batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l12676-l12812
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l12676-l12812
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: ARGUMENT. / THE BATTLE AT THE GRECIAN WALL. / BOOK XIII. / ARGUMENT.; lines
12676-12812
start: '12676'
end: '12812'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: In battle at the Greek wall, Teucer kills Imbrius, Hector's cast kills
Amphimachus instead of Teucer, and the Greeks contest the bodies and arms. The
Ajaces strip and mutilate Imbrius. Poseidon, angered and grieving for Amphimachus,
inspires the Greeks, addresses Idomeneus in Thoas's voice, and urges renewed fighting.
Idomeneus arms himself, meets Meriones, and offers him replacement weapons from
captured Trojan spoils.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The battle is described as intensifying with rising rage, tumult, and clamour.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Teucer pierces Imbrius between the throat and ear with a spear, and Imbrius
falls with his arms sounding.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Imbrius is identified as Mentor's son, formerly living in Pedaeus, connected
by marriage to Medesicaste and to Priam's house, and honored at Troy like Priam's
sons.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:4
text: Hector throws a shining javelin at Teucer, but Teucer avoids it; the javelin
kills Amphimachus.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: Amphimachus is described as a son of Cteatus and of Neptune's line.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:6
text: Hector attempts to seize Amphimachus's helmet, but Ajax's javelin strikes
Hector's shield and repulses him.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:7
text: Greek leaders carry off the slain Amphimachus, while Imbrius remains the prize
of the Ajaces.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: obs:8
text: The Ajaces are compared to two grim lions carrying a slaughtered fawn away
from hounds.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:9
text: Great Ajax strips Imbrius's bright arms, and Ajax son of Oileus cuts off his
head and throws it to Hector's feet.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:10
text: The god of ocean is angered and sorrowful over his slain grandson and inspires
the hearts and hands of the Greeks against the Trojans.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:11
text: The god reaches Idomeneus after Idomeneus has sent a wounded soldier to the
camp surgeons.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:12
text: The god speaks to Idomeneus in the voice of Thoas and asks where the boast
of Greek victory has gone.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:13
text: Idomeneus replies that the Greeks are not held back by fear or sloth, but
by heaven and Jove's doom, and asks his friend to help by fighting or urging others.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:14
text: The god exhorts that no man who stays ignobly in the ships should see his
native land, and urges joint combat, saying united force is not vain.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:15
text: Idomeneus returns to his tent, takes two javelins, arms himself, and advances
like lightning from Jove.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:16
text: Meriones tells Idomeneus that he carries a headless lance because the rest
remains rooted in a Trojan shield.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:17
text: Idomeneus offers Meriones weapons from his tent, including stored spears,
helmets, and shields captured as spoils.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Teucer
description: Greek warrior whose spear kills Imbrius and who avoids Hector's javelin.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Imbrius
description: Son of Mentor, connected to Priam's house through Medesicaste, killed
by Teucer and despoiled by the Ajaces.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Medesicaste
description: A nymph described as Priam's daughter and Imbrius's beloved, linking
Imbrius to Troy's royal house.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Hector
description: Trojan leader who throws a javelin at Teucer, kills Amphimachus instead,
attempts to seize a helmet, and receives Imbrius's severed head at his feet.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Amphimachus
description: Son of Cteatus and of Neptune's line; killed by Hector's javelin.
role_refs:
- role:5
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Ajax, son of Telamon / Great Ajax
description: Greek warrior who repulses Hector with a javelin strike on his shield
and strips Imbrius's arms.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Ajax, son of Oileus
description: Greek warrior who cuts off Imbrius's head and tosses it toward Hector.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Stichius
description: Athenian leader near whom Amphimachus's body lies as it is borne away.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Menestheus
description: Athenian leader near whom Amphimachus's body lies as it is borne away.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: God of ocean / Neptune / Poseidon
description: Sea god angered by the death of his grandson Amphimachus; he inspires
the Greeks and speaks to Idomeneus in Thoas's voice.
