batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l7062-l7192
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l7062-l7192
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: THE ACTS OF DIOMED. / BOOK VI. / ARGUMENT. / THE EPISODES OF GLAUCUS AND
DIOMED, AND OF HECTOR AND ANDROMACHE.; lines 7062-7192
start: '7062'
end: '7192'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage recounts the later fortunes and lineage of Bellerophon, then
shows Diomedes and Glaucus recognizing hereditary guest-friendship and exchanging
arms instead of fighting. It then shifts to Hector entering Troy, meeting Trojan
women and Hecuba, refusing wine because he is blood-stained from battle, and directing
a supplicatory offering to Minerva before going to confront Paris.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: At his return, Bellerophon faced a Lycian ambush and the attackers died there.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The Lycian monarch repented, acknowledged the gods and the god-descended chief,
and gave Bellerophon his daughter, honors, and land with woods, vineyards, and
harvests.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Bellerophon possessed his estate with two sons and one daughter; the daughter
bore Sarpedon after union with Jove.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Bellerophon later wandered the Aleian field in a forsaken and distracted state;
his daughter died by Phoebus' dart, his eldest son was slain by Mars, and Hippolochus
survived as the speaker's ancestor.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: Hippolochus instructed his descendant to seek renown, stand first in worth
and command, honor his native land, and emulate his ancestors.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:6
text: Diomedes fixed his dart in the earth and greeted Glaucus as a hereditary guest-friend.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:7
text: 'Diomedes recalled that Oeneus hosted Bellerophon for twenty days and that
the two exchanged parting gifts: a golden goblet and a richly dyed belt.'
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:8
text: Diomedes proposed that he and Glaucus avoid fighting one another, maintain
reciprocal hospitality in Argos and Lycia, and exchange arms to show their inherited
friendship.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:9
text: The two chiefs dismounted, joined hands, pledged mutual faith, and exchanged
armor; Glaucus gave gold armor for Diomedes' brass armor.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:10
text: Hector entered through the Scaean gate and was met near consecrated beech-trees
by Trojan matrons and maids concerned for husbands, brothers, and sons in the
war.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:11
text: Hector instructed the women to go in procession and seek the gods to avert
impending woe.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:12
text: Hecuba embraced Hector, asked whether he came from battle to supplicate from
Ilion's tower, and offered to bring wine for libation and refreshment.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:13
text: Hector refused wine, saying it weakens the limbs and mind, and said his blood-stained
hands would profane prayer to the sky and to Jove.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:14
text: Hector told Hecuba and the matrons to burn rich odors in Minerva's shrine,
spread the finest gold-worked mantle before the goddess, and lead twelve young
heifers to her altar so that wives, infants, and the city might be spared.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:15
text: Hector said he would rouse Paris to war and called him a pest and ruin of
Troy, wishing that earth and the dark abyss might take him.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Bellerophon
description: The god-descended chief whose Lycian trials, marriage, estate, offspring,
and later wandering are recounted.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Lycian monarch
description: The unnamed monarch who repents and grants Bellerophon his daughter,
honors, and land.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Bellerophon's daughter
description: The fair daughter whose union with Jove results in Sarpedon's birth
and who later dies by Phoebus' dart.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Jove
description: The god who embraces Bellerophon's daughter and fathers Sarpedon; also
named as a recipient of proper libation and prayer.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Sarpedon
description: The child born from Bellerophon's daughter and Jove.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Hippolochus
description: The surviving son in Bellerophon's line and father or ancestor from
whom the speaker claims descent and instruction.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Glaucus
description: The Lycian prince and descendant of Hippolochus who receives Diomedes'
recognition of hereditary guest-friendship and exchanges armor with him.
role_refs:
- role:8
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Diomedes / Tydides
description: The Greek warrior who recognizes Glaucus as a hereditary guest-friend,
refuses combat with him, exchanges arms, and is described by Hector as a destructive
threat to Troy.
