batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l6791-l6915
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l6791-l6915
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: THE ACTS OF DIOMED. / BOOK VI. / ARGUMENT. / THE EPISODES OF GLAUCUS AND
DIOMED, AND OF HECTOR AND ANDROMACHE.; lines 6791-6915
start: '6791'
end: '6915'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: "“Now heaven forsakes the fight: the immortals yield”"
summary: Book VI opens with an argument summarizing Helenus' instruction for a Trojan
procession to Minerva, the meeting and arm-exchange of Glaucus and Diomed, and
Hector's later return to battle. The narrative then describes the gods leaving
the battlefield, Greek successes over Trojan fighters, the death of several named
warriors, Adrastus' failed supplication and ransom offer, Agamemnon's command
that Troy be wholly destroyed, Nestor's exhortation to pursue victory before plunder,
and Helenus preparing divine counsel for Hector and Aeneas.
language: English
quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The passage states that the gods or immortals leave the battle, after which
human force and skill control the field.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:2
text: The battlefield is set between Troy's streams, with javelins flying and the
rivers described as running purple toward the sea.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Several Greek warriors kill named opponents in succession, including Ajax
killing Acamas and Tydides killing Axylus and Calesius.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: obs:4
text: Axylus is described as hospitable, wealthy, and generous, with an open door
that helped rich and poor, but no friend protects him in battle.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: Two young twin brothers, sons of a naiad and Bucolion, are killed by Euryalus
and stripped of their shining arms.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: Adrastus' horses crash his chariot into a tamarisk trunk, break the yoke,
and leave him behind on the field.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: Adrastus falls beside the wheel, grasps the victor's knees in supplication,
and offers ransom from his father in exchange for his life.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: The Spartan Atrides is moved to pity, but Agamemnon rebukes mercy and declares
that no Trojan of any sex or age should be spared.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: After Agamemnon's speech, the captive is thrust from the knees and killed
with a javelin; the weapon is then pulled from the body.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: Nestor urges the warriors not to stop for booty while enemies remain, telling
them to gain conquest before taking reward.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: Helenus is described as a seer taught by the gods, revealing counsel near
Hector and Aeneas.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:12
text: The book argument says Helenus orders Hector to arrange a procession of the
queen and Trojan matrons to Minerva's temple, and says Glaucus and Diomed exchange
arms after recognizing ancestral friendship and hospitality.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: the gods / immortals
description: Divine beings who leave or yield the battlefield to human combatants.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Grecian forces
description: The army that prevails after the gods leave the field.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Trojan forces / Troy
description: The opposing army and city whose warriors are killed and whose destruction
Agamemnon demands.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:8
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Ajax
description: A Greek warrior who first leads the way to conquest and kills Acamas.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Acamas
description: A Thracian warrior struck down by Ajax.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Axylus
description: A hospitable, rich, and generous man from Arisbe who is killed by Tydides.
role_refs:
- role:3
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Calesius
description: Axylus' faithful old servant who dies beside him.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Euryalus
description: Greek warrior who kills Dresus, Opheltius, and the twin sons of Bucolion
and the naiad.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: twin sons of Bucolion and a naiad
description: Bold, beautiful, young twin brothers born from Bucolion and a naiad;
they are killed and stripped of arms.
role_refs:
- role:3
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Bucolion
description: Laomedon's first-born by a foreign bed; he tended Laomedon's flocks
and fathered the twins with a naiad.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: the naiad
description: A female water-associated being whose grace Bucolion wins in secret
woods and who bears twin sons.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Adrastus
description: A Trojan-associated chief left behind after his chariot breaks; he
supplicates for life and is killed.
role_refs:
- role:3
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: the Spartan Atrides
description: The victor over Adrastus who initially feels compassion before being
persuaded by Agamemnon.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: Agamemnon
description: Greek monarch who rejects mercy toward Trojans and kills Adrastus with
a javelin.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: fig:15
name_or_label: Nestor
description: Old Greek warrior who exhorts the army to fight before taking booty.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: fig:16
name_or_label: Helenus
description: Chief augur or seer of Troy, taught by the gods and preparing counsel
for Hector and Aeneas.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:11
- id: fig:17
name_or_label: Hector
description: Trojan hero whom Helenus commands to return to the city in the argument
and near whom Helenus reveals counsel in the narrative.
role_refs:
- role:3
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:11
- id: fig:18
name_or_label: Aeneas
description: Trojan-associated warrior standing with Hector when Helenus reveals
counsel.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: fig:19
name_or_label: Glaucus
description: Warrior who, according to the argument, meets Diomed between the armies
and exchanges arms after recognition of ancestral hospitality.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:20
name_or_label: Diomed / Tydides
description: Greek warrior named in the argument as meeting Glaucus; in the narrative
Tydides kills Axylus and Calesius.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: fig:21
name_or_label: queen and Trojan matrons
description: Women whom Helenus commands Hector to lead in solemn procession to
Minerva's temple.
