Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg-l9989-l10093

batch.motif.celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg-l9989-l10093

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg-l9989-l10093
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE RAID FOR THE CATTLE OF FRAECH / TAIN BO FRAICH / Part I / LITERAL TRANSLATION;
    lines 9989-10093
  start: '9989'
  end: '10093'
  translation: Heroic Romances of Ireland
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Fraech seeks private speech with Find-abair, who refuses elopement but
    gives him a ring as a token. Ailill demands an extensive dowry and military aid
    before granting his daughter. After discovering the ring, Ailill throws it into
    the river and sends Fraech into the water for rowan berries. A serpent attacks
    Fraech; Find-abair brings him a sword despite her father’s spear-cast, and Fraech
    kills the monster. The passage ends with an explanation of the place-name Dub-lind
    Fraech.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Fraech goes to the stream at the end of night and finds the daughter and her
    maid washing there.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Fraech takes the daughter’s hand and says he has come for her.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The daughter refuses to elope because she is the daughter of a king and queen,
    but says she loves Fraech and chooses to go to him if obtained from her family.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The daughter gives Fraech a ring as a token between them and says her mother
    had given it to her to keep.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Ailill fears that the daughter may elope with Fraech and discusses the matter
    with Medb.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Ailill says the daughter may be given if Fraech provides a named dowry including
    black-grey steeds with gold bits, milch cows with calves, and aid in bringing
    the cows from Cualnge.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Fraech swears by his shield, sword, and accoutrement that he would not give
    such a dowry, even for Medb.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: Ailill and Medb plan a way to kill Fraech while avoiding a breach of hospitality.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: At the river, Ailill asks Fraech to enter the flood so they may see his swimming;
    Fraech strips, enters the water, and leaves his girdle above.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: Ailill opens Fraech’s purse, recognizes the ring with Medb, and throws it
    into the river.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: A salmon catches the ring in its mouth, and Fraech catches the salmon and
    brings it to a hidden place by the riverbank.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: Ailill commands Fraech to bring a branch of the rowan-tree with beautiful
    berries from the brink of the river.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:13
  text: Find-abair admires Fraech’s beauty as he crosses the black pool with the red-berried
    branch near his white face.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:14
  text: When Fraech returns for more berries, a serpent catches him out of the water.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:15
  text: Fraech asks for a sword, but no man on land dares give it to him because of
    fear of Ailill and Medb.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:16
  text: Find-abair strips, leaps into the water with the sword, and leaves it in Fraech’s
    hand.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: obs:17
  text: Ailill throws a five-pronged spear at Find-abair; Fraech catches it and casts
    it back so that it passes through Ailill’s clothing.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:18
  text: Fraech cuts off the monster’s head with the sword and brings the monster to
    land.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: obs:19
  text: The passage states that Dub-lind Fraech in Brei is named from this event.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Fraech
  description: Suitor of Find-abair; enters the river, retrieves the salmon, brings
    rowan branches, is attacked by the serpent, and kills the monster.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Find-abair / the daughter
  description: Daughter of a king and queen; beloved of Fraech; gives him a ring-token
    and later brings him a sword in the water.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Ailill
  description: Father of Find-abair; negotiates the dowry, discovers and throws away
    the ring, commands Fraech to swim and gather rowan, and casts a spear at Find-abair.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:12
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Medb
  description: Queen associated with Ailill; recognizes the ring and discusses the
    plan against Fraech while noting the danger to hospitality.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: maid
  description: The daughter’s maid accompanies her to the stream for washing.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: salmon
  description: A salmon leaps to the ring thrown into the river and catches it in
    its mouth.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: serpent / monster
  description: Aquatic being that catches Fraech in the water and is later beheaded
    by him.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: youths about Ailill
  description: Youths near Ailill rise to him after Fraech casts the spear back toward
    land.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: suitor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Fraech says he has come for the daughter and asks whether she would elope
    with him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: swimmer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Ailill calls Fraech good in water and asks him to enter the flood to show
    his swimming.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:3