role_refs:
- role:8
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:8
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Oeneus
description: Diomedes' ancestor who hosted Bellerophon for twenty days and exchanged
gifts with him.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Phoebus
description: The divine figure whose dart kills Bellerophon's daughter.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Mars
description: The divine figure by whom Bellerophon's eldest son is slain in combat
on the Solymaean plain.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Hector
description: The guardian of Troy who enters the city, directs ritual supplication,
refuses wine because of battle pollution, and goes to summon Paris to war.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Trojan matrons and maids
description: Women who gather around Hector with concern for male kin in battle
and are directed to seek the gods.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:8
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: Hecuba
description: Hector's mother and queen, who embraces him, offers wine and libation,
and is instructed to lead the women in offerings to Minerva.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: fig:15
name_or_label: Minerva
description: The goddess at whose shrine Hector orders odors, a mantle, and twelve
heifers to be offered.
role_refs:
- role:14
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:16
name_or_label: Paris
description: The absent or inactive Trojan warrior whom Hector intends to rouse
and denounces as Troy's ruin.
role_refs:
- role:15
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
label: tried hero later rewarded with marriage, honors, and land
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Bellerophon survives hostile plots and is then granted the monarch's daughter,
honors, and fertile territory.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: repentant royal host and giver
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The monarch repents and grants family alliance, honors, and land to Bellerophon.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:3
label: mother of a god's child
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Her union with Jove is said to produce Sarpedon.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:4
label: ancestral guest-friend
assigned_to:
- fig:1
- fig:7
- fig:9
- fig:8
basis: Bellerophon and Oeneus established guest-friendship through hospitality and
gifts, which Glaucus and Diomedes inherit.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: role:5
label: divine father and high god invoked in ritual
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Jove fathers Sarpedon and is named in Hecuba's proposed libation and Hector's
concern over polluted prayer.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:6
label: divine-human offspring
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Sarpedon is born from Jove and Bellerophon's daughter.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:7
label: surviving ancestor and instructor
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Hippolochus survives Bellerophon's losses and instructs his descendant in
heroic conduct.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:8
label: warrior restrained by hereditary friendship
assigned_to:
- fig:7
- fig:8
basis: Glaucus and Diomedes refrain from fighting after recognizing inherited guest-friendship.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:9
label: threatening enemy warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Hector names Tydides as the one who mows down troops and makes Troy retreat.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:10
label: divine agent of death
assigned_to:
- fig:10
- fig:11
basis: Phoebus' dart kills the daughter, and Mars is named in the eldest son's death
in battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:11
label: city guardian and ritual director
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: Hector is called guardian of the Trojan state and directs the women toward
offerings to Minerva.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:8
- id: role:12
label: collective supplicants
assigned_to:
- fig:13
basis: The women are told to proceed to the gods and later to Minerva's shrine with
offerings.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:8
- id: role:13
label: mother-queen and ritual agent
assigned_to:
- fig:14
basis: Hecuba, Hector's mother-queen, proposes libation and is instructed to lead
the offering.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:14
label: goddess recipient of civic offering
assigned_to:
- fig:15
basis: The mantle, odors, and heifers are to be brought before Minerva to avert
danger from the city.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:15
label: warrior reproached for failing Troy
assigned_to:
- fig:16
basis: Hector plans to rouse Paris and denounces him as a pest and ruin of the race.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: dart fixed in earth
literal_form: Diomedes plants his dart in the earth before speaking peaceably to
Glaucus.
associated_figures:
- fig:8
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:2
label: ancestral guest-gifts
literal_form: A golden goblet and richly dyed belt exchanged by Bellerophon and
Oeneus.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:9
- fig:7
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:3
label: exchange of arms
literal_form: Glaucus gives gold armor worth a hundred beeves for Diomedes' brass
armor worth nine oxen.
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:4
label: joined hands and pledged faith
literal_form: The chiefs join hands and pledge mutual faith after dismounting.
