batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11171-l11303
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11171-l11303
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: THE NIGHT-ADVENTURE OF DIOMED AND ULYSSES. / BOOK XI. / ARGUMENT / THE THIRD
BATTLE, AND THE ACTS OF AGAMEMNON.; lines 11171-11303
start: '11171'
end: '11303'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: Diomed and Ulysses kill several Trojan fighters, including Thymbraeus,
Molion, the sons of Merops, and others. Hector advances and is struck on the helmet
by Diomed but survives through the protection of Phoebus/Apollo. Paris, hidden
by the ruined monument of Ilus, wounds Diomed in the foot with an arrow. Ulysses
draws out the arrow, and Diomed withdraws to the ships. Ulysses remains alone
as Trojans surround him; he resolves to stand rather than flee and kills several
attackers before Socus approaches to aid his brother Charops.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Ulysses kills Molion, the charioteer of Thymbraeus, after Thymbraeus falls
from his car.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The sons of Merops enter battle in one bright chariot despite their father's
prophetic warning to avoid the Trojan field.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Diomed strips the shining arms from the sons of Merops after they perish.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Jove watches the slaughter from Ida while the battle remains undecided.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: Diomed kills Agastrophus as Agastrophus flees on foot, separated from his
horses.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: Hector advances with shouting troops, and Diomed throws a javelin at him.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:7
text: The javelin glances from Hector's helmet, a gift of Phoebus, leaving Hector
stunned but unwounded.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: Diomed attributes Hector's survival to Phoebus/Apollo and taunts Hector for
fleeing.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:9
text: Paris hides near the ruined monument of Ilus and shoots Diomed in the foot
with an arrow while Diomed is taking Agastrophus's armor.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:10
text: Paris boasts that a god has sped his dart and wishes it had struck Diomed's
heart.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:11
text: Diomed answers by insulting Paris as an archer and contrasting Paris's arrow
with his own deadly dart.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: Ulysses steps before Diomed, bends, and draws the arrow from Diomed's foot;
Diomed then goes to the navy.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:13
text: Ulysses remains alone on the field after the Greeks flee and the Trojans press
in around him.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:14
text: Ulysses debates whether to flee or stand and concludes that the brave meet
danger while the coward flees.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: obs:15
text: The surrounding Trojans are compared to hunters and hounds surrounding a boar.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: obs:16
text: Ulysses kills Deiopis, Ennomus, Thoon, Chersidamas, and Charops while surrounded.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: obs:17
text: Socus comes to aid his brother Charops and is described as brave, generous,
and wise.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Diomed / Tydides
description: Greek warrior who kills Agastrophus, strikes Hector's helmet, is wounded
in the foot by Paris, and returns to the ships.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Ulysses
description: Greek warrior who kills Molion and other Trojans, assists Diomed by
drawing the arrow, and later stands alone against surrounding Trojans.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:10
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:14
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Thymbraeus
description: Proud warrior who falls from his car before Molion is killed.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Molion
description: Charioteer of Thymbraeus, killed by Ulysses.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Sons of Merops
description: Two sons of Merops who ride together in a bright chariot, ignore their
father's warning, and perish in battle.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Merops
description: Father skilled in prophetic arts who warns his children away from the
Trojan field.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Hypirochus
description: Warrior killed by Ulysses.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Hippodamus
description: Warrior named as Ulysses' prize after Hypirochus dies.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Jove
description: God who watches the slaughter from Ida and holds the doubtful scale
of battle.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Agastrophus
description: Paeonian hero who tries to flee on foot and is killed by Diomed.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Hector
description: Trojan hero who advances to the rescue, is struck on his helmet by
Diomed's javelin, is stunned, recovers, remounts his car, and withdraws into the
crowd.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Phoebus / Apollo
description: God associated with the helmet that protects Hector and invoked by
Diomed as Hector's helper.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Paris
description: Trojan archer, spouse of Helen, who shoots Diomed from hiding near
Ilus's ruined monument and boasts afterward.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: Helen
description: Named as Paris's spouse and the fair cause of war.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:15
name_or_label: Deiopis
description: Warrior killed by Ulysses while Ulysses is surrounded.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: fig:16
name_or_label: Ennomus
description: Warrior killed by Ulysses while Ulysses is surrounded.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: fig:17
name_or_label: Thoon
description: Warrior killed by Ulysses while Ulysses is surrounded.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: fig:18
name_or_label: Chersidamas
description: Warrior thrust beneath the navel by Ulysses and killed.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: fig:19
name_or_label: Charops
description: Son of Hippasus, struck by Ulysses' spear before Socus comes to aid
him.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- ev:15
- id: fig:20
name_or_label: Hippasus
description: Father of Charops, named in Charops's patronymic.
