Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l4706-l4757

batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l4706-l4757

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l4706-l4757
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE THEOGONY / THE CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE1701 / II. 1745 / THE SHIELD
    OF HERACLES; lines 4706-4757
  start: '4706'
  end: '4757'
  translation: Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, and Homerica
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Heracles faces manslaying Ares in battle. Athena, wearing the aegis, warns
    Ares that he is not ordained to kill Heracles, but Ares attacks. Athena diverts
    Ares' spear, and Heracles wounds Ares in the thigh. Panic and Dread carry Ares
    by chariot to Olympus. Heracles and Iolaus strip Cycnus' armor and depart. Ceyx
    and nearby peoples bury Cycnus, but the rain-swollen river Anaurus destroys his
    grave and memorial at Apollo's command because Cycnus had despoiled hecatombs
    being brought to Pytho.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The son of Zeus, also called the son of Amphitryon, stands face to face with
    manslaying Ares and prepares for battle.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The passage compares Heracles' battle-readiness to a raging lion and compares
    Ares' charge to a rock crashing down from a cliff.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Athena comes to meet Ares wearing the dark aegis and tells him to stop fighting,
    saying it is not ordained that he kill Heracles or strip his armor.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Ares ignores Athena, shouts, waves his spears like fire, and hurls a brazen
    spear at Heracles' great shield.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Athena reaches from the car and turns aside the force of Ares' spear.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Ares draws his sword and leaps at Heracles; Heracles wounds Ares in the thigh
    below his shield and casts him to the ground.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Panic and Dread drive Ares' chariot and horses near, lift him into the car,
    and take him to high Olympus.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: Heracles and Iolaus strip the fine armor from Cycnus' shoulders and travel
    by horse to Trachis.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: Athena leaves for great Olympus and her father's house.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: Ceyx and many nearby people bury Cycnus and honor Ceyx.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: The river Anaurus, swollen by a rainstorm, blots out Cycnus' grave and memorial
    at Apollo's command.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: Apollo commands the erasure because Cycnus used to watch for and violently
    despoil rich hecatombs brought to Pytho.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Heracles
  description: Stout-hearted son of Zeus, also called the son of Amphitryon and the
    son of Alcmena; he faces Ares, receives the attack, wounds Ares, and strips Cycnus'
    armor with Iolaus.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Ares
  description: Manslaying, deadly, chariot-borne god who attacks Heracles in anger
    over his dead son and is wounded in the thigh.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Athena
  description: Bright-eyed daughter of aegis-bearing Zeus; she wears the dark aegis,
    warns Ares, diverts his spear, and returns to Olympus.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Panic and Dread
  description: Personified attendants who drive Ares' chariot and horses near him,
    lift him into the car, and take him to Olympus.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Cycnus
  description: Dead son of Ares whose armor is stripped; he is later buried, but his
    grave and memorial are erased because he had despoiled hecatombs destined for
    Pytho.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Iolaus
  description: Glorious companion of Heracles who helps strip Cycnus' armor and travels
    with Heracles to Trachis.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Ceyx
  description: Figure who buries Cycnus with many people and is described as the friend
    of the blessed gods.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Anaurus
  description: River swollen by a rainstorm that blots out Cycnus' grave and memorial.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Apollo
  description: Leto's son, who commands Anaurus to blot out Cycnus' grave and memorial
    because of Cycnus' violent despoiling of hecatombs brought to Pytho.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Nearby peoples
  description: Countless people from the region around Ceyx's city and nearby places
    who gather for Cycnus' burial and honor Ceyx.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: heroic combatant protected from Ares
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Heracles faces Ares, Athena says Ares is not ordained to kill him, and Heracles
    wounds Ares.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: role:2
  label: vengeful divine combatant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Ares attacks Heracles in anger over his dead son and is defeated by Heracles'
    spear-thrust.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:3
  label: divine intervener and restrainer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Athena warns Ares to stop and turns aside his spear when he attacks.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: rescuing attendants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Panic and Dread lift wounded Ares into his chariot and drive him to Olympus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: dead despoiler whose memorial is erased
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Cycnus' grave and memorial are destroyed because he had violently despoiled
    hecatombs destined for Pytho.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: heroic companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Iolaus strips Cycnus' armor with Heracles and departs with him to Trachis.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: burial sponsor and friend of the gods
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Ceyx buries Cycnus, and people gather doing honor to Ceyx, who is called
    friend of the blessed gods.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: river-agent of erasure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Anaurus, swollen by rain, blots out Cycnus' grave and memorial.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: divine commander of punishment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Apollo commands the river to erase Cycnus' grave because Cycnus despoiled
    hecatombs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: burial participants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Many people gather for the burial and honor Ceyx.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: dark aegis
