batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l12294-l12397
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l12294-l12397
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: THE THIRD BATTLE, AND THE ACTS OF AGAMEMNON. / BOOK XII. / ARGUMENT. / THE
BATTLE AT THE GRECIAN WALL.; lines 12294-12397
start: '12294'
end: '12397'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: At the Grecian wall, Teucer wounds Glaucus, who withdraws. Sarpedon kills
Alcmaon, tears at the battlement, opens a breach, and rallies the Lycians. Greeks
and Lycians struggle without decisive success until Hector, aided by Jove, lifts
a huge stone, smashes the gates, and leads Trojans through while the Greeks flee.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: A winged arrow from Teucer wounds Glaucus in the naked arm, and Glaucus conceals
the wound while withdrawing from the fight.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Sarpedon sees Glaucus leave the field, attacks, and kills Alcmaon by plunging
a spear into his breast.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Sarpedon pulls at the battlement until stones yield and a breach appears in
the wall.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Teucer shoots and Ajax throws a javelin at Sarpedon, but Jove is said to shield
his offspring and avert his fate.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: Sarpedon rebukes the Lycians and urges them to unite in assaulting the open
breach.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: Lycians and Greeks fight at the wall with neither side able to win or keep
the wall completely.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: The battle is compared to a balance holding equal weights until Hector and
fate turn the scale of the fight.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: Hector calls Trojans to advance to the fleet and bring blazing brands.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: Hector lifts a massive stone, with Jove lightening its load, and uses it to
break the gates.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: Hector enters through the broken gate with two spears, followed by Trojans,
while Greeks tremble and flee.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: The passage ends with an illustration caption reading “GREEK ALTAR.”
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Glaucus
description: A warrior wounded by Teucer’s arrow who withdraws from the unfinished
fight.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Teucer
description: An archer whose arrow wounds Glaucus and who later shoots at Sarpedon.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Sarpedon
description: Called divine; he kills Alcmaon, opens a breach in the wall, is protected
by Jove, and rallies the Lycians.
role_refs:
- role:3
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Alcmaon
description: A warrior killed by Sarpedon’s spear.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Ajax
description: A Greek warrior who sends a javelin at Sarpedon.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Jove
description: A god present in the battle who shields his offspring and later lightens
Hector’s stone.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:9
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Lycians
description: Sarpedon’s troops, rebuked by him and renewed in their assault on the
wall.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Greeks
description: The defenders at the Grecian towers and wall who resist the Lycians
and later flee before Hector’s entry.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:10
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Hector
description: A Trojan leader whose might turns the battle; he calls the Trojans,
breaks the gate with a stone, and enters first.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Trojans
description: The host answering Hector’s call, scaling the wall and flowing through
the opened gate.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
label: wounded withdrawing warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Glaucus is wounded in the arm and reluctantly leaves the fight.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: Greek attacker against Sarpedon or Glaucus
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:5
basis: Teucer wounds Glaucus and shoots at Sarpedon; Ajax hurls a javelin at Sarpedon.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: role:3
label: Lycian champion and breach-maker
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Sarpedon kills Alcmaon, pulls down stones, and makes a breach in the wall.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:4
label: divine offspring protected in battle
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Jove shields his offspring and averts his fate during the attack.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:5
label: slain warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Alcmaon is killed when Sarpedon plunges steel into his breast.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: divine protector and helper
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Jove shields Sarpedon and lightens Hector’s stone.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:9
- id: role:7
label: assaulting force
assigned_to:
- fig:7
- fig:10
basis: Lycians renew the assault; Trojans answer Hector’s call, scale the wall,
and enter through the breach.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: role:8
label: defending force
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Greeks support the weight of the war at the wall and later flee after Hector
enters.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:10
- id: role:9
label: gate-breaking leader
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Hector turns the scale of battle, rallies the Trojans, breaks the gates with
a stone, and enters.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Grecian wall and gates
literal_form: Ramparts, battlement, breach, towers, folded gates, bars, hinges,
and beams.
associated_figures:
- fig:3
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:6
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: sym:2
label: ponderous stone
literal_form: A massive pointed stone lifted by Hector and driven through the gate
planks.
associated_figures:
- fig:6
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:3
label: fire imagery and blazing brands
literal_form: Hector orders blazing brands for the fleet; his armor gleams and flame
flashes from his eyes.
associated_figures:
- fig:9
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: sym:4
label: water-flow battle imagery
literal_form: War rushes in like a deluge; later a tide of Trojans flows through
the gaping space.
associated_figures:
- fig:3
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:10
- id: sym:5
label: balance scale image
literal_form: Two scales with doubtful loads and a beam suspended at equal weight,
used as an image for the battle’s stalemate.