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:5
label: consecrated beech-trees
literal_form: Beech-tree shades near the Scaean gate are described as consecrated.
associated_figures:
- fig:12
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:6
label: wine cup and libation
literal_form: Hecuba offers a cup crowned with Bacchus to sprinkle wine on the ground
in Jove's name and refresh Hector.
associated_figures:
- fig:14
- fig:12
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:7
label: blood-stained hands
literal_form: Hector says his hands are stained with human gore and unfit to raise
in prayer.
associated_figures:
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:8
label: gold-worked mantle before Minerva
literal_form: The finest mantle from the wardrobes, worked with gold, is to be spread
before Minerva's knees.
associated_figures:
- fig:14
- fig:13
- fig:15
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:9
label: twelve young heifers
literal_form: Twelve young heifers are to be led to Minerva's altar.
associated_figures:
- fig:14
- fig:13
- fig:15
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:10
label: earth and dark abyss
literal_form: Hector wishes that earth would embrace Paris and that he might descend
to the dark abyss.
associated_figures:
- fig:12
- fig:16
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Bellerophon's Lycian reward and later grief
summary: After surviving a Lycian ambush, Bellerophon receives royal marriage, honors,
land, and offspring, but later wanders forsaken and suffers family losses, leaving
Hippolochus as the surviving ancestor of Glaucus.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:7
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Recognition of ancestral guest-friendship
summary: Diomedes plants his spear, greets Glaucus as an inherited guest-friend,
recounts the hospitality and gifts between their ancestors, and proposes reciprocal
peace and hospitality.
figure_refs:
- fig:8
- fig:7
- fig:1
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: scene:3
label: Pledge and exchange of armor
summary: Glaucus and Diomedes dismount, join hands, pledge faith, and exchange gold
and brass armor in the presence of both armies.
figure_refs:
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Hector enters Troy and directs the women
summary: Hector enters through the Scaean gate, meets Trojan women under consecrated
beech-trees, and tells them to seek divine help against impending woe.
figure_refs:
- fig:12
- fig:13
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:5
label: Hecuba's proposed wine libation
summary: In Priam's courts, Hecuba embraces Hector and proposes to bring wine for
libation to Jove and for Hector's refreshment after battle.
figure_refs:
- fig:12
- fig:14
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: scene:6
label: Hector prescribes supplication to Minerva
summary: Hector refuses wine, cites the pollution of blood-stained hands, and orders
Hecuba and the matrons to offer odors, a mantle, and twelve heifers to Minerva
for the safety of Troy's wives, infants, and city.
figure_refs:
- fig:12
- fig:14
- fig:13
- fig:15
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:7
- sym:8
- sym:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: scene:7
label: Hector condemns Paris
summary: Hector says he will rouse Paris to war and curses him as the ruin of Troy,
wishing him taken by earth and the dark abyss.
figure_refs:
- fig:12
- fig:16
symbol_refs:
- sym:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Hero rewarded with royal marriage, honors, and fertile land after hostile
trials
taxonomy_refs:
- royal_legitimacy
basis: The Lycian king, after failed hostility, gives Bellerophon his daughter,
honors, and a productive estate.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage gives only the end of a larger Bellerophon narrative; the
extracted motif is limited to this excerpt.
- id: motif:2
label: Divine parent and heroic child
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_parent_child
basis: Sarpedon is explicitly born from Jove and Bellerophon's daughter.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: The passage names the parentage but does not narrate Sarpedon's later
deeds.
- id: motif:3
label: Inherited guest-friendship averts combat
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
- covenant
basis: Diomedes and Glaucus recognize the hospitality and gift exchange of their
ancestors, declare themselves guest-friends, and agree not to fight one another.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The taxonomy label is applied at a broad motif-family level.
- id: motif:4
label: Exchange of unequal arms seals social bond
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
basis: The warriors exchange armor as proof of inherited friendship, with Glaucus
giving gold armor for Diomedes' brass armor.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The passage also attributes Glaucus' generosity to Jove's influence, so
the exchange is not presented as purely economic.
