Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11029-l11169

batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11029-l11169

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l11029-l11169
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE NIGHT-ADVENTURE OF DIOMED AND ULYSSES. / BOOK XI. / ARGUMENT / THE THIRD
    BATTLE, AND THE ACTS OF AGAMEMNON.; lines 11029-11169
  start: '11029'
  end: '11169'
  translation: The Iliad
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Agamemnon kills the young bridegroom Iphidamas and strips his arms. Coon,
    Iphidamas's elder brother, wounds Agamemnon and tries to defend and recover the
    corpse, but Agamemnon kills him too. Agamemnon withdraws in pain, attributing
    his removal to Jove. Hector uses the retreat to rally the Trojans, and his assault
    is compared to hunting and storm imagery. Ulysses calls Diomedes to stand with
    him against Hector's advance toward the ships.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The speaker invokes the nine celestial Muses to identify who first faced and
    fell to Agamemnon.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Iphidamas is described as young, descended from Antenor and Theano, raised
    by Cisseus in Thrace, newly married, and having left his bride to join the war
    at Troy.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Iphidamas arrives with twelve black ships at Percopes and then marches overland
    before confronting Agamemnon.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: Agamemnon's thrown spear misses Iphidamas; Iphidamas strikes Agamemnon's belt,
    but the belt turns the point aside.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Agamemnon wrenches away Iphidamas's weapon, strikes him on the neck with a
    sword, kills him, and carries off his arms.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: Coon sees his brother's body, weeps, wounds Agamemnon near the elbow with
    a spear, and tries to draw away and shield the corpse.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Agamemnon kills Coon with a spear, Coon falls on his brother's bleeding breast,
    and Agamemnon cuts off his head.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: The two brothers are described as going together on the same dark journey
    to the realms below.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: After raging through the field with lance, sword, and stone, Agamemnon's wound
    stiffens with clotted blood and causes severe pain.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: Agamemnon mounts his chariot, commands his driver, and urges the Greeks to
    continue, saying angry Jove forbids him to stay.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:11
  text: Hector sees Agamemnon retire and exhorts the Dardans, Lycians, and Trojans
    to attack, saying Jove declares the conquest theirs.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:12
  text: Hector's urging of the troops is compared to a hunter encouraging hounds against
    a lion or bear.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:13
  text: Hector's attack on the Greeks is compared to a storm sweeping the ocean and
    to a whirlwind scattering storm-clouds and waves.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:14
  text: Hector kills a series of named chiefs and scatters the Greek ranks.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:15
  text: Ulysses calls on Tydides to join him, warning against inaction until Hector's
    force sets the ships aflame.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:16
  text: Tydides answers that he does not shun martial toil or danger, but says Jove
    crowns the Trojan side with conquest.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: The nine celestial Muses
  description: Divine addressees invoked to tell who first faced Agamemnon and fell.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Iphidamas
  description: A young warrior descended from Antenor and Theano, raised in Thrace,
    newly married, and slain by Agamemnon.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Agamemnon / Atrides
  description: The Greek king who kills Iphidamas and Coon, is wounded by Coon, and
    withdraws from battle in pain.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Iphidamas's bride
  description: The daughter given to Iphidamas in marriage, identified as Theano's
    sister, left behind when he goes to war.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Coon
  description: Antenor's eldest hope and brother of Iphidamas; he wounds Agamemnon,
    defends his brother's corpse, and is killed.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Jove
  description: Divine power to whom Agamemnon, Hector, and Tydides attribute the battle's
    direction or outcome.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: The Ilythiae
  description: Powers named in a comparison for the intensity of Agamemnon's pain,
    associated with the throes of childbirth.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Hector
  description: Trojan leader who rallies the Trojans after Agamemnon's retreat and
    leads a destructive assault.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Trojans, Dardans, and Lycians
  description: The forces Hector addresses and urges forward after Agamemnon leaves
    the field.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Greeks
  description: The opposing force urged by Agamemnon to continue fighting and later
    threatened by Hector's advance.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Greek chiefs slain by Hector
  description: Assaeus, Dolops, Autonous, Opites, Hipponous, Opheltius, Orus, symnus,
    and Agelaus are named among those killed by Hector.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Ulysses
