batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l14933-l15057
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l14933-l15057
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: JUNO DECEIVES JUPITER BY THE GIRDLE OF VENUS. / BOOK XV. / ARGUMENT. / THE
FIFTH BATTLE AT THE SHIPS; AND THE ACTS OF AJAX.; lines 14933-15057
start: '14933'
end: '15057'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: Greek and Trojan warriors fight near the ships. Leaders on both sides exhort
their men. Several warriors are killed, armor is stripped, the Greeks form a shield-wall
around the navy, and Antilochus kills Melanippus before withdrawing from Hector
and the pursuing Trojans.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: A speaker urges the Argive warriors to decide the conflict, warning that Trojan
fire is approaching the vessels.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Several named warriors are killed in successive exchanges between Greeks and
Trojans.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: obs:3
text: Meges strips radiant arms from the fallen Croesmus.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Meges survives Dolops' attack because of a breastplate formerly given to Phyleus
by Euphetes.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: The Spartan king aids Meges by striking Dolops through the shoulder and heart.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: Hector urges Melanippus to fight hand to hand after Dolops is killed and his
arms are being carried away.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:7
text: Ajax exhorts the Greeks to respect their fame and stand bravely rather than
suffer shame.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:8
text: The Greeks gather closely and flank the navy with a formation described as
a brazen wall of shields.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:9
text: The Spartan king urges the son of Nestor to advance and wound a Trojan.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:10
text: Antilochus advances, throws his lance, kills Melanippus, leaps upon the fallen
body, then withdraws when Hector comes to the rescue.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: The Trojans pursue Antilochus with shouts, stones, and darts until he reaches
the Greek ranks and turns back toward them.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Argive or Greek warriors
description: The warriors addressed near the ships; they respond to exhortations
and form ranks around the navy.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:7
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Hector
description: Trojan leader whose voice calls Troy onward and who later urges Melanippus
and attempts to rescue him.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- ev:10
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Ajax
description: Greek warrior who exhorts the Greeks to courage and shame before battle.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Meges
description: Greek warrior who kills or wounds in battle, strips Croesmus' arms,
and is aided by the Spartan king against Dolops.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Dolops
description: Trojan warrior, son of Lampus and of Laomedon's race, who attacks Meges
and is killed by the Spartan king.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Spartan king
description: A Greek leader who aids Meges and later exhorts the son of Nestor.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:8
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Melanippus
description: Trojan warrior from Hicetaon's line, praised as gallant and young,
urged by Hector, and later killed by Antilochus.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:9
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Antilochus, son of Nestor
description: Young Greek warrior urged forward by the Spartan king; he kills Melanippus
and withdraws from Hector.
role_refs:
- role:3
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Jove
description: A divine force said to impel the Trojans even while the Greek shield
formation stops them.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Phoebus
description: A deity named as caring for Polydamas' valued life when he avoids Meges'
spear.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
roles:
- id: role:1
label: battle exhorter
assigned_to:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:6
basis: Speakers urge warriors to courage, decisive action, or attack.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:6
- ev:8
- id: role:2
label: Trojan commander
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Hector calls Troy onward, leads troops, and singles out Melanippus.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- id: role:3
label: Greek attacker or victor
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:6
- fig:8
basis: These Greek figures strike enemies, strip arms, or kill opponents.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:9
- id: role:4
label: defensive ship-guard
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The Greeks form close ranks and flank the navy with shields.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:5
label: rescuer of fallen ally
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Hector flies to rescue Melanippus after Antilochus kills him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:6
label: fallen Trojan warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:5
- fig:7
basis: Dolops and Melanippus are both described as falling after Greek attacks.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:9
- id: role:7
label: withdrawing victor
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Antilochus kills Melanippus, then withdraws when Hector approaches.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:8
label: divine influence
assigned_to:
- fig:9
- fig:10
basis: Phoebus is credited with preserving Polydamas, and Jove is said to impel
the Trojans.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Trojan fire
literal_form: Flames threatening the Greek vessels
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: vessels or navy
literal_form: Greek ships at the shore, threatened by fire and protected by ranks
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:7
- id: sym:3
label: brazen wall
literal_form: Close shield formation around the navy
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:4
label: stripped arms of the slain
literal_form: Armor taken from fallen warriors as battle spoil
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- id: sym:5
label: protective breastplate
literal_form: Golden mail with jointed scales given by Euphetes to Phyleus and worn
by Meges
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Warning at the ships
summary: A leader addresses the Argive warriors, warning that the Trojans and Hector
are bringing fire close to the ships and urging a decisive stand.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Exchange of killings and spoils
summary: Named warriors on both sides are killed; Meges' spear kills Croesmus after
Polydamas avoids it, and Meges takes the fallen warrior's arms.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Dolops attacks Meges and is slain
summary: Dolops strikes Meges' shield, but Meges' inherited breastplate protects
him; the Spartan king then kills Dolops.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Hector stirs Melanippus
summary: Hector points to Dolops' death and the carrying away of his arms, urging
Melanippus to fight at close quarters.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Greek shield-wall at the navy
summary: Ajax exhorts the Greeks to valor; they respond by closing ranks around
the ships, with shields touching shields in a brazen wall.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:6
label: Antilochus kills Melanippus and retreats
summary: After the Spartan king urges him forward, Antilochus throws his lance,
kills Melanippus, moves toward the fallen body, and withdraws when Hector and
the Trojans pursue.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: threatened burning of the ships
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The Greeks are urged to act because Trojan flames are nearing the vessels.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: high
cautions: This is a local battle motif in the passage; no broader taxonomy reference
is asserted.