- id: motif:5
label: Civic supplication and animal offering to avert destruction
taxonomy_refs:
- sacrifice
basis: Hector instructs the women to bring odors, a precious mantle, and twelve
heifers to Minerva so she may spare wives, infants, and Troy.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: The passage prescribes the rite but does not show whether the goddess
accepts it.
- id: motif:6
label: Blood pollution makes a warrior unfit for prayer
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Hector refuses to lift hands stained with human gore to the pure skies or
offer polluted praise to Jove.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly matches ritual impurity.
- id: motif:7
label: Absent or shameful warrior blamed for communal ruin
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Hector intends to rouse Paris and calls him the pest and ruin of Troy's race.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage contains Hector's accusation, not a full narrative of Paris'
conduct in this scene.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The Glaucus-Diomedes episode fits the broad motif family of sacred exchange
because an ancestral bond marked by gifts prevents combat and is renewed through
an exchange of arms.
claim_level: same_motif
target: sacred_exchange
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This is a taxonomy-level comparison within the supplied motif list,
not a claim about historical contact beyond the passage.
- id: claim:2
claim: The Minerva offering scene fits the broad motif family of sacrifice because
a community-facing ritual offering, including twelve heifers, is prescribed to
avert danger from the city.
claim_level: same_motif
target: sacrifice
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The passage describes the prescription for sacrifice, not its performance
or outcome.
- id: claim:3
claim: The birth of Sarpedon from Jove and a mortal woman fits the broad motif family
of divine parent and child.
claim_level: same_motif
target: divine_parent_child
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: Only the parentage is stated in this excerpt; Sarpedon's heroic role
is not developed here.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: 7062-7075
quote_or_summary: Bellerophon returns to a Lycian ambush, the attackers die, and
the monarch repents and grants him a daughter, royal honors, and fertile land.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: 7076-7095
quote_or_summary: Bellerophon has two sons and a daughter; the daughter bears Sarpedon
to Jove. Later he wanders the Aleian field, loses his daughter and eldest son,
and Hippolochus survives and instructs the speaker to pursue ancestral renown.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: 7096-7114
quote_or_summary: Diomedes fixes his dart in the earth, welcomes Glaucus as a hereditary
guest, and recounts that Oeneus hosted Bellerophon for twenty days and exchanged
a golden goblet and rich belt with him.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: 7115-7125
quote_or_summary: Diomedes proposes mutual hospitality in Argos and Lycia, says
each has enough other enemies to fight, and asks to exchange arms as proof of
their inherited friendship.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: 7126-7134
quote_or_summary: The chiefs dismount, join hands, pledge faith, and Glaucus, influenced
by Jove, gives gold armor worth a hundred beeves for Diomedes' brass armor worth
nine oxen.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: 7135-7144
quote_or_summary: Hector enters through the Scaean gate; Trojan matrons and maids
gather beneath consecrated beech-trees with concern for male kin, and he tells
them to seek the gods against impending woe.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: 7145-7167
quote_or_summary: Hector enters Priam's courts; Hecuba embraces him and proposes
wine for libation to Jove and for Hector's refreshment after the long fight.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: 7168-7185
quote_or_summary: Hector refuses wine, says blood-stained hands are unfit for prayer,
and instructs Hecuba and the matrons to offer odors, the finest mantle, and twelve
heifers to Minerva so Troy may be spared from Tydides.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: 7186-7192
quote_or_summary: Hector says he will rouse Paris to war, calls him shameful and
the ruin of Troy's race, and wishes earth and the dark abyss would take him.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: The passage is clear for guest-friendship, arm exchange, divine parentage,
and prescribed supplication. Some Bellerophon material is excerpted from a longer
narrative, so broader motif labels are more cautious.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Taxonomy references are limited to the provided motif families and symbols.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l7062-l7192
passage_sha256=7fcd488759c3de50913cf6457bd85badb272df08ba0dbdc74d581017e5ae2b3c