  label: monster-slayer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Fraech cuts off the monster’s head and brings the monster to land.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: role:4
  label: beloved daughter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Find-abair says Fraech is the one she has loved, while also identifying herself
    as a king’s and queen’s daughter.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: weapon-bringer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Find-abair leaps into the water with a sword and leaves it in Fraech’s hand.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: role:6
  label: father and marriage negotiator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Ailill answers Fraech’s request for the daughter by naming the required dowry
    and conditions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: hostile plotter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Ailill plans to slay Fraech and later engineers the river episode.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: role:8
  label: queen and co-plotter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Medb joins Ailill’s conversations, recognizes the ring, and comments on hospitality
    in the plan against Fraech.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: role:9
  label: attendant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The maid accompanies the daughter to the stream for washing.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:10
  label: ring-catching animal
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The salmon catches the thrown ring in its mouth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:11
  label: aquatic attacker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The serpent catches Fraech out of the water.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:12
  label: retainers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The youths are described as being about Ailill and rising to him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: ring-token
  literal_form: ring given by Find-abair to Fraech as a token between them
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: sym:2
  label: river / flood / black pool
  literal_form: river or flood in which Fraech swims and is attacked
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: sym:3
  label: rowan-tree branch with red berries
  literal_form: branch from a rowan-tree on the brink of the river, bearing red berries
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: sym:4
  label: serpent / monster
  literal_form: serpent or monster in the water that attacks Fraech
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
- id: sym:5
  label: sword
  literal_form: sword brought by Find-abair into the water and used by Fraech to behead
    the monster
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: sym:6
  label: five-pronged spear
  literal_form: five-pronged spear cast by Ailill at Find-abair and caught by Fraech
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: sym:7
  label: dowry cattle and milk
  literal_form: twelve milch cows, milked liquor of milk, and calves demanded as part
    of the dowry
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - milk
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:8
  label: salmon
  literal_form: salmon that catches the ring in its mouth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Secret meeting at the stream
  summary: Fraech meets the daughter at the stream, asks for conversation and elopement,
    and receives a ring-token instead of immediate flight.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Dowry negotiation and hostile counsel
  summary: Ailill fears elopement, names a large dowry and military obligation, and
    then discusses killing Fraech while avoiding a breach of hospitality.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:3
  label: Ring discovered and cast into the river
  summary: At the river, Ailill induces Fraech to swim, searches his purse, recognizes
    Find-abair’s ring with Medb, and throws it into the river; a salmon catches it
    and Fraech retrieves the salmon.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:4
  label: Rowan branch display
  summary: Ailill orders Fraech to bring a rowan branch from the riverbank; Find-abair
    admires Fraech’s appearance as he crosses the black pool with the red berries.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: scene:5
  label: Serpent attack and rescue with sword
  summary: A serpent seizes Fraech in the water; Find-abair brings him a sword despite
    Ailill’s spear-cast, and Fraech beheads the monster and brings it to land.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: scene:6
  label: Place-name explanation
  summary: The event is connected with the name Dub-lind Fraech in Brei in Connaught.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Beloved gives token to suitor
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Find-abair gives Fraech a ring to serve as a token between them after refusing
    elopement.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents the ring as a personal token; any wider sacred-exchange
    reading requires comparison beyond the passage.
- id: motif:2
  label: Bride obtained through demanded wealth and aid
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_marriage
  basis: Ailill conditions the giving of his daughter on a large dowry and Fraech’s
    armed support in the cattle raid.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: low
  cautions: The scene is a political marriage negotiation, but the passage does not
    explicitly mark the marriage as sacred.
- id: motif:3
  label: Hostile test in dangerous water
  taxonomy_refs:
  - initiation
  basis: Ailill lures Fraech into the river under the pretext of seeing his swimming
    and repeatedly sends him for rowan berries before the serpent attack.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The trial is framed as hostile plotting rather than a formal initiation.