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:6
label: Greek altar illustration caption
literal_form: 'Illustration caption: Greek altar.'
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Glaucus wounded and Sarpedon enters battle
summary: Teucer wounds Glaucus, who conceals the injury and withdraws; Sarpedon
reacts and kills Alcmaon.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Sarpedon opens a breach and rallies Lycians
summary: Sarpedon pulls apart the battlement, opens a breach, survives attacks from
Teucer and Ajax under Jove’s protection, and urges the Lycians to unite.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: scene:3
label: Stalemate at the wall
summary: Lycians and Greeks fight at the wall; neither side can decisively win it.
The struggle is compared to a dispute over land and to a balanced scale.
figure_refs:
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:4
label: Hector breaks the gates
summary: Hector rallies Trojans toward the fleet, lifts a huge stone with Jove’s
aid, shatters the gates, and enters as Trojans pour in and Greeks flee.
figure_refs:
- fig:6
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: scene:5
label: Greek altar illustration
summary: The passage includes an illustration caption identifying a Greek altar.
figure_refs: []
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine protection of an offspring in battle
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_parent_child
basis: Jove is explicitly said to shield his offspring and avert his fate when Sarpedon
is attacked.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: The passage identifies protection in battle, not a full parent-child narrative
beyond this moment.
- id: motif:2
label: divinely aided heroic breach of a fortified boundary
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Hector uses a huge stone to break the gate, and the passage states that Jove
upheld and lightened the rock.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: No specific taxonomy reference is supplied for siege breach or divine
battle aid.
- id: motif:3
label: battle tide through an opened breach
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage describes a wall breach and uses deluge and tide imagery for
the rush of war and Trojans through the opening.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:10
confidence: medium
cautions: The water imagery is simile and battlefield description, not a literal
flood event.
- id: motif:4
label: balanced battle turned by a champion and fate
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The battle is compared to equal scales until Hector’s might and fates prevailing
turn the scale of fight.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: This is an internal poetic pattern rather than a separately named mythic
motif.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 12294-12301
quote_or_summary: Teucer’s arrow wounds Glaucus in the arm; Glaucus conceals the
wound and reluctantly withdraws.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 12302-12311
quote_or_summary: Sarpedon sees Glaucus leave, attacks, and kills Alcmaon with a
spear; Alcmaon falls with armor ringing.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 12313-12318
quote_or_summary: Sarpedon pulls at the battlement; stones yield, ruins roll, a
breach appears, and war rushes in like a deluge.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 12319-12328
quote_or_summary: Teucer shoots and Ajax throws at Sarpedon; Jove is present to
shield his offspring and avert his fate; Sarpedon returns to encourage his troops.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:5
type: quote
locator: lines 12329-12334
quote_or_summary: 'Sarpedon rebukes the Lycians and says: “Unite, and soon that
hostile fleet shall fall.”'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 12336-12351
quote_or_summary: The Lycians renew the assault; Greeks hold firm; neither side
can keep or win the wall, and slaughter covers the shore and ramparts.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 12353-12362
quote_or_summary: The battle is compared to balanced scales; Hector’s might, with
fate prevailing, turns the scale and he calls out to his host.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:8
type: quote
locator: lines 12363-12368
quote_or_summary: 'Hector orders: “Advance, ye Trojans!” and tells them to hasten
to the fleet with “blazing brands”; Trojans gather and scale the wall.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 12369-12384
quote_or_summary: Hector lifts an enormous stone, lightened by Jove, and drives
it through the gate; beams, folds, bars, and hinges give way.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 12385-12394
quote_or_summary: Hector rushes in with two spears, gleaming armor, and fiery eyes;
Trojans pour through like a tide, and Greeks tremble and flee.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:11
type: citation
locator: lines 12396-12397
quote_or_summary: 'Illustration caption: “GREEK ALTAR.”'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source text.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: high
notes: Events, figures, and battlefield imagery are explicit. Motif labeling is
limited to passage-supported patterns and one supplied taxonomy family. No external
comparison claims are made.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage and metadata; taxonomy references are limited to explicitly supported available refs.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l12294-l12397
passage_sha256=3ad02b8f86cfbeea873fa9a9b485c640479a8ea621cf3d0c7bab249827c6f641