  description: Greek warrior who calls Tydides to stand and fight beside him against
    Hector's advance.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Tydides / Diomedes
  description: Greek warrior addressed by Ulysses; he agrees to stand but says Jove
    favors the Trojans.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: invoked divine source of narration
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The speaker asks the sacred nine celestial Muses to tell who first faced
    and fell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: young bridegroom-warrior
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Iphidamas is newly married and leaves his bride to join the Trojan war.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: victorious but wounded Greek commander
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Agamemnon kills Iphidamas and Coon, is wounded by Coon, and must withdraw.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: bride left behind
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The bride is newly married to Iphidamas, who departs for war before enjoying
    married life.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: avenging elder brother and corpse-defender
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Coon grieves over Iphidamas, wounds Agamemnon, draws at the corpse, and shields
    the body.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: Trojan exhorter and assault leader
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Hector rallies the Trojans and then leads the attack himself.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: divine determiner of battle-fortune as claimed by speakers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Agamemnon, Hector, and Tydides all attribute the course of battle to Jove.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: role:8
  label: Greek rallying counselor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: Ulysses summons Tydides to join him and resist Hector.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:9
  label: Greek warrior ally called to stand
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: Tydides answers Ulysses that he does not fear toil or danger and will wait
    for Hector.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: opposing battle host
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  basis: The passage presents Trojans, Dardans, and Lycians against the Greeks in
    battle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:11
  label: slain warriors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:11
  basis: Iphidamas, Coon, and the named chiefs fall in the battle sequence.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: role:12
  label: divine figures in pain simile
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The Ilythiae are named as powers causing childbirth throes, used to compare
    Agamemnon's pain.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: twelve black ships
  literal_form: Twelve black ships used by Iphidamas to reach Percopes before marching
    to Troy.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: shield over brother's corpse
  literal_form: Coon spreads his ample shield over Iphidamas's breathless body.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: same dark journey to the realms below
  literal_form: The brothers' deaths are described as a shared dark journey to the
    underworld.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: chariot withdrawal
  literal_form: Agamemnon mounts the car; horses carry the wounded monarch to his
    tent.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: fire at the ships
  literal_form: Ulysses imagines Hector's arm involving the Greek ships in flame.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: storm and ocean battle image
  literal_form: Clouds, storm, purple ocean, waves, billows, and whirlwind used to
    depict Hector's assault.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Iphidamas leaves marriage for war
  summary: The passage gives Iphidamas's lineage, upbringing, marriage, departure
    from his bride, sea arrival with twelve ships, and overland march to the war.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Agamemnon kills Iphidamas
  summary: Iphidamas's attack fails against Agamemnon's belt; Agamemnon disarms him,
    kills him with a sword stroke, and strips his arms.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Coon avenges and joins his brother in death
  summary: Coon grieves over Iphidamas, wounds Agamemnon, attempts to protect and
    recover the corpse, and is killed over his brother's body.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Agamemnon withdraws wounded
  summary: Agamemnon continues fighting until the wound stiffens and causes severe
    pain; he mounts a chariot, exhorts the Greeks, and is carried to his tent.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Hector rallies and routs the Greeks
  summary: Hector sees Agamemnon depart, tells the Trojans that Jove favors them,
    urges them forward, and leads an assault described through hunting and storm imagery.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Ulysses calls Tydides to resist Hector
  summary: As the Greek host nears disaster, Ulysses summons Tydides to fight beside
    him and prevent Hector from setting the ships aflame; Tydides answers that he
    is willing, though Jove favors the Trojans.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Warrior leaves bride for battle
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Iphidamas is newly married but leaves the first joys of marriage to aid his
    country in war.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames this as martial departure and pathos, not as a formal
    ritual departure.
