Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l5957-l6098

batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l5957-l6098

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l5957-l6098
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE BREACH OF THE TRUCE, AND THE FIRST BATTLE. / BOOK V. / ARGUMENT. / THE
    ACTS OF DIOMED.; lines 5957-6098
  start: '5957'
  end: '6098'
  translation: The Iliad
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Aeneas guards a fallen comrade but is struck down by Diomedes with a great
    stone. Venus protects and carries off her son Aeneas, but Diomedes pursues and
    wounds her hand. Phoebus shields Aeneas. Iris escorts the wounded Venus to Mars
    and then to Dione, who consoles her by recalling other occasions when gods suffered
    harm from mortals or giants.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Aeneas guards a slaughtered friend with spear and shield, circling the body
    like a lion around prey.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The Greeks look at the corpse from a distance but do not seize it while Aeneas
    protects it.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Diomedes lifts and throws a rocky fragment described as too heavy for two
    strong men of the present age to raise.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The stone strikes Aeneas at the hip and thigh, breaking tendons, stripping
    skin, cracking bone, and causing him to fall to his knees in a clouded daze.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Venus, remembering Anchises and acting with a mother's care, wraps her arms
    and shining veil around Aeneas and carries him through horses and missiles from
    the fight.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Sthenelus removes his lord's horses from battle, seizes the Dardan heavenly
    coursers, sends them toward the fleet, gives charge of them to Deipylus, and returns
    to Diomedes.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Diomedes pursues Venus, judges her unlike war goddesses, pierces her bright
    veil, wounds her hand, and causes immortal fluid to flow from her vein.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Venus cries out and drops Aeneas; Phoebus takes him, casts a cloud around
    him, and wards a mortal wound.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Diomedes addresses the fleeing Venus and says the battlefield is not her proper
    place.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: Iris finds Venus wounded and escorts her to Mars, who lends his chariot; Iris
    drives the chariot into the sky and feeds the horses with ambrosial food.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: Venus tells Dione that Diomedes, a mortal, wounded her while she defended
    her son.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:12
  text: Dione tells Venus to bear the wrong patiently and names earlier divine sufferings
    involving Mars, Juno, Hades, Hermes, Alcides, and Paeon.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Aeneas
  description: A Trojan/Dardan warrior, offspring of Venus, who guards a corpse and
    is wounded by Diomedes.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Diomedes / Tydides
  description: A Greek mortal warrior who strikes Aeneas with a stone, pursues Venus,
    wounds her hand, and taunts her.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Venus
  description: The queen of love and mother of Aeneas; she protects him, is wounded
    by Diomedes, flees with Iris, and complains to Dione.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Sthenelus
  description: A companion who follows commands, secures horses, captures Dardan coursers,
    and returns to Diomedes.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Deipylus
  description: A brave man loved by Sthenelus and entrusted with charge of the captured
    coursers.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Phoebus
  description: A god who takes Aeneas after Venus drops him, surrounds him with cloud,
    and wards the wound.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Iris
  description: The winged goddess who aids Venus, drives Mars's chariot skyward, and
    feeds the horses with ambrosial food.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Mars
  description: A god found remote from the battle with lance and horses; he gives
    his chariot to Venus and is later named by Dione as once bound in fetters.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Dione
  description: Venus's mother, who receives the wounded goddess, asks who harmed her,
    and consoles her with examples of gods suffering harm.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Alcides / Amphitryon's son
  description: Named by Dione as the one who wounded Juno and Hades.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: wounded warrior and protected son
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Aeneas is struck down by Diomedes and then protected by Venus as her offspring.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
- id: role:2
  label: mortal warrior who wounds divine beings
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Diomedes wounds Aeneas and then wounds Venus, who identifies him as a mortal
    man.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:9
- id: role:3
  label: divine mother and rescuer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Venus guards her offspring with a mother's care and carries him from the
    fight.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: obedient comrade and captor of horses
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Sthenelus obeys his lord's commands and takes the Dardan coursers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: trusted custodian
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Deipylus receives charge of the captured coursers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: divine concealer and protector
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Phoebus casts a cloud around Aeneas and wards the mortal wound.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: divine guide and charioteer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Iris escorts Venus and drives the chariot into the sky.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: wounded goddess
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Diomedes wounds Venus's hand, causing immortal fluid to flow.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:9
- id: role:9
  label: divine lender of chariot
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Mars hears Venus and commits the golden rein to her hand.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:10
  label: divine mother and consoler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Dione raises Venus, asks who wounded her, and counsels patience.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: role:11
  label: heroic assailant of gods in exemplum
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Dione says Amphitryon's son wounded Juno and that Alcides wounded Hades.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: protective shield
  literal_form: Aeneas's ample shield displayed over the fallen body
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: huge stone weapon
  literal_form: rocky fragment or pointed marble thrown by Diomedes
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: shining ambrosial veil
  literal_form: Venus's shining veil, woven by the Graces, used as a screen and pierced
    by the lance
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: concealing cloud or mist
  literal_form: cloud around Aeneas; mist around Iris; clouds around Mars
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: sym:5
  label: immortal blood or divine fluid
  literal_form: pure stream from Venus's clear vein, unlike terrestrial blood
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: divine chariot and golden rein
  literal_form: Mars's car, gold-reined horses, and golden rein used by Venus and
    Iris to ascend
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: heavenly coursers
  literal_form: Dardan heavenly coursers with flowing manes, later divine horses fed
    with ambrosial food
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Aeneas guards the corpse
  summary: Aeneas defends a fallen friend with spear and shield while the Greeks watch
    from a distance.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Diomedes disables Aeneas with a stone
  summary: Diomedes hurls a massive stone that injures Aeneas at the hip and leaves
    him near death.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Venus rescues her son
  summary: Venus enfolds Aeneas in her arms and veil and carries him away through
    the battle.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Sthenelus captures the coursers
  summary: Sthenelus secures horses and transfers captured Dardan heavenly coursers
    toward the Greek fleet under Deipylus's charge.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Diomedes wounds Venus and Phoebus shields Aeneas
  summary: Diomedes pursues Venus, wounds her through the veil, and Venus drops Aeneas;
    Phoebus then conceals and protects him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:6
  label: Iris escorts Venus to Mars and Dione
  summary: Iris finds the wounded Venus, obtains Mars's chariot for her, drives her
    to the sky, and brings her before Dione.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:7
  label: Dione's consolation and exempla
  summary: Venus explains that a mortal wounded her while she defended her son; Dione
    replies by listing earlier sufferings inflicted on gods and their healing or rescue.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine mother protects wounded son in battle
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: Venus is explicitly described as guarding her offspring with a mother's care,
    and later says she bled in her son's defense.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy fit is based on the parent-child protection in this passage,
    not on a birth narrative.
