batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l10808-l10924
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg-l10808-l10924
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
passage_locator:
label: THE NIGHT-ADVENTURE OF DIOMED AND ULYSSES. / BOOK XI. / ARGUMENT / THE THIRD
BATTLE, AND THE ACTS OF AGAMEMNON.; lines 10808-10924
start: '10808'
end: '10924'
translation: The Iliad
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: Great Agamemnon then the slaughter led
summary: The passage describes the Trojan line near Ilus' tomb, Hector directing
the field, intense fighting between Greeks and Trojans, Discord rejoicing in slaughter
while the gods remain on Olympus, and Jove observing from his throne. Agamemnon
breaks the Trojan phalanx, kills Bienor and Oleus, kills two sons of Priam, and
then kills the sons of Antimachus despite their plea for ransom, citing their
father's earlier hostility to Ulysses and Menelaus.
language: English
quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The Trojan lines are positioned near Ilus' tomb on rising ground, with named
Trojan leaders present.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Hector moves through the ranks, ordering the troops and field, with his arms
flashing as he moves.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Greeks and Trojans fight closely, with horses against horses and men against
men, and neither side turns to flight at this point.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Discord is depicted as rejoicing in the scene of death and slaughter, while
the other gods remain in their golden mansions on Olympus.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: Jove sits apart on his throne, associated with glory and fate, and looks down
over Troy, the sea, ships, armies, victors, dying, and dead.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: After prolonged balanced fighting, the Greeks pierce the Trojan phalanx.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: Agamemnon leads the slaughter and kills Bienor; Oleus leaps from the chariot
to avenge Bienor and is also killed.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: Two sons of Priam, one legitimate and one born of love, ride in the same chariot
and are killed by Agamemnon.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: The killing of Priam's sons is compared to a lion finding and devouring fawns
while the mother hind flees.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: The sons of Antimachus fall on their knees, lift their hands, weep, and ask
Agamemnon to spare them in exchange for ransom gifts.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: Agamemnon refuses the plea and says the sons must die because of Antimachus'
earlier counsel against Ulysses and Menelaus.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Hector
description: Trojan leader who stands near Ilus' tomb and orders the troops and
field while moving through the ranks.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Trojan leaders near Ilus' tomb
description: Polydamas, Aeneas, Polybus, Agenor, the brother-warriors of Antenor's
line, and Acamas are named among the Trojan side near Ilus' tomb.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Discord
description: Personified immortal presence who rejoices in the slaughter and red
horrors of the battlefield.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: The gods on Olympus
description: The immortal gods remain in their golden mansions on the Olympian hill
and murmur grief above.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Jove
description: The eternal monarch seated apart on an awful throne, fulfilling decrees
of fate and looking down on Troy, ships, armies, victors, dying, and dead.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Agamemnon / Atrides
description: Greek leader who breaks through the Trojan phalanx and kills Bienor,
Oleus, two sons of Priam, and the sons of Antimachus.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:11
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Bienor and Oleus
description: Bienor is killed by Agamemnon; Oleus, his squire, leaps from the chariot
to avenge him and is killed.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Two sons of Priam
description: Brother-warriors in the same car, one of marriage and one of love;
formerly captured by Achilles and restored for ransom, now killed by Agamemnon.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Sons of Antimachus
description: The sons of Antimachus seek safety, fall on their knees in the chariot,
lift their hands, weep, and plead for mercy and ransom before being refused.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Antimachus
description: Father of the supplicants, described as having sold faithless counsel
for bribes and as having voted for Helen's stay because of Paris' gold.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Ulysses and Agamemnon's brother
description: Figures whom Antimachus had allegedly wished to have killed when they
came with offered peace.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
label: field commander
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Hector is described as plying the troops and ordering all the field.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:2
label: Trojan allied leaders
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The passage names these figures among the Trojan lines holding the rising
ground.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:3
label: personified rejoicer in slaughter
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Discord alone of the immortals is said to rejoice in and drink in the scene
of slaughter.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:4
label: distant divine assembly
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The gods are said to remain in peace on Olympus while murmuring grief and
accusing Jove's partial will.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:5
label: divine sovereign observer
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Jove sits apart on a throne, fulfills fate, and observes the battlefield
below.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:6
label: victorious Greek slaughter-leader
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Agamemnon is explicitly said to lead the slaughter and kill multiple Trojan
figures.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:11
- id: role:7
label: slain Trojan combatants
assigned_to:
- fig:7
- fig:8
basis: These figures are killed in combat by Agamemnon.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:8
label: supplicants for ransom
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: The sons fall on their knees, lift their hands, weep, and ask to be spared
for ransom.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: role:9
label: blame-bearing father
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: Agamemnon kills the sons because of Antimachus' prior counsel and hostility.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: role:10
label: targets of earlier hostile counsel
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: Agamemnon says Antimachus once stood in council to shed their blood when
peace was offered.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Ilus' tomb and rising ground
literal_form: Tomb and elevated battlefield position
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: flashing arms and lightning-like brightness
literal_form: Light flashing from Hector's arms, compared to lightning
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:3
label: Olympian hill
literal_form: Hill where the gods' golden mansions stand
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: sym:4
label: Jove's throne
literal_form: Awful throne on which Jove sits apart
associated_figures:
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:5
label: chariot
literal_form: War-car used by Bienor and Oleus, Priam's sons, and Antimachus' sons
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: sym:6
label: ransom gifts
literal_form: Brass, tempered steel, and gold offered as ransom
associated_figures:
- fig:9
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:7
label: lifted hands and kneeling plea
literal_form: Supplicatory gesture of falling on knees and lifting hands
associated_figures:
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:8
label: lion and fawns simile
literal_form: Lion devouring fawns while the mother hind flees
associated_figures:
- fig:6
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Trojan formation near Ilus' tomb
summary: The Trojan forces hold rising ground near Ilus' tomb with multiple leaders
present, and Hector orders the field.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Mutual slaughter under divine observation
summary: Greeks and Trojans fight intensely with neither side yielding; Discord
rejoices in slaughter while the gods on Olympus grieve and Jove watches from his
throne.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: scene:3
label: Greek breakthrough and deaths of Bienor and Oleus
summary: After balanced fighting, the Greeks pierce the Trojan phalanx, and Agamemnon
kills Bienor and Oleus, stripping and leaving them on the plain.
