Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11640-l11775

batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11640-l11775

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11640-l11775
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE NIGHT-ADVENTURE OF DIOMED AND ULYSSES. / BOOK XI. / ARGUMENT / THE THIRD
    BATTLE, AND THE ACTS OF AGAMEMNON.; lines 11640-11775
  start: '11640'
  end: '11775'
  translation: The Iliad
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A Pylian elder recounts former sacrifices and victories in battle, then
    recalls visiting Peleus with Ulysses to summon Achilles and Patroclus to war.
    He urges Patroclus to persuade Achilles or to enter battle himself wearing Achilles'
    armor. Patroclus leaves, meets the wounded Eurypylus, and treats his arrow wound
    with water and a healing root taught through Chiron, Achilles, and Patroclus.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The Pylian troops gather by rivers and sleep in arms near a winding flood
    while enemies stand around the town.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Sacrificial rites are performed to Jove, the blue-eyed maid, Alphaeus, and
    the monarch of the watery main, including a heifer and bulls.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: In battle, the speaker kills the son of King Augias, seizes his chariot, leads
    the van, disperses the Epeians, takes captive chariots, and gathers spoils.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Neptune shrouds Actor's sons in a cloud, preventing their death, and Pallas
    later stops the pursuit near Alisium.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The speaker criticizes Achilles for remaining inactive through anger and warns
    that Greece may suffer destruction if Achilles does not help.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The speaker recalls going with Ulysses to Peleus' court, where Peleus sacrificed
    a bull to Jove and guests shared a feast.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Peleus instructs Achilles to be brave, and Menoetius instructs Patroclus to
    guide Achilles with counsel because Patroclus is older and cooler-minded.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The speaker urges Patroclus either to move Achilles' heart or, if Achilles
    is restrained by an oracle or heaven, to lead the Myrmidons wearing Achilles'
    arms.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: Patroclus is moved, leaves the tent, and meets Eurypylus, who is bleeding
    from an arrow wound.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: Eurypylus says the Greek chiefs are wounded and asks Patroclus to lead him
    to his ships, remove the dart, wash the blood, and apply healing balms taught
    by Chiron to Achilles and by Achilles to Patroclus.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: Patroclus supports Eurypylus, lays him down, cuts out the arrowhead, washes
    the wound, bruises a bitter root, applies its styptic juice, and stops the pain
    and bleeding.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: Agamede is described as knowing the healing virtues of simples and every herb
    touched by morning dew.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Pylian speaker, identified in the passage as Nestor
  description: An elder warrior who recounts his youthful battle deeds, past embassy
    to Peleus, and advice to Patroclus.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Achilles
  description: A Greek hero remaining inactive in anger; remembered as fierce for
    fame and proposed as one whose armor Patroclus may wear.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Patroclus
  description: Companion of Achilles who receives counsel, is urged to aid Greece,
    and treats Eurypylus' wound.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Ulysses
  description: Companion of the speaker on the embassy to Peleus' court and owner
    of a fleet near which Patroclus later passes.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Peleus
  description: Achilles' father and host at Phthia who sacrifices to Jove and tells
    Achilles to be brave.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Menoetius
  description: Patroclus' father who tells Patroclus to guide Achilles with counsel.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Eurypylus, son of Euaemon
  description: A wounded Greek hero with an arrowhead rooted in his wound, assisted
    and treated by Patroclus.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Chiron
  description: A sage named as the source of healing knowledge passed to Achilles
    and Patroclus.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Jove
  description: A god receiving sacrifices and public thanks.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Pallas / the blue-eyed maid
  description: A goddess who receives an untamed heifer and later stops the pursuit.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Neptune / blue monarch of the watery main
  description: A god receiving a bull and shrouding Actor's sons in clouds.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Alphaeus
  description: A sacred river or river-god at whose source the Pylian force arrives
    and to whom a bull is slain.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Agamede
  description: Woman described as knowing the healing virtues of plants and herbs.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Podalirius and Machaon
  description: Two famed surgeons; one is surrounded by Trojan forces and the other
    is wounded in his tent.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: veteran warrior narrator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He recounts his own past battle leadership, kills, captures, and return to
    Pylos.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: counsel-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He urges Patroclus to persuade Achilles or lead the Myrmidons in Achilles'
    armor.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: withholding hero
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He is described as inactive in fury and withholding aid from Greece.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: substitute warrior candidate
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: He is urged to appear in Achilles' armor and lead the Myrmidons.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: healer-helper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: He supports Eurypylus, removes the arrowhead, washes and medicates the wound.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:6
  label: embassy companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: He travels with the speaker to Peleus' court to urge Achilles and Patroclus
    to arms.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: fatherly instructor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  basis: Peleus gives Achilles a precept of bravery, and Menoetius gives Patroclus
    counsel about guiding Achilles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: wounded warrior petitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: He is bleeding from an arrow wound and asks Patroclus for treatment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:9
