Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l2914-l3010

batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l2914-l3010

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg-l2914-l3010
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE PRECEPTS OF CHIRON / THE GREAT WORKS / THE IDAEAN DACTYLS / THE THEOGONY;
    lines 2914-3010
  start: '2914'
  end: '3010'
  translation: Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, and Homerica
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage recounts the offspring of Iapetus and Clymene; punishments
    imposed by Zeus on Menoetius, Atlas, and Prometheus; Prometheus’ deceptive division
    of an ox at Mecone; Zeus’ withholding of fire; Prometheus’ theft of fire in a
    hollow fennel stalk; and Zeus’ creation of an adorned maiden as a harmful price
    for fire, from whom the passage derives the race of women.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Iapetus takes Clymene, daughter of Ocean, as wife, and she bears Atlas, Menoetius,
    Prometheus, and Epimetheus.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Epimetheus is described as first taking from Zeus the woman whom Zeus had
    formed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Zeus strikes Menoetius with a thunderbolt and sends him down to Erebus because
    of presumption and pride.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: Atlas is assigned to uphold the wide heaven with his head and arms at the
    borders of the earth before the Hesperides.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:5
  text: Prometheus is bound with cruel chains, pierced through the middle, and subjected
    to an eagle that eats his liver, which grows back by night.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:6
  text: Heracles kills the eagle and releases Prometheus, and this release is said
    not to occur without Zeus’ will.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:7
  text: At Mecone, Prometheus divides an ox into deceptive portions, setting edible
    parts hidden under the hide and bones covered with shining fat for Zeus.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: Zeus perceives the trick, takes the portion of white fat and bones, becomes
    angry, and the passage connects this with men burning white bones to the gods
    on fragrant altars.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: Zeus withholds the power of fire from mortal men, and Prometheus steals the
    far-seen gleam of fire in a hollow fennel stalk.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: Zeus makes an evil thing for men as the price of fire; the Limping God forms
    from earth the likeness of a shy maiden, and Athene clothes and adorns her.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: The maiden is presented to gods and men, who are seized by wonder at what
    the passage calls sheer guile.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: The passage says the race of women comes from the maiden and describes women
    as a trouble for mortal men, using a comparison with drones in beehives.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Iapetus
  description: Husband of Clymene and father of Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and
    Epimetheus.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Clymene
  description: Daughter of Ocean, wife of Iapetus, and mother of four sons named in
    the passage.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Atlas
  description: Son of Iapetus and Clymene who upholds the wide heaven under constraint.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Menoetius
  description: Son of Iapetus and Clymene, called outrageous and punished by Zeus.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Prometheus
  description: Son of Iapetus and Clymene, described as clever and full of wiles;
    he deceives at Mecone, steals fire, is punished, and is released.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Epimetheus
  description: Son of Iapetus and Clymene, described as scatter-brained and as the
    first to take from Zeus the woman formed by him.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Zeus
  description: Far-seeing and cloud-driving god who punishes, assigns lots, perceives
    Prometheus’ trick, withholds fire, and commands the creation of the maiden.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  - role:10
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Hesperides
  description: Clear-voiced figures before whom Atlas stands at the borders of the
    earth.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Long-winged eagle
  description: Bird set on Prometheus that eats his immortal liver until Heracles
    kills it.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Heracles
  description: Valiant son of Alcmene who kills the eagle and releases Prometheus,
    increasing his glory.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Alcmene
  description: Mother of Heracles, identified by epithet in the passage.
  role_refs:
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Gods and mortal men
  description: Collective parties in the dispute at Mecone and witnesses who wonder
    at the maiden.
  role_refs:
  - role:16
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: The Limping God
  description: Divine craftsman who forms from earth the likeness of a shy maiden
    and makes a gold crown.
  role_refs:
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Athene
  description: Bright-eyed goddess who girds, clothes, veils, garlands, and crowns
    the maiden.
  role_refs:
  - role:18
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Unnamed earth-formed maiden
  description: A beautiful evil made as the price of fire, formed of earth and adorned
    before being shown to gods and men.
  role_refs:
  - role:19
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:16
  name_or_label: Women and female kind
  description: The race said to come from the maiden and described as living among
    mortal men to their trouble.
