including metal, oxen, and slaves.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: Jove displays wrath through red lightning and thunder; the people are frightened
and pour libations to Jove before drinking.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Tydides
description: Greek speaker who urges rejection of the offered wealth and Spartan
woman.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: King of kings
description: Greek leader who rejects the peace but grants funeral rites for the
dead.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Herald
description: Messenger who carries the Greek response to sacred Troy.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Greeks
description: Army that rejects peace, searches for bodies, burns the dead, builds
fortifications, feasts, and pours libations.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Trojans
description: People who receive the herald's report, search the plain, gather wood,
mourn and burn their dead, and feast within their towers.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:10
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Priam
description: Trojan elder or ruler who checks the grief of the mourners during the
burial rites.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Jove
description: Divine father and thunderer who hears Poseidon's complaint, foretells
the wall's destruction, and later sends lightning and thunder.
role_refs:
- role:7
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
- ev:11
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Poseidon
description: Hoary monarch of the deep and earth-shaking god who complains about
the Greek wall and is told he may destroy it.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Eunaeus
description: Sender of a thousand measures of fragrant wine from Lemnos to the royal
tent.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Greek and Trojan dead
description: Slain warriors whose bodies are searched for, washed, mourned, placed
on piles, and burned.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
label: war counsel speaker
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: He rises and urges rejection of the offered settlement.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: commander granting truce
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: He rejects peace but permits funeral care for the dead.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:3
label: messenger
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: He travels to Troy and explains the Greek decision.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:4
label: burial party and mourners
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:5
basis: Both sides search for bodies, wash wounds, shed tears, and burn remains.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:5
label: fortification builders
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The Greeks build a tomb, walls, towers, gates, trench, and piles.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:6
label: grief restrainer
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Priam checks the Trojans' grief during the funeral work.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:7
label: divine father among gods
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: The gods sit around their father Jove in heaven.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:8
label: feasters and offerers
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The Greeks feast, slaughter bulls, and pour libations to Jove.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: role:9
label: thunder-sending deity
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: Jove sends red lightning and thunder that frighten the people.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: role:10
label: sea and earth-shaking deity
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Poseidon is described as the trident-bearing monarch of the deep whose force
can shake the earth and destroy the wall.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: role:11
label: wine supplier
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Eunaeus sends a thousand measures of wine to the royal tent.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:12
label: honored dead
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: The slain are searched for, washed, mourned, and burned with care.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: funeral flames
literal_form: flames and funeral piles that consume the dead
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: sym:2
label: general tomb
literal_form: a communal tomb raised by the Greeks around the dying flames
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:3
label: Greek wall and trench
literal_form: walls, lofty towers, gates, a deep trench, and defensive piles
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: sym:4
label: waves and sand erasing the wall
literal_form: waves overwhelming the wall and sand changing the shore
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:5
label: red lightning and thunder
literal_form: red lightnings and deep thunder sent by Jove in the night
associated_figures:
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: sym:6
label: libations to Jove
literal_form: liquid offerings poured to Jove before the bowl is crowned
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: sym:7
label: sceptre raised to the sky
literal_form: the Greek ruler raises his sceptre toward the sky while invoking Jove
as witness
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Greek rejection of peace and granting of funeral truce
summary: Tydides urges the Greeks to reject the Trojan offer; the Greek leader rejects
peace but allows the dead to be recovered and honored.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Report to Troy
summary: The herald returns to Troy and announces that peace has been refused while
a truce has been gained.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:5
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Collection, mourning, and burning of the dead
summary: Greeks and Trojans search the battlefield, identify bodies with difficulty,
wash and mourn the dead, and burn them on funeral piles.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Greek tomb and fortification building
summary: Before morning fully breaks, the Greeks raise a communal tomb and build
defenses for the camp and ships.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:5
label: Divine debate over mortal walls
summary: The gods observe the Greek works; Poseidon complains that the wall lacks
divine consultation and sacrifice, and Jove says it will be destroyed by sea and
sand.
figure_refs:
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: scene:6
label: Feasting, divine omens, and libations
summary: The Greeks feast with bulls and Lemnian wine, exchange goods, are frightened
by Jove's lightning and thunder, pour libations, and sleep.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:7
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: truce for burial and funerary burning of warriors
taxonomy_refs:
- sacrifice
basis: The armies suspend hostilities long enough to gather, wash, mourn, and burn
the dead with care.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage describes funerary burning and mourning, not a sacrificial
killing; the taxonomy reference is approximate.