- id: motif:4
  label: Hero attacked by aquatic serpent or monster
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: A serpent catches Fraech in the water; after receiving a sword, Fraech cuts
    off the monster’s head.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage alternates between the terms serpent and monster; no further
    cosmological meaning is stated.
- id: motif:5
  label: Beloved supplies weapon for hero’s rescue
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Find-abair enters the water with the sword when men on land will not help
    Fraech, enabling him to kill the monster.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly matches this action.
- id: motif:6
  label: Place-name derived from heroic monster episode
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: After Fraech kills and lands the monster, the passage states that Dub-lind
    Fraech in Brei is named from it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference for etiological place-name motifs was
    supplied.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: stream meeting opening'
  quote_or_summary: Fraech goes to the stream at the end of night for washing; the
    daughter and her maid are there; he takes the daughter’s hand and says he has
    come for her.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: ring-token exchange'
  quote_or_summary: The daughter refuses elopement, says she loves Fraech, and gives
    him a ring as a token, saying her mother had given it to her to keep.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: Ailill fears elopement'
  quote_or_summary: Ailill says he fears the daughter’s elopement with Fraech, though
    she would be given to him if Fraech pledged to aid them with his cattle.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: dowry demand'
  quote_or_summary: 'Ailill says the daughter will be given if Fraech provides the
    named dowry: sixty black-grey steeds with gold bits, twelve milch cows with calves,
    and military and musical support in bringing the cows from Cualgne; Fraech refuses
    by oath.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: plan against Fraech'
  quote_or_summary: Ailill and Medb discuss the danger if Fraech carries off the daughter;
    Ailill proposes to pursue and slay him, while Medb calls it a pity and a decay
    of hospitality.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: swimming invitation'
  quote_or_summary: Ailill suggests they go to the river to bathe and asks Fraech
    to enter the flood to show his swimming; Fraech strips and leaves his girdle above.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: ring found and thrown'
  quote_or_summary: Ailill opens Fraech’s purse, finds the ring, has Medb recognize
    it, and throws it into the river.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: salmon catches ring'
  quote_or_summary: Fraech sees a salmon leap to the thrown object and catch it in
    its mouth; he catches the salmon and brings it to a hidden spot on the riverbank.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: first rowan branch'
  quote_or_summary: Ailill tells Fraech not to come out until he brings a branch of
    the rowan-tree on the riverbank; Fraech breaks a branch and carries it over the
    water.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: Find-abair admires Fraech'
  quote_or_summary: Find-abair remarks on Fraech’s beauty as he crosses the black
    pool with the red-berried branch by his white face, and says she has not seen
    his equal for beauty.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: serpent attack'
  quote_or_summary: After Ailill asks for more berries, Fraech goes into the middle
    of the water and a serpent catches him; he asks for a sword, but no man dares
    give it because of fear of Ailill and Medb.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: Find-abair brings sword and spear is cast'
  quote_or_summary: Find-abair strips and leaps into the water with the sword; Ailill
    casts a five-pronged spear at her, it passes through her tresses, and Fraech catches
    it and casts it back toward Ailill.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: '9989-10093: monster slain and place-name'
  quote_or_summary: Find-abair leaves the sword in Fraech’s hand; he cuts off the
    monster’s head, brings it to land, and the passage derives the name Dub-lind Fraech
    in Brei from the event.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is strongly supported by the supplied passage. Motif labels
    involving supplied taxonomy are cautious because the passage does not explicitly
    interpret the events beyond courtship, plotting, monster combat, and place-name
    etiology. No comparison claims were made.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Footnote material was not treated as narrative evidence except where it clarified wording already present in the passage.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg__l9989-l10093
  passage_sha256=e6e2fb9be1f3a4ca3a06a41cf5934efd14360c2ff36e0d4162198f7afe6468ad