role_refs:
- role:9
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Idomeneus of Crete
description: Cretan king found near his tent after caring for a wounded soldier;
he is exhorted by the god, arms himself, and offers weapons to Meriones.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Thoas
description: Andraemon's son, ruler associated with Calydon and Pleuron; his voice
is used by the god when addressing Idomeneus.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Meriones
description: Companion of Idomeneus who seeks a replacement spear because his lance
has broken in a Trojan shield.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: Wounded soldier
description: An unnamed soldier wounded by a javelin and sent by Idomeneus to the
camp surgeons.
role_refs:
- role:14
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
roles:
- id: role:1
label: Greek killer of Imbrius
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Teucer pierces Imbrius and later avoids Hector's answering cast.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:2
label: Trojan-allied slain warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Imbrius is linked to Priam's house and dies from Teucer's spear.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:3
label: Royal marital connection
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Medesicaste is described as Priam's daughter and as Imbrius's beloved.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:4
label: Trojan attacker and contested despoiler
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Hector throws the javelin that kills Amphimachus and tries to seize the helmet
before Ajax repulses him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:5
label: Slain Greek of divine lineage
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Amphimachus is killed by Hector's javelin and described as of Neptune's line.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: Greek corpse-defender and despoiler
assigned_to:
- fig:6
- fig:7
basis: The Ajaces secure Imbrius as their prize, strip his arms, and mutilate his
body.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:7
label: Athenian leaders near the recovered body
assigned_to:
- fig:8
- fig:9
basis: Amphimachus lies between Stichius and Menestheus as the Greeks carry the
slain away.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:8
label: Contested corpse
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:5
basis: The bodies of Imbrius and Amphimachus become objects of struggle and removal
after death.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:9
label: Divine inspirer of warriors
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: The sea god inspires Greek hearts and hands and urges Idomeneus to battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:6
- id: role:10
label: Grieving divine kinsman
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: The god is sorrowful for his slain grandson.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:11
label: Cretan king and rearmed champion
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: Idomeneus leads Cretans, returns to his tent for arms, and advances in bright
armor.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:12
label: Voice borrowed by a god
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: The god begins speaking to Idomeneus in Thoas's voice.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:13
label: Weapon-seeking companion
assigned_to:
- fig:13
basis: Meriones explains his broken lance and receives direction to take weapons
from Idomeneus's tent.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:14
label: Wounded comrade sent to surgeons
assigned_to:
- fig:14
basis: Idomeneus has just sent a wounded soldier to the camp surgeons.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: tall ash felled from mountain
literal_form: A tall ash tree on a far-seen mountain crown, cut by steel and falling
to the ground in a simile for Imbrius's fall.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: lions carrying a fawn
literal_form: Two grim lions bearing a slaughtered fawn through the wood while blood
sprinkles the shrubs, used as a simile for the Ajaces carrying off Imbrius.
associated_figures:
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:3
label: severed head tossed like a ball
literal_form: Imbrius's severed head is tossed and whirled through the air to Hector's
feet.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:4
label: lightning from Jove
literal_form: Idomeneus in bright armor is compared to lightning from Jove, trailing
glory across the sky.
associated_figures:
- fig:11
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:5
label: captured arms and spoils
literal_form: Spears, helmets, and gold-bright shields stored in Idomeneus's tent
as trophies from slain enemies.
associated_figures:
- fig:11
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Teucer kills Imbrius
summary: In the intensifying battle, Teucer kills Imbrius, a Trojan-allied warrior
connected to Priam's house, and Imbrius falls like a felled ash tree.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Hector kills Amphimachus and is repulsed
summary: Hector's javelin misses Teucer and kills Amphimachus. Hector tries to seize
the fallen man's helmet, but Ajax strikes his shield and the Greeks recover the
dead.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: The Ajaces despoil and mutilate Imbrius
summary: The Ajaces take Imbrius as their prize like lions with a fawn; Great Ajax
strips the arms and Oilean Ajax cuts off and throws the head to Hector's feet.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:4
label: Poseidon urges Idomeneus
summary: The sea god, grieving for his slain grandson, inspires the Greeks and speaks
to Idomeneus in Thoas's voice, challenging and exhorting him to renewed combat.