  role_refs:
  - role:20
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Titan father
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Iapetus is named as husband of Clymene and father of Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus,
    and Epimetheus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: Oceanid mother
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Clymene is called daughter of Ocean and bears the four sons to Iapetus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: Heaven-bearer under constraint
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Atlas upholds the wide heaven with head and arms as a lot assigned by Zeus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: Proud transgressor punished by thunderbolt
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Menoetius is struck by Zeus and sent to Erebus for presumption and pride.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: Cunning deceiver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Prometheus is described as full of wiles and divides the ox in a deceptive
    manner.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: Fire thief
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Prometheus steals the gleam of fire after Zeus withholds it from mortals.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: Bound sufferer released by hero
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Prometheus is chained and tormented by an eagle, then released by Heracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:8
  label: Recipient of Zeus-formed woman
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Epimetheus is described as first taking from Zeus the woman formed by him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:9
  label: Divine judge and punisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Zeus punishes Menoetius, assigns Atlas’ lot, binds Prometheus, and reacts
    to the ox trick and fire theft.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:10
  label: Withholder of fire
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: After the trick, Zeus refuses to give unwearying fire to mortal men.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:11
  label: Planner of compensatory evil
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Zeus commands the making of a maiden as the price for fire.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:12
  label: Boundary figures
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Atlas stands at the borders of the earth before the clear-voiced Hesperides.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:13
  label: Tormenting bird
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The eagle eats Prometheus’ liver each day until Heracles kills it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:14
  label: Heroic liberator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Heracles kills the eagle and releases Prometheus from affliction.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:15
  label: Mother of Heracles
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Heracles is called the valiant son of Alcmene.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:16
  label: Disputants and witnesses
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: Gods and mortal men dispute at Mecone and later wonder at the maiden.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: role:17
  label: Divine craftsman
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: The Limping God forms the maiden from earth and makes the crown.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:18
  label: Divine adornment giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: Athene clothes, veils, garlands, and crowns the maiden.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:19
  label: Beautiful evil and price of fire
  assigned_to:
  - fig:15
  basis: The maiden is called a beautiful evil and the price for fire, formed and
    adorned under Zeus’ plan.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:20
  label: Etiological female race
  assigned_to:
  - fig:16
  basis: The passage derives the race of women and female kind from the maiden.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Fire
  literal_form: The unwearying fire withheld by Zeus and stolen by Prometheus as a
    far-seen gleam.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: Hollow fennel stalk
  literal_form: The container in which Prometheus steals the far-seen gleam of fire.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: Thunderbolt
  literal_form: The lurid thunderbolt with which Zeus strikes Menoetius.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:4
  label: Heaven upheld at earth’s border
  literal_form: The wide heaven held up by Atlas at the borders of the earth before
    the Hesperides.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:5
  label: Chains, eagle, and renewing liver
  literal_form: Prometheus’ cruel chains, the long-winged eagle, and the immortal
    liver that regrows by night.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: sym:6
  label: Deceptive ox portions
  literal_form: Flesh and inner parts hidden under hide and paunch, contrasted with
    white bones covered in shining fat.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:7
  label: White bones on fragrant altars
  literal_form: The bones burned by human tribes to the deathless gods after Zeus
    sees the trick.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:8
  label: Earth-formed maiden
  literal_form: A likeness of a shy maiden formed from earth as a beautiful evil and
    price for fire.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:9
  label: Veil, garlands, and gold crown
  literal_form: The maiden’s silvery raiment, broidered veil, herb-flower garlands,
    and crown of gold with creatures of land and sea.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:10
  label: Bees and drones in hives
  literal_form: The simile of bees making white combs while drones stay in covered
    skeps and consume others’ toil.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:16
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Genealogy of Iapetus and Clymene
  summary: Clymene bears Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus to Iapetus,
    and Epimetheus is linked to the first taking of Zeus’ formed woman.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Zeus’ punishments of Menoetius, Atlas, and Prometheus
  summary: Zeus sends Menoetius to Erebus, assigns Atlas to hold heaven, and binds
    Prometheus for torment by an eagle.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:3
  label: Heracles releases Prometheus
  summary: Heracles kills the eagle and frees Prometheus, with the passage stating
    that Zeus permits this for Heracles’ increased glory.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:4
  label: Mecone ox division and origin of sacrificial bones
  summary: Prometheus divides an ox deceptively during a dispute between gods and
    mortals; Zeus perceives the trick and the passage links this to the burning of
    white bones for the gods.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:5
  label: Theft of fire
  summary: After Zeus withholds fire from mortals, Prometheus steals it in a hollow
    fennel stalk; Zeus becomes angry when he sees fire among men.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:6
  label: Making and presentation of the maiden
  summary: Zeus orders a harmful recompense for fire; the Limping God forms a maiden
    from earth, Athene adorns her, and gods and mortals marvel when she is displayed.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:7
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:7
  label: Consequences assigned to women and marriage
  summary: The passage derives women from the maiden and presents a discourse on women,
    wealth, marriage, old age, inheritance, and grief, including a bee-and-drone simile.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:15
  - fig:16
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Theft of withheld divine fire
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_theft
  basis: Zeus withholds fire from mortal men, and Prometheus secretly steals it in
    a hollow fennel stalk.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents the act as theft and divine provocation; broader
    culture-hero interpretation is not required for the literal extraction.
