batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11427-l11531
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11427-l11531
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: THE NIGHT-ADVENTURE OF DIOMED AND ULYSSES. / BOOK XI. / ARGUMENT / THE THIRD
BATTLE, AND THE ACTS OF AGAMEMNON.; lines 11427-11531
start: '11427'
end: '11531'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: 'The passage narrates a fierce battle scene: Hector advances through the
Greek ranks with divine support from Jove, Ajax is forced back under heavy attack,
Eurypylus aids Ajax but is wounded by Paris, the Greeks rally to guard Ajax, and
Achilles, observing the battle from his ships, sends Patroclus to Nestor to learn
whether the wounded man carried from battle is Machaon. The narrator foreshadows
Patroclus'' doom.'
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: A chariot moves swiftly through ranks and over battlefield corpses and shields,
with horses and wheels stained by blood and carnage.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Hector breaks through the thick fighting and scatters ranks with weapons,
while avoiding Ajax.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Jove supports Hector and sends fear into the Greeks, affecting Ajax, who withdraws
while carrying his shield.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Ajax is compared to a lion retreating from dogs and herdsmen, and then to
a strong field-beast pursued by boys.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: Many Trojan weapons strike or lodge in Ajax's shield, while other javelins
fall harmlessly on the plain.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: Eurypylus comes to Ajax's aid and wounds Apisaon with a javelin.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: Paris shoots Eurypylus in the thigh with an arrow as Eurypylus moves to strip
the dead.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:8
text: The wounded Eurypylus withdraws toward the Greek lines while urging the Greeks
to help Ajax.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: obs:9
text: A group of Greeks advances with shields and spears to guard Ajax, who then
rejoins them and resumes fighting.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:10
text: Both armies are compared to conflicting fires.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:11
text: Nestor's chariot carries Machaon away from the fighting, with the horses sweaty
and blood-stained.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:12
text: Achilles watches the battlefield from the height of his fleet and sees Greek
rout, killing, and the dead.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:13
text: Achilles feels brief pity when he sees Machaon singled out and sends Patroclus
from his tent.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:14
text: The narrator states that Patroclus leaves in an evil hour and that fate has
fixed his coming doom.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:15
text: Achilles instructs Patroclus to go to Nestor and learn the identity of the
wounded warrior carried in the chariot.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Hector
description: Trojan champion who advances through the thickest fight, scatters ranks,
and is favored by Jove.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Ajax
description: Greek warrior who withstands heavy Trojan attack, withdraws slowly,
bears a shield filled with weapons, and later rejoins the defending band.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Jove
description: Divine figure described as taking Hector's side and sending fear into
the Greeks.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Grecians / Greeks
description: Greek forces who are frightened, rally to Ajax's aid, and are later
seen in rout by Achilles.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Trojans
description: Trojan forces pressing against Ajax with repeated blows and weapons.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Eurypylus
description: Greek warrior who aids Ajax, kills or mortally wounds Apisaon, is wounded
by Paris, and urges the Greeks to rescue Ajax.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Apisaon
description: Foe struck by Eurypylus' javelin, with a fatal wound described at the
liver.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Paris
description: Archer who shoots Eurypylus in the thigh.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Nestor
description: Figure whose chariot carries Machaon away from the battle and whom
Achilles tells Patroclus to consult.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Machaon
description: The Greek preserver borne from the battle in Nestor's chariot, whom
Achilles thinks he recognizes from a distance.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Achilles / Pelides
description: Greek hero watching from his fleet, feeling brief pity, and sending
Patroclus to Nestor.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Patroclus / son of Menoetius
description: Friend of Achilles who leaves his tent at Achilles' request; the narrator
foreshadows his doom.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Atrides
description: Named by Achilles as a proud ruler who will tremble when the Greeks
seek Achilles' aid.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
label: favored attacker
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Hector breaks Greek ranks while Jove is described as supporting his part.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:2
label: hard-pressed defender
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Ajax is repeatedly attacked, withdraws slowly, and remains armed behind his
shield.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:3
label: divine supporter of one side
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Jove is said to espouse Hector's part and send fear into the Greeks.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:4
label: frightened and rallying army
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The Greeks are struck with fear, then some rally to guard Ajax.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- id: role:5
label: pressing attackers
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: A weight of Trojans hangs on Ajax and their strokes and weapons strike his
shield.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:6
label: wounded rescuer
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Eurypylus aids Ajax, wounds Apisaon, is shot by Paris, and still exhorts
the Greeks.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:7
label: fallen enemy
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: Apisaon receives Eurypylus' fatal javelin wound.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:8
label: vengeful archer
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Paris' bow sends the arrow that wounds Eurypylus.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:9
label: bearer of wounded man
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Nestor's chariot carries Machaon from the fighting, and Achilles directs
Patroclus to Nestor.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:10
label: wounded Greek preserver
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: Machaon is called the Greeks' preserver and is borne from battle in a chariot.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:11
label: watching commander
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: Achilles overlooks the battlefield from his ships and sends Patroclus to
gather information.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:12
label: obedient envoy under foreshadowed doom
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: Patroclus obeys Achilles' call and leaves his tent; the narrator states this
departure occurs in an evil hour.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:13
label: absent proud ruler
assigned_to:
- fig:13
basis: Achilles mentions proud Atrides trembling when the Greeks seek his aid.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: blood-stained chariot
literal_form: Chariot moving over corpses and shields, with wheels and horses stained
by gore.