role_refs:
- role:14
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:22
name_or_label: Minerva
description: Goddess to whom the Trojan procession is to pray for the removal of
Diomed from the fight.
role_refs:
- role:15
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
roles:
- id: role:1
label: withdrawn divine powers
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The immortals yield the field, leaving battle to human force and skill.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:2
label: Greek combatant or commander
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:8
- fig:13
- fig:14
- fig:20
basis: These figures are Greek-side fighters or leaders in the battle sequence.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: role:3
label: Trojan-side combatant, victim, or polity
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:9
- fig:12
- fig:17
- fig:18
basis: These figures are associated with Troy or are targets of Greek attack in
the passage.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:11
- id: role:4
label: suppliant captive
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: Adrastus presses the victor's knees and begs for life.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:5
label: pitying victor
assigned_to:
- fig:13
basis: The Spartan Atrides is touched by compassion before Agamemnon intervenes.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:6
label: mercy-refusing commander
assigned_to:
- fig:14
basis: Agamemnon rejects mercy, calls for the destruction of Troy, and kills the
captive.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: role:7
label: elder martial exhorter
assigned_to:
- fig:15
basis: Nestor urges the warriors to keep fighting rather than stop for spoil.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:8
label: divinely instructed seer
assigned_to:
- fig:16
basis: Helenus is called a seer taught by the gods and chief augur in the argument.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:11
- id: role:9
label: recipient of seer's command
assigned_to:
- fig:17
basis: Helenus commands Hector to return to the city and later reveals counsel where
Hector stands.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:11
- id: role:10
label: ancestral hospitality exchangers
assigned_to:
- fig:19
- fig:20
basis: The argument says Glaucus and Diomed exchange arms after recognizing friendship
and hospitality between their ancestors.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:11
label: hospitable host
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Axylus is described as having an ever-open door that aided rich and poor.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:12
label: semi-divine twin offspring
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: The twins are born from a naiad and Bucolion.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:13
label: parents of twin warriors
assigned_to:
- fig:10
- fig:11
basis: Bucolion and the naiad are named as the parents of the slain twins.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:14
label: ritual procession participants
assigned_to:
- fig:21
basis: The queen and Trojan matrons are to go in solemn procession to Minerva's
temple.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:15
label: petitioned goddess
assigned_to:
- fig:22
basis: Minerva is to be entreated to remove Diomed from the fight.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: battlefield rivers running purple
literal_form: Troy's streams between Simois and Scamander, described as running
purple to the sea
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: javelins and spears
literal_form: showers of javelins, lifted darts, spears, shafts, and the monarch's
javelin
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:12
- fig:14
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: sym:3
label: tamarisk trunk
literal_form: a strong tamarisk trunk struck by Adrastus' fleeing horses and broken
chariot
associated_figures:
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:4
label: knees of supplication
literal_form: the fallen chief pressing the victor's knees in a suppliant posture
associated_figures:
- fig:12
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:9
- id: sym:5
label: ransom gifts
literal_form: heaps of brass, well-tempered steel, and persuasive gold offered for
Adrastus' life
associated_figures:
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:6
label: arms as exchange or spoil
literal_form: shining arms stripped from the slain twins and arms exchanged by Glaucus
and Diomed in the argument
associated_figures:
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:19
- fig:20
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: sym:7
label: temple of Minerva
literal_form: Minerva's temple, destination of a solemn procession by Trojan women
associated_figures:
- fig:21
- fig:22
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:8
label: secret woods
literal_form: the woods where Bucolion wins the naiad's grace and fathers twin sons
associated_figures:
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Divine withdrawal and human battle
summary: The gods leave the field; javelins fly between Greek and Trojan forces,
and the battlefield rivers are described as purple with blood.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Greek battlefield victories
summary: Ajax, Tydides, Euryalus, and other Greek warriors kill a sequence of named
opponents, including Acamas, Axylus, Calesius, Dresus, and Opheltius.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:20
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: scene:3
label: Death of the naiad's twin sons
summary: The passage recounts the twins' parentage from Bucolion and a naiad before
saying that Euryalus kills them and strips their arms.
figure_refs:
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Adrastus' failed supplication
summary: Adrastus' chariot is wrecked at a tamarisk; he grasps the victor's knees
and offers ransom, but Agamemnon rejects mercy and kills him.