role_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
- id: fig:21
name_or_label: Socus
description: Brother of Charops who comes to aid him and is called brave, generous,
and wise.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
roles:
- id: role:1
label: battlefield warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:11
- fig:21
basis: These figures act in direct combat or advance to aid combatants.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:11
- ev:15
- id: role:2
label: slain combatant
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:10
- fig:15
- fig:16
- fig:17
- fig:18
- fig:19
basis: The passage names these figures among those killed, fallen, or made prizes
in battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:14
- id: role:3
label: charioteer
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Molion is explicitly identified as the charioteer of Thymbraeus.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:4
label: warned sons who ignore warning
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Merops warns his children from the Trojan field, but fate urges them on and
they perish.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:5
label: prophetic father
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Merops is described as skilled in prophetic arts and as warning his children.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: wounded hero
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Paris's arrow pierces Diomed's foot and nails it to the plain.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:10
- id: role:7
label: lone surrounded defender
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Ulysses stands alone after the Greeks flee, while Trojan cohorts surround
him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:13
- id: role:8
label: divine watcher of battle
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Jove is located on Ida watching slaughter and the uncertain balance of battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:9
label: protected Trojan hero
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: Hector survives the javelin because it glances from a helmet said to be Phoebus's
gift.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:10
label: divine protector or helper
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: Phoebus/Apollo is associated with Hector's protective helmet and is said
by Diomed to have aided Hector.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:11
label: hidden archer
assigned_to:
- fig:13
basis: Paris shoots from near the ruined monument of Ilus after being placed behind
a column.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:12
label: spouse named as cause of war
assigned_to:
- fig:14
basis: Helen is named in apposition to Paris as his spouse and the fair cause of
war.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:13
label: brother in battlefield aid sequence
assigned_to:
- fig:19
- fig:21
basis: Socus comes to aid his brother Charops after Charops is reached by Ulysses'
spear.
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: vengeful steel / spear weapon
literal_form: steel, lance, javelin, dart, spear used in battlefield killing and
taunting
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:11
- fig:19
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:9
- ev:14
- id: sym:2
label: protective helmet
literal_form: Hector's helmet, called the gift of Phoebus, from which Diomed's javelin
glances
associated_figures:
- fig:11
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:3
label: bow and arrow
literal_form: Paris's bow, bowstring, and arrow that pierces Diomed's foot
associated_figures:
- fig:13
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: sym:4
label: ruined monument and column of Ilus
literal_form: ancient Ilus's ruined monument and the column behind which Paris is
placed
associated_figures:
- fig:13
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:5
label: boar surrounded by hunters and hounds
literal_form: simile of a boar ringed by hunters and hounds, with tusks, foam, and
fiery eyes
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: sym:6
label: steely circle
literal_form: the enclosing ring of armed Trojan cohorts around Ulysses
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Diomed and Ulysses check Trojan momentum
summary: Diomed and Ulysses kill several opponents, including Thymbraeus's charioteer
and the sons of Merops, briefly giving the Greeks relief.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:2
label: Hector advances and survives Diomed's javelin
summary: Hector rushes to the rescue with troops; Diomed hurls a javelin that glances
from Hector's Phoebus-given helmet, stunning but not wounding him.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:11
- fig:12
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: scene:3
label: Paris wounds Diomed from ambush
summary: Paris hides near the ruined monument of Ilus and shoots Diomed in the foot
while Diomed is stripping Agastrophus's armor; Paris boasts, and Diomed replies
with insults.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:10
- fig:13
- fig:14
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: scene:4
label: Ulysses extracts the arrow and Diomed withdraws
summary: Ulysses comes before Diomed, draws out the arrow, and Diomed mounts and
heads to the ships.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:5
label: Ulysses alone among surrounding Trojans
summary: With the Greeks fled, Ulysses remains alone, debates flight versus courage,
is encircled like a boar surrounded by hunters, and kills multiple attackers.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:15
- fig:16
- fig:17
- fig:18
- fig:19
- fig:21
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:5
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:13
- ev:14
- ev:15
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: prophetic warning ignored by doomed children
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Merops, skilled in prophetic arts, warns his sons away from the Trojan field,
but fate drives them to battle and they die.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: The passage gives the warning and outcome but does not elaborate the prophecy
beyond this immediate battlefield context.