- id: motif:2
label: warrior exhortation before crisis
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Multiple leaders use speeches to stir warriors to decisive action, courage,
and shame avoidance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: The extraction identifies a repeated narrative function, not a specific
cross-cultural motif ID.
- id: motif:3
label: stripping armor from the fallen
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage shows arms taken from Croesmus and emphasizes the attempt to
carry away Dolops' bloody arms.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The passage treats the action literally as battlefield spoil.
- id: motif:4
label: shield-wall defense of ships
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The Greeks gather around the navy with shields touching, described as a brazen
wall that stops the Trojans.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: The phrase is metaphorical within the battle description; no separate
symbolic taxonomy is inferred.
- id: motif:5
label: contest over fallen warrior's body or arms
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Antilochus kills Melanippus and leaps upon him, while Hector comes to rescue
and the Trojans pursue with missiles.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage implies a contest around the fallen warrior, but the outcome
of any recovery or stripping is not completed within the excerpt.
- id: motif:6
label: divine influence in battle
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Phoebus is credited with protecting Polydamas, and Jove is said to impel
the Trojans against the Greek formation.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:7
confidence: medium
cautions: The divine actions are brief references rather than an extended divine
scene.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: 14933-14948
quote_or_summary: Argive warriors are warned that Hector calls Troy onward and that
flames are nearing the Greek vessels; they are urged to stake their fate on one
decisive fight.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: 14949-14966
quote_or_summary: The Greeks respond; Schedius, Laodamas, Otus, and Croesmus fall
in battle. Polydamas avoids Meges' spear by Phoebus' care, and Meges strips Croesmus'
radiant arms.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: 14967-14983
quote_or_summary: Dolops, son of Lampus and of Laomedon's race, attacks Meges. Meges
is protected by a golden breastplate with jointed scales, formerly given to Phyleus
by Euphetes.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: 14984-14991
quote_or_summary: The Spartan king stands by Meges and drives a dart through Dolops'
shoulder and heart; Dolops falls, and the Greeks rush to spoil the slain.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: 14992-15019
quote_or_summary: Hector calls on Melanippus, a young Trojan of Hicetaon's line,
pointing to Dolops' corpse and the bloody arms being carried away, and urges close
combat.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: 15020-15029
quote_or_summary: Ajax exhorts the Greeks to respect their fame and themselves,
saying the brave live gloriously or die lamented, while cowardice brings shame.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: 15030-15036
quote_or_summary: The Greeks take heart, gather thickly, and flank the navy with
a brazen wall of shields touching shields, stopping the Trojans though impelled
by Jove.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: 15037-15044
quote_or_summary: The Spartan king urges the son of Nestor to advance with his lance
and make a Trojan bleed.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: 15045-15052
quote_or_summary: The son of Nestor rushes forward, throws his lance, and Melanippus
receives the dart in his breast and heart; he falls with resounding arms and shield.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: 15053-15057
quote_or_summary: Antilochus leaps upon the fallen Melanippus, but withdraws when
Hector comes to rescue him; Trojans pursue with shouts, stones, and darts until
Antilochus reaches the Greek ranks and turns back.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: Literal battle actions and figures are clear in the supplied passage. Candidate
motifs are descriptive and local; no external comparison claims were made because
the passage itself does not support them.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage and metadata. No comparison claims were added.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l14933-l15057
passage_sha256=9dad8df0f003bcb47c73357ff5ffddb930ab22095c0a5bdde81aa4fd20fad8bc