figure_refs:
- fig:12
- fig:13
- fig:14
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
- sym:4
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: scene:5
label: Nestor's command to delay plunder
summary: Nestor exhorts the Greek warriors to continue the fight while foes remain
and to take spoil only after conquest.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:15
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:6
label: Helenus' divinely taught counsel
summary: Helenus, a Trojan seer taught by the gods, prepares counsel near Hector
and Aeneas; the argument identifies this counsel as a command for Hector to arrange
a procession to Minerva's temple.
figure_refs:
- fig:16
- fig:17
- fig:18
- fig:21
- fig:22
symbol_refs:
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:11
- id: scene:7
label: Glaucus and Diomed recognize ancestral hospitality
summary: The argument says Glaucus and Diomed meet between the armies, learn of
hospitality between their ancestors, and exchange arms.
figure_refs:
- fig:19
- fig:20
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine withdrawal from battle
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The immortals leave or yield the field, explicitly shifting the combat to
human force and skill.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: This is a local narrative pattern in the passage; no provided taxonomy
family directly matches it.
- id: motif:2
label: ritual petition to a goddess for military relief
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The argument says Helenus commands Hector to send the queen and Trojan matrons
in procession to Minerva's temple to ask her to remove Diomed from battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage gives this as an argument summary rather than the full ritual
episode.
- id: motif:3
label: ancestral hospitality recognized through exchange of arms
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
basis: The argument says Glaucus and Diomed recognize hospitality between their
ancestors and exchange arms between the armies.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The detailed dialogue is not included in this line range; extraction relies
on the book argument.
- id: motif:4
label: semi-divine twin offspring slain in youth
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_parent_child
- sacred_twins
basis: The passage describes twin sons born from a naiad and Bucolion, emphasizes
their youth and beauty, and reports their death and stripping of arms.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The naiad's divine status is implied by type, but the passage does not
expand a divine-parent theme beyond parentage.
- id: motif:5
label: suppliant ransom offer refused
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Adrastus grasps the victor's knees, offers precious ransom for his life,
and is killed after Agamemnon rejects mercy.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly covers the failed ransom or supplication
pattern.
- id: motif:6
label: conquest before plunder
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Nestor tells the warriors not to take booty while enemies remain and to win
conquest before reward.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: This is a martial instruction motif rather than a mythic symbol family
in the supplied taxonomy.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 6791-6809
quote_or_summary: 'Book argument: Helenus orders Hector to arrange a procession
of the queen and Trojan matrons to Minerva''s temple; Glaucus and Diomed recognize
ancestral hospitality and exchange arms; Hector later leaves Andromache and returns
to battle.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: lines 6810-6817
quote_or_summary: "“Now heaven forsakes the fight: the immortals yield / To human
force and human skill the field”; javelins fly and Troy's streams run purple to
the sea."
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 6818-6835
quote_or_summary: Ajax kills Acamas; Axylus is described as hospitable, rich, and
generous, but is killed by Tydides along with his faithful old servant Calesius.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 6836-6845
quote_or_summary: Euryalus kills two young twin sons of Bucolion and a naiad; their
parentage in secret woods is recounted, and the victor strips their shining arms.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 6846-6855
quote_or_summary: 'A sequence of battle deaths is listed: Astyalus, Pidytes, Aretaon,
Ablerus, Elatus, Melanthius, and Phylacus fall to various Greek warriors.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 6856-6868
quote_or_summary: Adrastus becomes a living prize when his frightened horses crash
into a tamarisk trunk, break the chariot, and leave him prone beside the wheel;
he presses the victor's knees.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: quote
locator: lines 6869-6878
quote_or_summary: 'Adrastus begs to be spared and promises ransom: “Rich heaps of
brass ... steel well-temperd, and persuasive gold.”'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 6879-6894
quote_or_summary: Compassion touches the Spartan Atrides, but Agamemnon rebukes
mercy and says no Trojan of any race, sex, or age should be saved; Troy and even
infants at the breast should fall.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 6895-6900
quote_or_summary: The captive is thrust from the knees; Agamemnon's javelin stretches
him in the dust, and the weapon is pulled from the slain body.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 6901-6907
quote_or_summary: Nestor urges the heroes to keep fighting and not take booty while
a foe remains, saying conquest should come before reward.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 6908-6915
quote_or_summary: Greece might have gained great fame and driven Troy within its
walls, but Helenus, a seer taught by the gods, reveals counsel where Hector stands
with Aeneas.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: high
notes: Literal extraction is strong for the provided lines. Motif labeling is more
tentative where based on the book argument rather than the full episode. No comparison
claims were made because the passage does not itself support external comparative
claims.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Public-domain text permits short quotation, but evidence is mostly summarized for concision.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l6791-l6915
passage_sha256=9b25bada8d8a679bcc97b18392935dc0617765c7aa475714cb0248bfd63789cf