  label: healing-knowledge figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  basis: Chiron is named as source of pharmacy; Agamede knows healing herbs; Podalirius
    and Machaon are called famed surgeons.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: recipient of sacrifice or thanks
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  basis: The passage lists offerings to these divine or sacred figures.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: role:11
  label: divine battlefield intervener
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  basis: Neptune hides Actor's sons in clouds, and Pallas stops the Pylian pursuit.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: river and sacred waters
  literal_form: Minyas, Alphaeus' sacred source, a winding flood, and the watery main
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: sacrificial cattle
  literal_form: untamed heifer and bulls slain or offered to gods
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: fire of sacrifice
  literal_form: flaming thighs and fragments turned on the fire
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: Achilles' arms
  literal_form: armor of Achilles to be worn by Patroclus
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: healing root and balms
  literal_form: lukewarm water, healing balms, bitter root, and styptic juice applied
    to a wound
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: sym:6
  label: concealing cloud
  literal_form: veil of clouds used by Neptune to shroud Actor's sons
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Pylian sacrifices before battle
  summary: The Pylian troops gather by rivers, perform rites and sacrifices to gods
    and a sacred river, and sleep armed beside the flood while enemies surround the
    town.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Recalled Pylian victory
  summary: The speaker recounts killing a leading enemy, seizing a chariot, routing
    the Epeians, taking spoils, and being checked by divine interventions.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Embassy memory at Peleus' court
  summary: The speaker and Ulysses visit Peleus, share a sacrificial feast, and hear
    Peleus and Menoetius instruct Achilles and Patroclus.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Counsel to Patroclus
  summary: The speaker urges Patroclus to move Achilles or to lead the Myrmidons in
    Achilles' armor so the Trojans may retreat from the ships.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Patroclus meets and heals Eurypylus
  summary: Patroclus leaves, finds Eurypylus wounded and bleeding, hears his request
    for care, and treats the wound with water and a healing root.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: sacrifice before or around martial action
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: The passage presents formal offerings to gods and a sacred river before the
    remembered battle and a later bull sacrifice at Peleus' court.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes ritual offerings but does not explicitly state
    that they cause the later military outcome.
- id: motif:2
  label: substitution by wearing another hero's armor
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Patroclus is urged to appear in Achilles' arms and lead the Myrmidons so
    Troy will tremble and Greece may recover.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is proposed counsel in the passage, not yet an enacted battle event
    within this excerpt.
- id: motif:3
  label: healing wisdom transmitted through teachers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Healing knowledge is linked to Chiron, Achilles, and Patroclus, and Patroclus
    uses a root and washing to stop Eurypylus' wound from bleeding and hurting.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage concerns practical medical
    knowledge rather than abstract wisdom teaching.
- id: motif:4
  label: divine intervention to protect or halt warriors
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Neptune hides Actor's sons in clouds, and Pallas stops the speaker's pursuit.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives brief divine actions without extended explanation of
    motive.
- id: motif:5
  label: patriarchal precepts remembered in crisis
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Peleus' and Menoetius' instructions to Achilles and Patroclus are recalled
    as important counsel now forgotten or urgently relevant.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a thematic pattern rather than a named taxonomy motif in the supplied
    list.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 11640-11653
  quote_or_summary: The Pylian troops gather by Minyas and Alphaeus, perform rites
    to Jove, the blue-eyed maid, Alphaeus, and the watery monarch, then sleep in arms
    beside the winding flood.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 11654-11682
  quote_or_summary: The speaker recounts killing Augias' son, notes Agamede's herbal
    knowledge, seizes a chariot, routs the Epeians, takes chariots and spoils, while
    Neptune hides Actor's sons and Pallas stops the pursuit.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 11683-11688
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says Achilles is inactive in fury and that Greece
    may sink toward death without his aid.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 11689-11712
  quote_or_summary: The speaker recalls visiting Peleus' court with Ulysses, where
    Peleus sacrifices to Jove, guests feast, Achilles and Patroclus are urged to arms,
    and their fathers give precepts.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 11713-11727
  quote_or_summary: Patroclus is urged to persuade Achilles or, if Achilles is restrained,
    to lead the Myrmidons while clad in Achilles' arms so Troy may retreat and Greece
    breathe again.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 11728-11743
  quote_or_summary: Patroclus is moved and leaves; near the ships, altars, mart, and
    courts he meets Eurypylus, wounded by an arrow and bleeding heavily.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 11744-11766
  quote_or_summary: Eurypylus asks Patroclus to take him to his ships, remove the
    dart, wash the blood, and apply balms of the sort Chiron taught Achilles and Achilles
    taught Patroclus; he notes the surgeons Podalirius and Machaon are unavailable.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 11767-11775
  quote_or_summary: Patroclus says he must carry Achilles' command but Eurypylus'
    distress requires immediate help; he supports him, cuts out the arrowhead, washes
    the wound, bruises a bitter root, applies juice, and stops pain and bleeding.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: The passage is explicit about characters, rituals, counsel, armor substitution,
    and healing. Motif labels are limited to the supplied passage and available taxonomy;
    no external comparison claims were added.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  JSON extraction based only on the supplied public-domain passage and metadata.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l11640-l11775
  passage_sha256=3b2e98784019d3131bf56162fa22f237bfc527ace9bfa85e3201bb6f63f92e70