figure_refs:
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:4
label: Deaths of Priam's two sons
summary: Two sons of Priam ride together and are killed by Agamemnon; their death
is likened to a lion devouring fawns while a hind flees.
figure_refs:
- fig:6
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: scene:5
label: Supplication of Antimachus' sons refused
summary: The sons of Antimachus plead for mercy and ransom, but Agamemnon refuses
because of their father's prior hostility and orders their death.
figure_refs:
- fig:6
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
- sym:6
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Divine ruler observes mortal battle and fate
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Jove is seated apart, fulfills decrees of fate, and surveys the battlefield
with victors, dying, and dead.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage emphasizes fate and divine oversight more than an explicit
judgment scene.
- id: motif:2
label: Personified discord rejoices in war
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Discord alone among the immortals rejoices in the slaughter and horrors of
the battlefield.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: No taxonomy reference supplied directly matches this personification motif.
- id: motif:3
label: Battlefield aristeia of Agamemnon
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Agamemnon leads the slaughter, breaks through the Trojan phalanx, and kills
several named or identified Trojan opponents.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:11
confidence: high
cautions: This is a heroic combat pattern rather than one of the supplied taxonomy
families.
- id: motif:4
label: Supplication and ransom refused
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The sons of Antimachus kneel, lift their hands, weep, and offer ransom, but
Agamemnon refuses and cites their father's guilt.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
confidence: high
cautions: The exchange is a battlefield ransom plea; the supplied taxonomy's 'sacred_exchange'
is not used because the passage does not frame the exchange as sacred.
- id: motif:5
label: Children punished for father's offense
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Agamemnon says the sons of Antimachus must die because of Antimachus' earlier
counsel against Ulysses and Agamemnon's brother.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
confidence: high
cautions: The passage presents the act as vengeance or forfeit of race, not as a
formal legal doctrine.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: quote
locator: 10808-10817
quote_or_summary: Near Ilus' tomb the Trojan lines hold rising ground; Polydamas,
Hector, Aeneas, Polybus, Agenor, Antenor's sons, and Acamas are named.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation/summary.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: 10818-10825
quote_or_summary: Hector, covered with his shield, orders the troops and field;
sparks flash from his arms like lightning.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation/summary.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: 10826-10839
quote_or_summary: The battle is compared to reapers cutting a field; Greeks and
Trojans fight man to man and horse to horse without flight, each side wounding
and bleeding.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: quote
locator: 10840-10849
quote_or_summary: Discord joyfully surveys and drinks in slaughter; the other gods
remain in peace in golden mansions on the Olympian hill and murmur against Jove.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation/summary.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: 10850-10857
quote_or_summary: Jove sits apart on a glorious throne, fulfills fate, and looks
down on Troy, the sea, ships, armies, victors, dying, and dead.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: 10858-10870
quote_or_summary: As morning brightens and the fight remains balanced, the Greeks
finally pierce the black phalanx and let in the light.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: 10871-10880
quote_or_summary: Agamemnon leads the slaughter, kills Bienor, then kills Oleus
after Oleus leaps from the chariot to avenge his king; the bodies are stripped
and left on the plain.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: 10881-10896
quote_or_summary: Two sons of Priam, one legitimate and one born of love, ride in
the same car; once captured by Achilles and ransomed, they are now killed by Agamemnon.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: 10897-10906
quote_or_summary: Their deaths are compared to a lion finding fawns, cracking their
bones and devouring them, while the mother hind flees weeping and sweating.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: 10907-10919
quote_or_summary: The sons of Antimachus, seeking safety, drop the reins, fall on
their knees in the chariot, lift their hands, weep, and promise brass, steel,
and gold as ransom.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: quote
locator: 10920-10924
quote_or_summary: Agamemnon replies that if they spring from Antimachus they must
die, because Antimachus once urged the killing of Ulysses and Agamemnon's brother
despite offered peace.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/iliad-pope.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation/summary.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: The passage gives clear figures, actions, and scenes. Motif labels are descriptive;
only one supplied taxonomy reference is used cautiously, and no comparison claims
are made because the passage itself does not support external comparison.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage text and metadata; no external Iliad context added.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-iliad-pope-gutenberg__l10808-l10924
passage_sha256=d375bc477e674e7ad623910a6e84ac9290bbe9d59fdade6f60a6d2b7e76fe697