Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l6148-l6247

batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l6148-l6247

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l6148-l6247
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
passage_locator:
  label: II. TO DEMETER / III. TO DELIAN APOLLO / TO PYTHIAN APOLLO / IV. TO HERMES;
    lines 6148-6247
  start: '6148'
  end: '6247'
  translation: Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, and Homerica
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: Born with the dawning, at mid-day he played on the lyre, and in the evening
    he stole the cattle of far-shooting Apollo...
  summary: The hymn invokes Hermes as son of Zeus and Maia, born in Maia's cave. Immediately
    after birth he leaves his cradle, finds a tortoise, transforms it into a lyre,
    sings of his own divine begetting, then turns to trickery. At night he steals
    Apollo's cattle, disguises the tracks, instructs an old vineyard-worker to keep
    silent, drives the cattle to the Alpheus, and begins to seek the art of fire.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Hermes is identified as the son of Zeus and Maia and as messenger of the immortals,
    lord of Cyllene and Arcadia rich in flocks.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Maia lives in a deep, shady cave and is joined in love with Zeus there at
    night, unseen by gods and mortals while Hera sleeps.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Hermes is born as a child described with multiple attributes including cunning,
    robber, cattle driver, dream-bringer, night-watcher, and thief at the gates.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: On the day of his birth, Hermes plays the lyre at midday and steals Apollo's
    cattle in the evening.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Hermes finds a tortoise at the cave threshold and addresses it as an omen
    and as a future source of song.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Hermes kills and hollows the tortoise, fixes reeds, ox hide, horns, a cross-piece,
    and seven sheep-gut strings to make a lyre.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Hermes tests the lyre, and it sounds marvellously; he sings of Zeus, Maia,
    their union, his own begetting, Maia's handmaids, home, tripods, and cauldrons.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: While singing, Hermes is intent on other matters, places the lyre in his cradle,
    leaves the hall, and goes to a watch-place with trickery in mind because he wants
    to taste flesh.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: At sunset Hermes goes to Pieria, separates fifty cattle from Apollo's herd,
    and drives them away.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: Hermes disguises the trail by reversing hoof-marks and walking in the opposite
    direction, and he makes wicker sandals of tamarisk and myrtle twigs.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: An old man working in a vineyard sees Hermes, and Hermes tells him to remember
    not to have seen or heard what he saw and heard.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: Hermes drives the cattle through mountains, gorges, and plains during the
    night to the river Alpheus, places them in byres, feeds them, and begins to seek
    the art of fire.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Hermes
  description: Son of Zeus and Maia; luck-bringing messenger of the immortals; newly
    born god who makes the lyre and steals Apollo's cattle.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Zeus
  description: Son of Cronos; divine father of Hermes who joins with Maia in her cave.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Maia
  description: Rich-tressed nymph and shy goddess who lives in a deep, shady cave
    and bears Hermes.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Hera
  description: White-armed goddess held by sweet sleep while Zeus visits Maia at night.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Apollo
  description: Far-shooting Phoebus Apollo, owner of the cattle stolen by Hermes.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Tortoise
  description: Mountain-tortoise found by Hermes at the courtyard gate; its shell
    is made into the first lyre.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Old vineyard-worker
  description: Old man tilling a flowering vineyard who sees Hermes crossing the plain
    through Onchestus.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Sun
  description: The Sun goes down beneath the earth toward Ocean with horses and chariot
    as Hermes approaches Pieria.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Selene
  description: Bright Selene, daughter of Pallas, climbs her watch-post near dawn
    as Hermes drives the cattle to the Alpheus.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine child
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Hermes is born to Zeus and Maia and immediately performs extraordinary actions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: trickster-thief
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage calls Hermes cunning, a robber, and thief, and describes his
    deceptive cattle theft and track disguise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: role:3
  label: inventor of the lyre
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Hermes first makes the tortoise a singer and constructs the lyre from the
    tortoise shell and other materials.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: cattle driver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Hermes is called a cattle driver and drives away fifty of Apollo's cattle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: role:5
  label: divine father
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Zeus joins with Maia and is father of Hermes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: divine mother
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Maia bears Hermes after union with Zeus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: owner of stolen cattle
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The cattle stolen and driven away by Hermes belong to Apollo.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: role:8
  label: animal transformed into instrument
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Hermes carries the tortoise indoors, hollows it, and makes it into a lyre.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:9
  label: human witness
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The old vineyard-worker sees Hermes and is instructed to keep silent.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: deep shady cave
  literal_form: cave dwelling of Maia
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - cave
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: tortoise shell lyre
  literal_form: tortoise shell fitted with reeds, hide, horns, cross-piece, and seven
    strings
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: Apollo's cattle
  literal_form: fifty loud-lowing cattle separated from Apollo's herd
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: sym:4
  label: reversed hoof-prints and wicker sandals
  literal_form: altered cattle tracks and sandals made of tamarisk and myrtle twigs
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: night concealment
  literal_form: dark night during which Hermes drives the stolen cattle
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: sym:6
  label: mountains and gorges
  literal_form: shadowy mountains of Pieria, shadowy mountains, echoing gorges, and
    flowery plains
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: sym:7
  label: fire sought at Alpheus
  literal_form: the art of fire sought after the cattle are placed in byres
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Concealed union and birth in Maia's cave
  summary: Zeus visits Maia secretly at night in her cave; Maia bears Hermes, who
    is immediately marked as cunning and capable of notable deeds.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Infant Hermes makes the lyre
  summary: Hermes leaves his cradle, finds a tortoise at the cave threshold, carries
    it indoors, and turns its shell into a seven-stringed lyre.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Hermes sings of his own begetting
  summary: After making the lyre, Hermes tests it and sings about Zeus, Maia, their
    love, his birth, and Maia's home.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Planning and theft of Apollo's cattle
  summary: Hermes leaves the hall with trickery in mind, goes to Pieria at sunset,
    steals fifty of Apollo's cattle, and disguises the tracks with reversed hoof-marks
    and wicker sandals.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Silencing the vineyard witness
  summary: An old man sees Hermes crossing Onchestus, and Hermes tells him to keep
    silent about what he has seen and heard.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: Night drive to the Alpheus and search for fire
  summary: Hermes drives the cattle through mountains, gorges, and plains under night
    and near dawn, brings them to the Alpheus, feeds and pens them, and begins to
    seek the art of fire.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: miraculous divine child performs adult deeds immediately after birth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - miraculous_child
  - sacred_birth
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: Hermes is born from Zeus and Maia and, on the same day, leaves the cradle,
    makes music, and steals Apollo's cattle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy labels are broad; the passage itself emphasizes divine birth
    and precocious action rather than a single formal motif name.