- id: motif:2
label: mortal fortification challenged and erased by divine power
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Poseidon objects to the Greeks' wall because no god was consulted and no
victim was slain; Jove foretells that divine sea power will erase it with waves
and sand.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: The passage presents a divine response to human construction, but the
actual destruction is foretold rather than occurring within this excerpt.
- id: motif:3
label: thunder and lightning as signs of divine wrath before libation
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
- sacrifice
basis: Jove sends red lightning and thunder that terrify the feasters, who then
pour libations to him before drinking.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
confidence: high
cautions: The passage explicitly calls the signs wrathful, but does not state a
detailed oracle or verbal judgment in this scene.
- id: motif:4
label: feast and exchange after battle labor
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
basis: Wine from Lemnos is distributed, and the host exchanges metals, oxen, and
slaves while feasting after the building work.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
confidence: medium
cautions: The exchange is practical and economic in the passage; its sacred dimension
is limited to the surrounding slaughter, feast, and later libations.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 8103-8110
quote_or_summary: Tydides rises and advises the Greeks to refuse the offered wealth
and Spartan woman, asserting that Troy is already tottering toward defeat.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 8111-8120
quote_or_summary: The Greek chiefs acclaim the speech; the Greek ruler tells the
herald that he hears Greece's voice, rejects peace, permits funeral flames for
the dead, invokes Jove, and raises his sceptre skyward.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 8121-8124
quote_or_summary: The herald goes to sacred Troy, stands among the princes, and
explains that peace is rejected but a truce has been obtained.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 8125-8138
quote_or_summary: Trojans and Greeks gather wood and search the battlefield at dawn
among heaps of carnage, where bodies are hard to identify because of dust and
gore.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 8139-8149
quote_or_summary: The mourners wash wounds, weep, carry the dead on cars, place
bodies on piles, burn the remains, and return to Troy or the ships; Priam checks
Trojan grief.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 8150-8160
quote_or_summary: Before morning fully breaks, the Greeks gather around the dying
flames, raise a general tomb, and construct walls, towers, gates, a trench, and
defensive piles for the camp and ships.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 8161-8165
quote_or_summary: The gods sit above in a shining circle around Jove and look with
amazement at the works of men.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 8166-8177
quote_or_summary: Poseidon asks who will honor divine power if the Greeks boast
of walls by the sea, noting that they consulted no god and killed no victim, while
the god-built abodes of Laomedon may be forgotten.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 8178-8190
quote_or_summary: 'Jove replies that Poseidon''s fame is secure and that the Greek
work will not survive: Poseidon will undermine the foundations, waves will overwhelm
the wall, and sand will change the shore until no trace or name remains.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 8191-8208
quote_or_summary: As the sun sets, the Greeks finish the work, slaughter bulls,
feast, receive wine from Lemnos sent by Eunaeus, and exchange goods such as brass,
iron, oxen, and slaves.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 8209-8217
quote_or_summary: All night Greek and Trojan powers feast; Jove shows wrath with
red lightning and thunder, frightening all, after which each pours to Jove and
libations wet the ground before they sleep.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: high
notes: Literal events and figures are clear in the supplied passage. Motif taxonomy
assignments are cautious because several available taxonomy families only approximate
the passage-level patterns.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not make an explicit cross-tradition comparison; it only contrasts Greek walls with Laomedon's god-built structures within the same narrative world.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l8103-l8217
passage_sha256=0be0b153b9dab641da37a0d1906ddf769ad566ddd29cdb8a49e16bec8d904cb1