figure_refs:
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:12
- fig:14
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: scene:5
label: Idomeneus arms and aids Meriones
summary: Idomeneus arms himself with two javelins and bright armor, advances like
Jove's lightning, and offers stored captured weapons to Meriones, whose lance
has broken.
figure_refs:
- fig:11
- fig:13
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Battle over the body and armor of a fallen warrior
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: After Amphimachus and Imbrius fall, opposing warriors try to seize helmets,
arms, and bodies, and the Greeks carry off or strip the slain.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: This is a battle-scene pattern rather than one of the supplied named taxonomy
families.
- id: motif:2
label: Divine intervention to renew human courage
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The god of ocean inspires Greek hearts and hands, approaches Idomeneus, and
verbally urges him to rejoin and intensify the fighting.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The passage presents intervention and exhortation, not a full divine judgment
or quest pattern.
- id: motif:3
label: God using another man's voice
taxonomy_refs:
- shapeshifter
basis: The god begins speaking to Idomeneus in Thoas's voice, creating an impersonation-like
divine intervention.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: Only the voice is specified in this passage; bodily transformation or
full disguise is not explicitly stated.
- id: motif:4
label: Divine kinship prompting martial aid
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The sea god is described as sorrowful for his slain grandson and then acts
to strengthen the Greeks against the Trojans.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage identifies a grandson, not a direct parent-child relation,
so no supplied divine-parent-child taxonomy is assigned.
- id: motif:5
label: Heroic rearming and radiant advance
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Idomeneus returns to his tent, takes two javelins, puts on shining armor,
and advances with a lightning simile.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: This is an epic arming/appearance pattern but is not matched to a supplied
motif family.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: Poseidon's use of Thoas's voice supports a cautious same-function comparison
with a divine impersonation or shapeshifter motif family.
claim_level: same_function
target: shapeshifter / divine impersonation pattern
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage mentions voice adoption only; it does not explicitly describe
a changed body or complete disguise.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 12676-12698
quote_or_summary: The battle intensifies; Teucer kills Imbrius, who is identified
as Mentor's son, connected to Medesicaste and Priam's house, and compared in death
to a tall ash felled from a mountain.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 12699-12722
quote_or_summary: Hector throws at Teucer, misses, and kills Amphimachus of Neptune's
line; Hector attempts to take the helmet, Ajax repulses him, and the Greeks recover
the slain.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 12723-12734
quote_or_summary: The Ajaces possess Imbrius like lions carrying a fawn; Great Ajax
strips the body and Oilean Ajax cuts off the head and throws it to Hector's feet.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 12735-12751
quote_or_summary: The god of ocean, angry and sorrowful for his grandson, inspires
the Greeks, goes to Idomeneus, and finds him after he has sent a wounded soldier
to the surgeons.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 12752-12775
quote_or_summary: The god speaks in Thoas's voice and challenges Greek confidence;
Idomeneus answers that heaven and Jove's doom restrain the Greeks and asks for
aid in arms or counsel.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from supplied passage.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 12776-12791
quote_or_summary: The god exhorts that anyone remaining by the ships should not
see home, and urges Idomeneus to fight together, emphasizing the value of united
force.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from supplied passage.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 12792-12804
quote_or_summary: Idomeneus returns to his tent, takes two glittering javelins,
arms himself, and advances in bright armor compared to lightning from Jove.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from supplied passage.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 12805-12812
quote_or_summary: Meriones reports that his lance is headless because the rest is
stuck in a Trojan shield; Idomeneus directs him to take weapons from his tent,
where captured spears, helmets, and shields are stored.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from supplied passage.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Literal extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif labels are
cautious; only the voice-adoption passage is linked to the supplied shapeshifter
taxonomy, with limitations noted.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No external Iliad context or non-supplied comparisons were used.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l12676-l12812
passage_sha256=bb840f09c97dcaf427c62f352255340950e331a7db1c34c50c4197093bb88497