batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l14089-l14214
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l14089-l14214
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: BOOK XIII. / ARGUMENT. / BOOK XIV. / JUNO DECEIVES JUPITER BY THE GIRDLE
OF VENUS.; lines 14089-14214
start: '14089'
end: '14214'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage describes a battle at the Greek ships. The sea god raises the
sea around the ships as Hector and the Trojans oppose the Greeks. Ajax strikes
Hector down with a heavy stone; Trojan leaders shield Hector and carry him away
to the Xanthus, where he revives intermittently. The Greeks attack more fiercely,
and a chain of killings and revenge speeches follows, including references to
death as passage to Pluto's hall or gate.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: A sea god and Hector are set opposite one another as the battle forms around
the ships.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The sea rises at the sea god's call and forms a watery wall around the ships.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Ajax throws a heavy stone from the shore or ship ballast and strikes Hector
on the shield, breast, and throat.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Hector falls prostrate, drops his lance, and is covered by his shield and
helmet.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: Trojan leaders form a protective circle of shields around Hector and carry
him to his chariot.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: At the Xanthus, Hector is sprinkled with water, vomits blood, faints again,
and breathes by fits.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:7
text: After Hector's retreat, Greek and Trojan warriors kill one another in renewed
fighting.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: obs:8
text: Polydamas tells the fallen Prothonor to go to Pluto's dreary hall.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:9
text: Acamas describes Promachus as a victim owed to his brother's death and says
the brother is not unappeased as he enters Pluto's gate.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: Hector's fall is compared to a mountain-oak struck by a fiery bolt of Jove.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Hector
description: Trojan defender who opposes the Greeks, is struck down by Ajax, protected
by allies, and carried toward Troy.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: sea's stern ruler
description: The god associated with the sea, at whose call the main rises around
the ships.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Ajax
description: Greek warrior who throws the stone that fells Hector and later kills
Archilochus with a spear-cast.
role_refs:
- role:3
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:8
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Polydamas
description: Trojan warrior who helps shield Hector and later kills Prothonor with
a spear.
role_refs:
- role:5
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:7
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Agenor
description: Trojan leader named among those who shield Hector after his fall.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: pious warrior of Anchises' line
description: A warrior of Anchises' line named among those who shield Hector.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: leaders of the Lycian band
description: Allied leaders named among those who shield Hector.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Oilean Ajax
description: Greek warrior who first spears Satnius after Hector's retreat.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Satnius
description: Son of Enops and Neis, killed by Oilean Ajax.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Prothonor
description: Greek warrior killed by Polydamas' spear.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Archilochus
description: Warrior struck at the neck by Ajax's dart and killed.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Acamas
description: Trojan warrior who avenges his brother by killing Promachus.
role_refs:
- role:6
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Promachus
description: Argive warrior killed by Acamas while drawing away Acamas' slaughtered
brother.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: Acamas' brother
description: Slain brother whose death Acamas avenges.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
label: Trojan defender
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage calls Hector Troy's great defender and places him leading opposition
to the Greeks.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: sea deity controlling waters
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The sea rises at his call and surrounds the ships.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:3
label: Greek champion
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Ajax directly confronts Hector and throws the stone that fells him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:4
label: fallen but protected chief
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Hector lies fallen while allies shield and remove him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: role:5
label: protective ally
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
basis: These leaders stand in a friendly circle with covering shields around Hector.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:6
label: killer in battle
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:8
- fig:12
basis: Each is described as killing or striking down an opposing warrior.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: role:7
label: slain warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:13
- fig:14
basis: The passage describes these figures as dead or fatally struck.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: role:8
label: brother-avenger
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: Acamas frames Promachus' death as vengeance for his brother.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: watery wall
literal_form: sea rising in ranks around the ships
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: heavy stone missile
literal_form: ponderous stone or missive marble from the shore ballast
associated_figures:
- fig:3
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:3
label: thunder-struck mountain-oak
literal_form: mountain-oak struck by Jove's fiery bolt, blackened and smoking with
sulphur
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
- fire
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:4
label: Xanthus water
literal_form: river margin and watery drops sprinkled on Hector
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:5
label: Pluto's hall or gate
literal_form: darksome steps to Pluto's dreary hall and entrance through Pluto's
gate
associated_figures:
- fig:10
- fig:13
- fig:14
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Sea rises around the ships as battle joins
summary: The sea god appears opposite Hector, the sea rises into a wall around the
ships, and both armies join amid thunderous noise.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Ajax fells Hector
summary: Hector's spear fails against Ajax; Ajax throws a heavy stone that strikes
Hector, and Hector falls like a thunder-struck oak.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Hector protected and removed
summary: Greek warriors try to seize the fallen Hector, but Trojan leaders shield
him, carry him to his chariot, and take him toward Troy.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Hector at the Xanthus
summary: At the river Xanthus, Hector is sprinkled with water, raises himself, vomits
blood, faints, and breathes fitfully.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Renewed battle and revenge killings
summary: After Hector's retreat, the Greeks attack; Oilean Ajax kills Satnius, Polydamas
kills Prothonor and speaks of Pluto's hall, Ajax kills Archilochus, and Acamas
kills Promachus in vengeance for his brother.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:12
- fig:13
- fig:14
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine command over battle waters
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The sea god calls the sea into a wall around the ships during the battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage presents the action literally within epic battle; no broader
mythic pattern is asserted in the passage.