- id: motif:2
  label: trickster theft with concealed tracks
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_theft
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: Hermes steals Apollo's cattle, reverses the hoof-marks, walks another way,
    and uses unusual sandals to obscure his own trail.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage describes theft from another god; the sacredness of the theft
    is inferred from divine actors and cattle of the gods.
- id: motif:3
  label: culture invention from animal body
  taxonomy_refs:
  - culture_hero
  basis: Hermes turns the tortoise into the first singer by making a lyre from its
    shell and other materials.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage supports invention of the lyre, but broader culture-hero classification
    requires caution.
- id: motif:4
  label: secret divine union in hidden cave
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_beloved
  - sacred_birth
  basis: Zeus secretly lies with Maia in her deep, shady cave at night, and Maia bears
    Hermes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not frame the union as a marriage or ritual; classification
    is limited to hidden divine union and resulting birth.
- id: motif:5
  label: obtaining or seeking fire after cattle theft
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: After driving Apollo's cattle to the Alpheus and placing them in byres, Hermes
    begins to seek the art of fire.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: low
  cautions: The supplied passage ends as the search for fire begins, so the function
    and outcome are not shown here.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: IV. TO HERMES, ll. 1-11; source lines 6148-6247
  quote_or_summary: Hermes is invoked as son of Zeus and Maia, messenger of the immortals;
    Maia lives in a deep, shady cave where Zeus visits her secretly at night while
    Hera sleeps.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; concise summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: IV. TO HERMES, ll. 12-29; source lines 6148-6247
  quote_or_summary: Hermes is described as 'of many shifts, blandly cunning, a robber,
    a cattle driver... a thief at the gates'; born at dawn, he plays the lyre at midday
    and steals Apollo's cattle in the evening.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: IV. TO HERMES, ll. 20-38; source lines 6148-6247
  quote_or_summary: Hermes leaves the cradle, finds a tortoise at the threshold, laughs,
    calls it an omen of luck, carries it within, and says that if it dies it will
    make sweetest song.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; concise summary used.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: IV. TO HERMES, ll. 39-51; source lines 6148-6247
  quote_or_summary: Hermes cuts and hollows the tortoise, fixes reeds through the
    shell, stretches ox hide, adds horns and a cross-piece, and strings it with seven
    sheep-gut strings.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; concise summary used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: IV. TO HERMES, ll. 51-61; source lines 6148-6247
  quote_or_summary: Hermes tests the lyre, which sounds marvellously, and sings of
    Zeus, Maia, their love, his own begetting, Maia's handmaids, her home, tripods,
    and cauldrons.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; concise summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: IV. TO HERMES, ll. 62-67; source lines 6148-6247
  quote_or_summary: While singing, Hermes is intent on other matters, lays the lyre
    in his cradle, goes to a watch-place, and ponders trickery in the dark night because
    he longs to taste flesh.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; concise summary used.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: IV. TO HERMES, ll. 68-86; source lines 6148-6247
  quote_or_summary: At sunset Hermes reaches Pieria, cuts off fifty cattle from Apollo's
    herd, drives them over sandy ground, reverses their hoof-marks, walks another
    way, and makes wicker sandals from tamarisk and myrtle twigs.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; concise summary used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: IV. TO HERMES, ll. 87-93; source lines 6148-6247
  quote_or_summary: An old man tilling a vineyard sees Hermes; Hermes tells him he
    will have much wine if he remembers not to have seen or heard what he saw and
    heard, and keeps silent.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; concise summary used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: IV. TO HERMES, ll. 94-114; source lines 6148-6247
  quote_or_summary: Hermes drives the cattle through mountains, gorges, and plains
    as night passes and Selene rises; he brings them to the Alpheus, puts them in
    byres, feeds them, and begins to seek the art of fire.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; concise summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is well supported by the supplied passage. Motif assignments
    use only available taxonomy labels and remain provisional. No comparison claims
    were made because the passage itself does not explicitly compare traditions or
    motif families.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All observations, figures, roles, symbols, scenes, and motif candidates cite supplied-passage evidence only.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg__l6148-l6247
  passage_sha256=dabe54db74418603f542a97a6742b186b4021a0052c68a04e66d8e497fb4b9ec