  literal_form: The dark aegis worn by Athena when she confronts Ares.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: spears like fire
  literal_form: Ares waves his spears, which are described by simile as like fire.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: shield and armor
  literal_form: Heracles' great shield, Ares' richly wrought shield, and Cycnus' fine
    armor stripped from his shoulders.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: chariot and horses to Olympus
  literal_form: Ares' smooth-wheeled chariot and horses, driven by Panic and Dread
    to high Olympus.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: grave and memorial
  literal_form: Cycnus' grave and memorial, later blotted out by the river Anaurus.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: rain-swollen river
  literal_form: Anaurus swollen by a rainstorm, used to erase the grave and memorial.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: hecatombs to Pytho
  literal_form: Rich hecatombs that people might bring to Pytho, which Cycnus used
    to watch for and despoil.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Heracles waits for Ares
  summary: Heracles leaves Cycnus and stands ready for Ares, with the passage using
    lion and falling-rock similes to describe the combatants' ferocity and clash.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Athena warns Ares
  summary: Athena confronts Ares in the aegis and tells him to cease, saying Heracles'
    death at Ares' hands is not ordained.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Ares attacks and Athena diverts the spear
  summary: Ares ignores Athena, rushes against Heracles with spears like fire, and
    hurls a spear at the shield, but Athena turns the force aside.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Heracles wounds Ares and Panic and Dread remove him
  summary: Ares attacks with a sword; Heracles wounds his thigh beneath the shield
    and throws him down, after which Panic and Dread carry him by chariot to Olympus.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Armor stripped and departures
  summary: Heracles and Iolaus strip Cycnus' armor and go to Trachis, while Athena
    returns to Olympus.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Cycnus buried and memorial erased
  summary: Ceyx and many people bury Cycnus, but Apollo commands the rain-swollen
    river Anaurus to erase the grave because Cycnus had despoiled hecatombs brought
    to Pytho.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine intervention in combat
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Athena warns Ares that he is not ordained to kill Heracles and later diverts
    Ares' spear.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives a clear intervention, but no supplied motif-family reference
    directly names this pattern.
- id: motif:2
  label: hero wounds a god in battle
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Heracles wounds Ares in the thigh and casts him to the ground.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a local heroic combat motif; no exact supplied taxonomy reference
    is available.
- id: motif:3
  label: divine judgment for sacrilege against offerings
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - sacred_exchange
  - sacrifice
  basis: Apollo commands Anaurus to erase Cycnus' grave because Cycnus violently despoiled
    hecatombs being brought to Pytho.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not describe a trial or formal judgment scene; the judgment
    is inferred from Apollo's punitive command and stated cause.
- id: motif:4
  label: water erases memorial
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The rain-swollen river Anaurus blots out Cycnus' grave and memorial.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The literal water action is explicit, but its broader mythic function
    beyond punishment is limited to this passage.
- id: motif:5
  label: removal to Olympus by divine conveyance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ascent
  basis: Panic and Dread place wounded Ares in a chariot and drive him to high Olympus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: low
  cautions: The passage describes transport to Olympus, but it is not presented as
    an initiatory or salvific ascent.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: 'Within the supplied taxonomy, Apollo''s command that a river erase Cycnus''
    grave after Cycnus despoiled hecatombs has the same function as a divine-judgment
    pattern: a god imposes a punitive consequence for violation of sacred offerings.'
  claim_level: same_function
  target: divine_judgment motif family
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: This is a functional comparison to a motif family, not evidence of
    historical contact or a broader cross-cultural claim.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: source lines 4706-4724; internal ll. 424-442
  quote_or_summary: Heracles, called the son of Zeus and son of Amphitryon, watches
    for the onset of manslaying Ares; the passage uses lion and falling-rock similes
    for Heracles' rage and Ares' charge.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: source lines 4725-4732; internal ll. 443-449
  quote_or_summary: Athena, daughter of aegis-bearing Zeus, meets Ares wearing the
    dark aegis and tells him not to fight, saying it is not ordained that he kill
    Heracles or strip his armor.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: source lines 4733-4740; internal ll. 450-456
  quote_or_summary: Ares is not moved by Athena; he shouts, waves his spears like
    fire, rushes at Heracles, hurls a brazen spear at the great shield, and Athena
    turns aside the spear's force.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: source lines 4741-4749; internal ll. 457-466
  quote_or_summary: Ares draws his sword and attacks; Heracles wounds Ares' thigh
    below the shield and casts him down; Panic and Dread place him in his chariot
    and drive to high Olympus.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: source lines 4750-4753; internal ll. 467-471
  quote_or_summary: Heracles and Iolaus strip Cycnus' armor and go to Trachis; Athena
    goes to Olympus and her father's house.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: source lines 4754-4757; internal ll. 472-480
  quote_or_summary: Ceyx and many nearby people bury Cycnus; Anaurus, swollen by a
    rainstorm, blots out Cycnus' grave and memorial at Apollo's command because Cycnus
    despoiled rich hecatombs brought to Pytho.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Literal sequence and figures are explicit in the passage. Motif labels are
    cautious because several patterns lack exact supplied taxonomy references.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage text and metadata; no external comparisons or unsupported taxonomy IDs added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg__l4706-l4757
  passage_sha256=bb85e3b85743e1da6545c014f88e6a5d6aceabb6fb85d16d07b0e0dd9f5d2d91