- id: motif:2
  label: Brothers joined in death
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sibling_pair
  basis: Coon defends the body of his brother Iphidamas, dies upon him, and the two
    are described as going together on the same dark journey below.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The sibling bond is explicit, but the passage is a battlefield episode
    rather than a separate sibling myth cycle.
- id: motif:3
  label: Divine favor determines battle outcome
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Agamemnon says angry Jove forbids him to stay; Hector says Jove declares
    Trojan conquest; Tydides says Jove crowns the Trojan train.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The evidence is attribution by characters and narrator-like phrasing,
    but no formal trial or moral judgment is described.
- id: motif:4
  label: Defense against threatened burning of ships
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Ulysses calls Tydides to stand with him so that Hector does not bring flame
    upon the Greek ships.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The burning is presented as an imminent threat in speech, not as an accomplished
    action in this passage.
- id: motif:5
  label: Heroic battle-rout compared to storm and hunt
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Hector's leadership and attack are explicitly compared to a hunter urging
    hounds and to violent storm and ocean imagery.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a poetic comparison within the passage, not proof of a distinct
    mythic motif outside it.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly likens Hector's assault to violent weather over water,
    making a visual comparison between battlefield rout and storm-tossed ocean.
  claim_level: visual_similarity
  target: storm-and-ocean imagery for battle disorder
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is an internal epic simile, not evidence by itself for historical
    contact or common inheritance.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage explicitly likens Hector's exhortation of troops to a hunter
    urging hounds against a lion or bear, comparing martial leadership to a hunting
    pattern.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: hunter inciting hounds as model for commander inciting warriors
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The claim concerns the passage's own comparison only; it does not establish
    a wider cross-cultural motif relationship.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11029-11044
  quote_or_summary: Invocation of the Muses; Iphidamas is introduced as young, of
    Antenor and Theano, raised by Cisseus in Thrace, newly married, leaving his bride
    for Troy, arriving with twelve black ships and marching inland.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11045-11068
  quote_or_summary: Iphidamas confronts Agamemnon; his strike is turned by Agamemnon's
    silver-bound belt; Agamemnon kills him by a sword-stroke to the neck and bears
    away his arms while the poem laments his bride left behind.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11069-11088
  quote_or_summary: Coon grieves over his brother Iphidamas, wounds Agamemnon near
    the elbow, tries to draw and shield the body, but Agamemnon kills him; he falls
    on his brother's breast, is beheaded, and the brothers go together below.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11089-11113
  quote_or_summary: Agamemnon rages with weapons until the wound clots and pains him;
    compared to childbirth pangs caused by the Ilythiae, he mounts his chariot, urges
    the Greeks to continue, says Jove forbids him to stay, and is taken to his tent.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11114-11127
  quote_or_summary: Hector sees the king retire, addresses the Dardans, Lycians, and
    Trojans, reminds them of ancestral valor, and says Jove declares their conquest
    before urging them forward.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11128-11160
  quote_or_summary: Hector's rallying is compared to a hunter urging hounds against
    lion or bear; his attack is compared to storm and ocean imagery. He kills named
    chiefs including Assaeus, Dolops, Autonous, Opites, Hipponous, Opheltius, Orus,
    symnus, and Agelaus, and scatters the Greek bands.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 11161-11169
  quote_or_summary: Ulysses calls Tydides to stand with him lest Hector bring flame
    to the ships; Tydides answers that he fears no danger, but Jove crowns the Trojan
    side and human force is vain against Jove.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The narrative actions and figures are explicit. Motif labels use only passage
    evidence and available taxonomy where applicable; divine-judgment classification
    is cautious because the passage shows divine favor rather than a formal judgment
    scene.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All evidence is drawn from the supplied public-domain passage and metadata.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l11029-l11169
  passage_sha256=1b6365a70aac01b6ab57e3ff9423346afdefca2ab85eb25b67b832d3c4245fb9