Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l8083-l8103

batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l8083-l8103

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l8083-l8103
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE EPIGONI / THE CYPRIA / THE AETHIOPIS / THE LITTLE ILIAD; lines 8083-8103
  start: '8083'
  end: '8103'
  translation: Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, and Homerica
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Fragments attributed through ancient citations describe Menelaus dropping
    his sword when seeing Helen's unclad breasts; Aethra escaping from captured Ilium
    and being recognized by Theseus' sons, with her release dependent on Helen's consent;
    and Neoptolemus taking Andromache, killing Astyanax by throwing him from a tower,
    and putting Aeneas aboard ships as an exceptional prize.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Menelaus sees Helen's unclad breasts and casts away his sword.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Aethra leaves captured Ilium and reaches the Hellenic camp.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The sons of Theseus recognize Aethra in the Hellenic camp.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Demophon asks Agamemnon for Aethra; Agamemnon seeks Helen's consent before
    granting the request.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Helen grants Demophon's request through a herald.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: Neoptolemus leads Andromache to the hollow ships and chooses her as a prize
    granted by the Achaean chiefs.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Neoptolemus takes Astyanax from his nurse's bosom, seizes him by the foot,
    and throws him from a tower, after which Astyanax dies.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: Neoptolemus puts Aeneas aboard sea-faring ships as a prize surpassing those
    of the Danaans.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Menelaus
  description: A man who catches sight of Helen and throws away his sword.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Helen
  description: Woman whose unclad breasts are glimpsed by Menelaus and whose consent
    is required for Aethra's release.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Aethra
  description: Woman who escapes from Ilium to the Hellenic camp and is recognized
    by Theseus' sons.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: sons of Theseus
  description: They recognize Aethra in the Hellenic camp.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Demophon
  description: He asks Agamemnon for Aethra.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Agamemnon
  description: He wishes to grant Demophon's request but waits for Helen's consent.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: herald
  description: Messenger sent to Helen regarding Demophon's request.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Neoptolemus
  description: Bright son of bold Achilles; takes Andromache, kills Astyanax, and
    puts Aeneas aboard ships as a prize.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Andromache
  description: Wife of Hector, chosen by Neoptolemus and given to him by the Achaean
    chiefs as a prize.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Astyanax
  description: Son taken from his nurse and cast from a tower, dying by bloody death
    and hard fate.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: nurse
  description: Rich-haired nurse holding Astyanax at her bosom before Neoptolemus
    seizes him.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Achaean chiefs
  description: They give Andromache to Neoptolemus as a welcome prize.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Aeneas
  description: Famous son of horse-taming Anchises, put aboard Neoptolemus' ships
    as a prize.
  role_refs:
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Anchises
  description: Father of Aeneas, described as horse-taming.
  role_refs:
  - role:16
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Danaans
  description: Their prizes are compared with Aeneas as Neoptolemus' surpassing prize.
  role_refs:
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: disarmed husband or warrior
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Menelaus casts away his sword after seeing Helen.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: beauty whose sight alters action
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Menelaus' glimpse of Helen's unclad breasts precedes his casting away of
    the sword.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: person whose consent controls release
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Agamemnon waits until Helen consents before granting Demophon's request for
    Aethra.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: escaped captive or refugee
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Aethra steals out of Ilium and comes to the Hellenic camp.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: recognizers of kin or associate
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The sons of Theseus recognize Aethra.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:6
  label: petitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Demophon asks Agamemnon for Aethra.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: authority granting request conditionally
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Agamemnon wishes to grant the favour but waits for Helen's consent.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:8
  label: messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: A herald is sent to Helen.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:9
  label: warrior captor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Neoptolemus takes Andromache and Aeneas as prizes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:10
  label: killer of child
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Neoptolemus casts Astyanax from a tower, causing his death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:11
  label: captive wife as prize
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Andromache is chosen by Neoptolemus and given to him by the Achaean chiefs
    as a prize.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:12
  label: child victim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Astyanax is seized from his nurse and thrown from a tower to his death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:13