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: Ajax's shield
literal_form: Moony shield or broad buckler struck by many weapons and bristling
with lodged shafts.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: sym:3
label: bow and arrow
literal_form: Paris' bow and the arrow that fixes in Eurypylus' thigh.
associated_figures:
- fig:6
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: conflicting fires
literal_form: Simile comparing both armies to conflicting fires.
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:5
label: grave as threatened death
literal_form: Eurypylus urges the Greeks to rescue Ajax from the gloomy grave.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:6
label: Nestor's chariot bearing the wounded
literal_form: Chariot carrying Machaon away from the fighting.
associated_figures:
- fig:9
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Hector's advance and Ajax's withdrawal
summary: Hector forces his way through the Greek ranks with Jove's support, while
Ajax, afraid and under pressure, withdraws slowly.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Ajax under missile attack
summary: Ajax remains in the field under repeated Trojan attacks; weapons strike
his shield and fall around him.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Eurypylus aids Ajax and is wounded
summary: Eurypylus springs forward to help Ajax, strikes Apisaon, and is then shot
in the thigh by Paris.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Greek rally around Ajax
summary: Eurypylus calls on the Greeks to rescue Ajax; a group advances with shields
and spears, and Ajax rejoins them and renews the fight.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Achilles observes and sends Patroclus
summary: As Nestor carries Machaon from battle, Achilles watches from his ships,
feels pity, and sends Patroclus to ask Nestor who the wounded man is; the narrator
foreshadows Patroclus' doom.
figure_refs:
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:12
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divinely induced panic in battle
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Jove favors Hector and sends fear into the Greeks, changing the behavior
of warriors on the field.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: The passage presents this as divine action in battle, not as a formal
judgment or ritual episode.
- id: motif:2
label: heroic last stand under overwhelming attack
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Ajax remains under repeated Trojan attack, with his shield filled by weapons,
and retreats only slowly while resisting pursuit.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: Ajax survives and rejoins the Greeks; the scene is not literally a final
stand.
- id: motif:3
label: rescue of an imperiled comrade by shielded companions
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Eurypylus urges the Greeks to save Ajax from death, and a troop advances
with shields and spears to guard him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The passage emphasizes battlefield rescue rather than a ritual or supernatural
deliverance.
- id: motif:4
label: wounded helper who still exhorts allies
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: After being wounded by Paris, Eurypylus retreats while encouraging the Greeks
to aid Ajax.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: This is a local battlefield pattern; broader recurrence is not established
by the passage alone.
- id: motif:5
label: fated departure on a fatal errand
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
basis: Patroclus leaves his tent at Achilles' summons, and the narrator explicitly
states that this occurs in an evil hour and that fate fixes his coming doom.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: The passage foreshadows the doom but does not narrate its fulfillment
within this line range.
- id: motif:6
label: wounded healer or preserver carried from battle
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Machaon, called the Greeks' preserver, is carried away from the fighting
in Nestor's chariot, prompting Achilles' concern.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage does not explicitly name Machaon's profession here beyond
calling him preserver; identification as healer depends on wider Iliadic context
not used in this extraction.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 11427-11435
quote_or_summary: A rapid chariot passes over corpses and shields; horses, car,
axle, and wheels are stained or clogged with blood and carnage.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 11436-11456
quote_or_summary: Hector breaks the Greek phalanx, avoids Ajax, and is aided by
Jove, who sends fear into the Greeks; Ajax withdraws and is compared to a lion
retreating under attack.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 11457-11476
quote_or_summary: Ajax is compared to a strong beast pursued in a field; Trojan
blows and darts strike him and his shield, which bristles with lodged weapons.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 11477-11487
quote_or_summary: Eurypylus comes to Ajax's aid, strikes Apisaon with a fatal javelin
wound, and is shot in the thigh by an arrow from Paris' bow.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 11488-11500
quote_or_summary: Wounded Eurypylus urges the Greeks to rescue Ajax from death;
a troop advances with shields and spears, and Ajax joins them and renews the fight.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 11501-11513
quote_or_summary: The armies are compared to conflicting fires; Nestor's chariot
carries Machaon from battle; Achilles watches from his ships, pities Machaon,
and sends Patroclus, whose doom is foreshadowed.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 11514-11531
quote_or_summary: Patroclus answers Achilles' call; Achilles says the Greeks will
soon value him and tells Patroclus to ask Nestor about the wounded warrior carried
in the chariot.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif labels are descriptive
and local to the scene; broader comparative claims are not made because the passage
itself does not establish them.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No comparison claims were added because the passage contains similes and foreshadowing but no explicit cross-traditional comparison.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l11427-l11531
passage_sha256=32e4a45ecad27fc69b4026a31ef0435f0f3e6902ecb07933920144bc05364928