- id: motif:2
label: fallen chief protected by companions
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Hector is felled and presumed vulnerable, but allied leaders cover him with
shields and remove him from the battlefield.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: This is a battlefield rescue pattern rather than a named taxonomy motif
in the supplied list.
- id: motif:3
label: water applied to revive or tend a fallen hero
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Hector is brought to the Xanthus and sprinkled with watery drops before he
partially revives and then faints again.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage does not state that the water fully heals him; it records
intermittent revival and fainting.
- id: motif:4
label: death as journey to Pluto's realm
taxonomy_refs:
- afterlife_journey_map
basis: Speeches describe the dead or dying as going by dark steps to Pluto's hall
or entering Pluto's gate.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
confidence: medium
cautions: The references are martial taunts and elegiac phrasing, not a detailed
mapped afterlife journey.
- id: motif:5
label: brother's death avenged in battle
taxonomy_refs:
- sibling_pair
basis: Acamas kills Promachus and frames the killing as payment for his slaughtered
brother's death.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
confidence: medium
cautions: The brother is not developed as a paired character beyond the vengeance
speech.
- id: motif:6
label: hero compared to thunder-struck sacred tree
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Hector's fall is likened to a mountain-oak, called Jove's consecrated plant,
struck by a fiery bolt.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: medium
cautions: This is an epic simile within the passage; interpretation as a motif should
remain cautious.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 14089-14104
quote_or_summary: The sea's ruler and Hector appear; at the god's call the sea rises
in huge ranks as a watery wall around the ships, while the armies join and earth
and ocean resound.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 14105-14123
quote_or_summary: Hector throws at Ajax but the spear is blocked by Ajax's belts;
Ajax lifts and hurls a ponderous stone from the shore ballast, striking Hector's
shield, breast, and throat.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 14124-14140
quote_or_summary: The passage compares Hector's fall to a mountain-oak struck by
Jove's fiery bolt; Hector lies prostrate, drops his lance, and his armor clanks
on the ground.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 14141-14154
quote_or_summary: Greeks hope Hector is slain and try to seize him; Polydamas, Agenor,
a warrior of Anchises' line, and Lycian leaders stand around him with covering
shields and carry him to his chariot.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 14155-14164
quote_or_summary: At the flowery margin of Xanthus, Hector is sprinkled with water,
raises himself, vomits blood, sinks down again, and breathes and sees by fits.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 14165-14174
quote_or_summary: Seeing Hector's retreat, the Greeks attack with doubled fury;
Oilean Ajax kills Satnius, and Greeks and Trojans fight around the dead.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 14175-14186
quote_or_summary: Polydamas kills Prothonor with a spear through the shoulder and
says the fallen man should guide his dark steps to Pluto's dreary hall.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 14187-14201
quote_or_summary: Ajax, angered by Prothonor's fall, throws at Polydamas, but the
dart kills Archilochus at the neck; Ajax taunts Polydamas over the slain youth's
lineage.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 14202-14214
quote_or_summary: Acamas kills Promachus as Promachus draws away Acamas' slaughtered
brother; Acamas says Promachus is a victim owed to his brother's death and that
the brother enters Pluto's gate unappeased no longer.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: Battle actions, figures, and speeches are explicit. Some figure identifications
are left in the passage's wording where the excerpt does not provide a personal
name. Motif labels are cautious and mostly descriptive.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not explicitly support historical, linguistic, or cross-tradition comparison beyond internal epic simile and supplied taxonomy candidates.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l14089-l14214
passage_sha256=011fcbe5e366ca32b124601fab54c4650a294c36306ab97ce668fd61230d1831