  label: child's nurse
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Astyanax is taken from the bosom of his rich-haired nurse.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:14
  label: awarders of captive prize
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: The chiefs of all the Achaeans give Andromache to Neoptolemus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:15
  label: captive prize
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: Aeneas is put aboard the ships as a prize surpassing those of the Danaans.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:16
  label: named father
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: Aeneas is identified as son of Anchises.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:17
  label: comparison group for prizes
  assigned_to:
  - fig:15
  basis: Aeneas is called a prize surpassing those of all the Danaans.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: discarded sword
  literal_form: sword cast away by Menelaus
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: unclad breasts
  literal_form: breasts of Helen unclad
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: Hellenic camp
  literal_form: camp outside Ilium reached by Aethra
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: hollow or sea-faring ships
  literal_form: ships to which captives or prizes are led or boarded
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: tower
  literal_form: tower from which Astyanax is cast
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:6
  label: heraldic request
  literal_form: herald sent to Helen for consent
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Menelaus disarmed by sight of Helen
  summary: Menelaus glimpses Helen's unclad breasts and throws away his sword.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Aethra recognized and requested
  summary: Aethra escapes from Ilium to the Hellenic camp, is recognized by Theseus'
    sons, and becomes the subject of Demophon's request to Agamemnon, which requires
    Helen's consent.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Neoptolemus takes Andromache and kills Astyanax
  summary: Neoptolemus leads Andromache to the ships, takes Astyanax from his nurse,
    and kills him by casting him from a tower; Andromache is awarded to him as a prize
    by the Achaeans.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Aeneas placed aboard ships as prize
  summary: Neoptolemus puts Aeneas, son of Anchises, aboard sea-faring ships as an
    exceptional prize.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: sight of beloved or beauty causing weapon to be cast aside
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Menelaus abandons his sword after seeing Helen unclad.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage gives only a compressed fragment and does not explain Menelaus'
    motive beyond the sequence of sight and discarded weapon.
- id: motif:2
  label: recognized captive or refugee released by consent of a powerful woman
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Aethra escapes to the camp, is recognized by Theseus' sons, and her release
    depends on Helen's consent.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not explicitly call Aethra a captive in this excerpt,
    though she exits captured Ilium and is requested from Agamemnon.
- id: motif:3
  label: captive woman awarded as war prize
  taxonomy_refs:
  - stolen_beloved
  basis: Andromache, Hector's wife, is chosen by Neoptolemus and given to him by the
    Achaean chiefs as a prize.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy term 'stolen_beloved' is only an approximate family
    label; the passage frames Andromache specifically as a war prize, not as a beloved
    abducted in a romance pattern.
- id: motif:4
  label: child killed by being thrown from a tower
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Astyanax is seized from his nurse and cast from a tower, whereupon death
    and fate seize him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No ritual or cosmological significance is stated in the passage.
- id: motif:5
  label: distinguished captive placed aboard ships as surpassing prize
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Aeneas is put aboard ships by Neoptolemus as a prize surpassing those of
    all the Danaans.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The fragment does not narrate how Aeneas was taken or what later happens
    to him.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The Menelaus-Helen episode is explicitly said to be the same account found
    in Lesches' Little Iliad and in the Aristophanes/Scholiast citation.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Aristophanes, Lysistrata 155 and Scholiast account of Menelaus seeing Helen
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is a source-level comparison stated in the fragment notice; it
    does not establish broader historical transmission beyond the cited ancient witnesses.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8083-8086
  quote_or_summary: Menelaus, after glimpsing Helen's unclad breasts, casts away his
    sword; Lesches' Little Iliad is said to have the same account.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8088-8094
  quote_or_summary: Aethra leaves Ilium for the Hellenic camp, is recognized by Theseus'
    sons, and is requested by Demophon from Agamemnon; Agamemnon waits for Helen's
    consent, which she gives through a herald.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8096-8102
  quote_or_summary: Neoptolemus leads Andromache to the ships, takes Astyanax from
    his nurse, throws him from a tower so that he dies, and receives Andromache from
    the Achaean chiefs as a prize.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8102-8103
  quote_or_summary: Neoptolemus places Aeneas, son of Anchises, aboard his sea-faring
    ships as a prize surpassing those of the Danaans.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is straightforward from the supplied fragmentary summaries.
    Motif labeling is more tentative where the passage gives compressed action without
    extended context.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All claims are limited to the provided passage and metadata; no external mythographic context has been added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg__l8083-l8103
  passage_sha256=2bfa620b7a3519e5c51d6996b2ccb1e149b150a0e89cb35aa1c91d1ad7c846cd