- id: motif:2
  label: Trickster’s deceptive sacrificial division
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  - sacrifice
  basis: Prometheus arranges ox portions to deceive Zeus, and the passage explains
    human burning of white bones to the gods from this event.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy label 'trickster_boundary' is supported by Prometheus’ cunning
    against Zeus, but the passage does not use the word trickster.
- id: motif:3
  label: Divine punishment for presumption and deception
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Zeus punishes Menoetius, assigns Atlas’ burden, binds Prometheus, withholds
    fire, and reacts punitively to the ox trick and fire theft.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The punishments differ in form and target; they are grouped only by Zeus’
    punitive actions in the passage.
- id: motif:4
  label: Beautiful harmful gift as price for stolen benefit
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The maiden is made as an evil for men and as the price for fire after Prometheus
    steals it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage frames the maiden as recompense or price, but this is a punitive
    exchange rather than a mutual bargain.
- id: motif:5
  label: Hero releases bound sufferer from recurring torment
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Heracles kills the eagle and releases Prometheus from the affliction of daily
    liver-eating.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference precisely matches this release scene; it
    is retained as an untaxonomized motif candidate.
- id: motif:6
  label: Divine father honors heroic son
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: Zeus permits Prometheus’ release so that the glory of Heracles, called his
    famous son, may be greater, and Zeus honors him despite anger.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The parent-child relation is explicit for Zeus and Heracles in the passage,
    but it is secondary to the Prometheus punishment narrative.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly compares the female race’s effect on mortal men to
    drones in hives that stay inside and consume the labor of bees.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Drones in thatched hives consuming bees’ labor
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is an internal simile in the passage, not evidence for historical
    contact or a cross-tradition borrowing claim.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2914-2931; Theogony ll. 507-520
  quote_or_summary: Iapetus and Clymene have Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus;
    Zeus punishes Menoetius, assigns Atlas to uphold heaven, and binds Prometheus
    for eagle torment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2931-2941; Theogony ll. 520-534
  quote_or_summary: Heracles kills the eagle and releases Prometheus; the passage
    says this occurs with Zeus’ will and increases Heracles’ glory.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2941-2965; Theogony ll. 535-560
  quote_or_summary: At Mecone, Prometheus deceptively divides an ox; Zeus perceives
    the trick, becomes angry, and the passage explains the burning of white bones
    on altars.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2966-2974; Theogony ll. 561-569
  quote_or_summary: Zeus withholds unwearying fire from mortals, and Prometheus steals
    its far-seen gleam in a hollow fennel stalk.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2974-2988; Theogony ll. 570-584
  quote_or_summary: The Limping God forms from earth the likeness of a shy maiden;
    Athene clothes and adorns her with veil, garlands, and a gold crown worked with
    creatures.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2989-2994; Theogony ll. 585-589
  quote_or_summary: The beautiful evil is brought out as the price for the blessing,
    and gods and mortals marvel at what is called sheer guile.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2995-3010; Theogony ll. 590-612
  quote_or_summary: The passage says women come from the maiden and describes their
    effect on mortal men, using a simile of drones consuming bees’ labor and discussing
    marriage, old age, inheritance, and grief.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/hesiod-homeric-hymns-homerica.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage is explicit. Motif classification
    is medium where supplied taxonomy labels are broader than the immediate wording.
    The comparison claim is limited to an explicit internal simile.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external names, identifications, or comparative traditions were added beyond the supplied passage and available taxonomy references.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-hesiod-homeric-hymns-evelyn-white-gutenberg__l2914-l3010
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