- id: motif:2
  label: Mortal warrior wounds a goddess
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Diomedes pierces Venus's veil and wounds her hand; Venus identifies the assailant
    as a mortal man.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names mortal assault on a deity.
- id: motif:3
  label: Divine concealment rescues a vulnerable hero
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Venus screens Aeneas with her veil, and Phoebus later casts a cloud around
    him to ward the mortal wound.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The veil and cloud are distinct acts by different gods; they share a protective
    function but are not explicitly named as one motif.
- id: motif:4
  label: Ascent by divine chariot from battlefield to heaven
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ascent
  basis: Iris drives Venus in Mars's chariot, and the chariot rapidly scales the skies.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The ascent is a flight for aid rather than a quest or apotheosis.
- id: motif:5
  label: Heroic strength beyond the present age
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The stone thrown by Diomedes is said to be too heavy for two strong men of
    the degenerate present day to lift.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a comparative heroic-age formula rather than a full narrative
    episode.
- id: motif:6
  label: Capture of divine horses as battle spoil
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Sthenelus seizes heavenly coursers with flowing manes and sends them toward
    the fleet as captured spoil.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The later chariot horses associated with Mars are separate from the captured
    Dardan coursers.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: Dione explicitly frames Venus's wounding as one instance in a broader pattern
    of gods suffering harm or restraint from mortals or giants.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: 'Dione''s internal examples: Mars bound by Otus and Ephialtes, Juno wounded
    by Amphitryon''s son, and Hades wounded by Alcides'
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The comparison is internal to the passage and does not establish historical
    contact or a taxonomy beyond the examples named by Dione.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5957-5964
  quote_or_summary: Aeneas guards a slaughtered friend with spear and shield, circling
    the body like a lion, while the Greeks watch from a distance.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5965-5980
  quote_or_summary: Diomedes lifts a stone too heavy for two men of the present age,
    hurls it at Aeneas, and cripples him at the hip and thigh so that he sinks in
    a daze.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5981-5991
  quote_or_summary: Venus remembers Anchises, guards her offspring with a mother's
    care, shields him with her arms and veil, and carries him through horses and arrows
    from the fight.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5992-6005
  quote_or_summary: Sthenelus secures his lord's horses, captures the Dardan heavenly
    coursers, gives charge of them to Deipylus, and returns to follow Diomedes.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6006-6024
  quote_or_summary: Diomedes pursues Venus, distinguishes her from battlefield goddesses,
    drives his lance through her ambrosial veil, wounds her hand, and draws immortal
    fluid; Venus cries out and drops Aeneas.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6025-6026
  quote_or_summary: Phoebus takes Aeneas, casts a cloud around him, and protects him
    from the mortal wound.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6028-6036
  quote_or_summary: Diomedes taunts Venus as she flees, saying bloody fights and arms
    do not suit her.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6038-6058
  quote_or_summary: Iris finds the pale, wounded Venus, brings her to Mars, receives
    his chariot and golden rein for her, drives her into the sky, feeds the horses
    ambrosial food, and brings Venus before her mother.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6061-6066
  quote_or_summary: Venus says no god but an impious mortal, Diomedes, wounded her
    while she defended her son, and says the Greeks now engage the immortal gods.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6067-6098
  quote_or_summary: 'Dione counsels patience and recalls divine sufferings: Mars bound
    by Otus and Ephialtes until Hermes rescued him, Juno wounded by Amphitryon''s
    son, and Hades wounded by Alcides and healed by Paeon.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: The main actions, figures, and internal comparison are explicit in the passage.
    Motif taxonomy assignment is limited because the supplied list lacks a direct
    category for mortal wounding of gods.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata. No external identifications beyond names and relationships stated in the passage were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l5957-l6098
  passage_sha256=e38a359462f87b1c1ef113d50d71bb883cb99767c657798814940606eccefc32