- id: motif:2
label: divine protection in battle
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Hector is saved from Diomed's javelin by a helmet described as a gift of
Phoebus, and Diomed says Apollo has often aided Hector.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The passage presents divine aid but does not narrate a direct divine intervention
at this exact moment beyond the helmet and Diomed's speech.
- id: motif:3
label: hidden archer wounds heroic warrior
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Paris shoots Diomed from concealment near Ilus's monument, wounding his foot
while he is occupied with stripping armor.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: This is a battlefield ambush pattern; no broader mythic comparison is
asserted here.
- id: motif:4
label: lone hero surrounded but resolved to stand
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Ulysses is left alone when the Greeks flee, debates shame and danger, resolves
that bravery means facing danger, and fights as Trojans close around him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:13
- ev:14
confidence: high
cautions: The passage emphasizes martial courage rather than an initiatory or supernatural
ordeal.
- id: motif:5
label: warrior compared to a boar at bay
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage compares Ulysses, surrounded by enemies, to a boar encircled
by hunters and hounds.
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
confidence: high
cautions: This is a poetic simile within the passage, not necessarily an independent
narrative motif.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 11171-11180
quote_or_summary: Thymbraeus falls from his chariot; Ulysses kills Molion the charioteer;
the Greek fighters plunge back into battle and check Hector's momentum for a time.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 11181-11189
quote_or_summary: The sons of Merops ride together in a bright chariot; their father,
skilled in prophecy, had warned them away from battle, but fate drives them on
and they die; Diomed strips their arms.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 11190-11193
quote_or_summary: Hypirochus dies by Ulysses, Hippodamus becomes his prize, and
Jove looks from Ida on slaughter while the scale of battle hangs level.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 11194-11201
quote_or_summary: Diomed kills Agastrophus, who tries to flee on foot because his
horses are too far away.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 11202-11220
quote_or_summary: Hector sees the action, advances with troops, and Diomed throws
a javelin; it strikes Hector's helmet but glances away, leaving Hector stunned
and briefly darkened in sight, not wounded.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 11221-11232
quote_or_summary: Hector recovers and withdraws into the crowd; Diomed pursues and
says Hector should thank Phoebus/Apollo for his life and for repeated aid.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 11233-11244
quote_or_summary: Paris, named as Helen's spouse, sends arrows from near ancient
Ilus's ruined monument; placed behind a column, he shoots Diomed in the foot as
Diomed stoops to strip Agastrophus's armor.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 11245-11252
quote_or_summary: Paris leaps from ambush, boasts that some god sped his dart, and
wishes it had struck Diomed's heart so Troy could be relieved from him.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 11253-11268
quote_or_summary: Diomed answers by mocking Paris as a vain archer and saying the
arrow is a coward's weapon, unlike his own dart that brings death and grief.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 11269-11272
quote_or_summary: Ulysses steps in front of Diomed, bends and draws the arrow; blood
flows, pain follows, and Diomed mounts and heads to the ships.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 11273-11276
quote_or_summary: Ulysses stands alone on the field while Greeks have fled and Trojans
pour on, collected in himself.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 11277-11286
quote_or_summary: Ulysses debates flight and danger, then concludes that the brave
meet danger and the coward flees; dying or conquering proves a hero's heart.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
type: summary
locator: lines 11287-11296
quote_or_summary: Trojan cohorts press around Ulysses, forming a steely circle;
the passage compares him to a boar surrounded by shouting hunters and hounds.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:14
type: summary
locator: lines 11297-11302
quote_or_summary: Ulysses kills Deiopis, Ennomus, Thoon, Chersidamas, and Charops
in the surrounding fight.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:15
type: summary
locator: line 11303
quote_or_summary: Socus, brother of Charops, comes to his aid and is described as
brave, generous, and wise.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif labels are descriptive
and not mapped to external taxonomy except where no secure supplied taxonomy reference
applied. No comparison claims were made because the passage itself does not explicitly
support cross-textual or cross-traditional comparison.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Line subranges are approximate divisions within the supplied stable range.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l11171-l11303
passage_sha256=2a580b7733f21d35fe3b8b0dd8bbdf72af9875fa77641eeaa432eb01e3e99948