Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg-l1259-l1369

batch.motif.celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg-l1259-l1369

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg-l1259-l1369
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
passage_locator:
  label: PROLOGUE IN FAIRYLAND / FROM THE LEABHAR NA H-UIDHRI / THE COURTSHIP OF ETAIN
    / EGERTON VERSION; lines 1259-1369
  start: '1259'
  end: '1369'
  translation: Heroic Romances of Ireland
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Eochaid encounters Etain, who says she is from the fairy mound and has
    loved him since childhood. After a bride-price is paid, he brings her to Tara.
    At the Tara feast around Samhain, Ailill, Eochaid's brother, falls in love with
    Etain and later becomes gravely sick from concealed love or envy. A physician
    identifies the cause, but Ailill will not confess it. Eochaid leaves Etain to
    care for Ailill while he travels Ireland and instructs her to arrange burial honors
    if Ailill dies. Etain visits Ailill and asks what could heal him; Ailill replies
    in verse that he takes no joy in harp music and leaves milk untasted.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Eochaid is seized by desire for a maiden and sends a messenger to her kindred
    so she may await him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The maiden identifies herself as Etain, daughter of the king of Echrad, and
    says she is from the fairy mound.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Etain says she has lived twenty years in the fairy mound and that fairy-mound
    men, kings, and nobles have wooed her, but she refused them because she loved
    Eochaid.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Etain asks that a fitting bride-price be paid before her desire is fulfilled.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Eochaid gives seven cumals as Etain's bride-price and brings her to Tara,
    where she is welcomed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: 'Ailill Anglonnach is described as Eochaid''s brother and as having one stain:
    love for his brother''s wife.'
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: The men of Ireland gather for the Feast of Tara for fourteen days before Samhain
    and fourteen days after it.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: At the Feast of Tara, Ailill falls in love with Etain and gazes at her for
    as long as the feast lasts.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: Ailill's wife says that long gazing is a token of love; Ailill blames himself
    and stops looking at Etain.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: After the feast, Ailill becomes afflicted by envy and desire, develops a severe
    sickness, and is taken to Fremain in Tethba.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: Ailill remains sick for a year and hides the cause of the sickness.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:12
  text: Eochaid and then the physician Fachtna each place a hand on Ailill's chest,
    after which Ailill sighs.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: obs:13
  text: Fachtna says Ailill's sickness is caused by either the pangs of envy or the
    pangs of love.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: obs:14
  text: Ailill is ashamed and refuses to confess the cause of his illness to Fachtna.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: obs:15
  text: Before departing on a royal progress through Ireland, Eochaid tells Etain
    to treat Ailill gently and to provide burial honors if he dies.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
- id: obs:16
  text: Eochaid specifies a burial mound, a standing-stone, and Ogham writing in memory
    of Ailill if Ailill dies.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
- id: obs:17
  text: Etain visits the house where Ailill lies sick and asks what ails him and what
    would content him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:16
- id: obs:18
  text: In verse, Ailill says he takes no joy in the pleasant sound of the harp and
    that milk lies untasted beside him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Eochaid Airem
  description: King who desires Etain, pays her bride-price, brings her to Tara, and
    later leaves on a royal progress through Ireland.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:15
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Etain
  description: Maiden from the fairy mound, daughter of the king of Echrad, later
    Eochaid's wife, who cares for Ailill during his sickness.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Ailill Anglonnach
  description: Brother of Eochaid, called Ailill of the Single Stain because of his
    love for his brother's wife; he becomes sick from envy or love.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Ailill's wife
  description: Daughter of Luchta of the Red Hand from Leinster; she notices Ailill's
    long gazing at Etain.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Fachtna
  description: Eochaid's chief physician who diagnoses Ailill's sickness as caused
    by envy or love.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Men, kings, and nobles of the elf-mounds
  description: Inhabitants of the fairy mounds who wooed Etain but were refused.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Men of Ireland
  description: Assembly attending the Feast of Tara around Samhain.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: king
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Eochaid is called the king and acts as ruler.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:15
- id: role:2
  label: bride-price payer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Eochaid gives seven cumals as Etain's bride-price.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: fairy-mound maiden
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Etain says she is from the fairy mound and was born in the mound where the
    fairies dwell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: beloved bride
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Eochaid desires Etain, pays her bride-price, and brings her to Tara.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: brother in forbidden love
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Ailill is Eochaid's brother and is said to love his brother's wife.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: lovesick sufferer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Ailill becomes sick after desiring Etain, and Fachtna attributes the illness
    to envy or love.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:13
- id: role:7
  label: absent royal traveler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Eochaid departs on a royal progress through Ireland for a year.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
- id: role:8
  label: caregiver and questioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Eochaid asks Etain to deal gently with Ailill, and she visits him to ask
    what would content him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
- id: role:9
  label: observer of love-token
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Ailill's wife identifies long gazing as a token of love.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:10
  label: diagnostic physician
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Fachtna is summoned as chief physician and diagnoses Ailill's condition.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: role:11
  label: unsuccessful otherworld suitors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The fairy-mound men, kings, and nobles wooed Etain, but she refused them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:12
  label: festival assembly
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: All the men of Ireland come to the Feast of Tara.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: fairy mound
  literal_form: mound where the fairies dwell
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: bride-price of seven cumals
  literal_form: value of seven cumals
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:3
  label: Tara feast at Samhain
  literal_form: festival of Tara held fourteen days before and after Samhain
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: sym:4
  label: long gazing
  literal_form: Ailill gazing upon Etain from afar
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: sym:5
  label: sick-bed
  literal_form: Ailill lying sick for a year in Fremain of Tethba
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:16
- id: sym:6
  label: burial mound and standing-stone
  literal_form: burial mound, standing-stone, and Ogham inscription
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
- id: sym:7
  label: milk untasted
  literal_form: milk lying untasted beside Ailill
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - milk
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
- id: sym:8
  label: harp sound without joy
  literal_form: pleasant sound of the harp that gives Ailill no joy
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Etain identifies herself to Eochaid
  summary: Eochaid seeks speech with the maiden; Etain gives her name, lineage, fairy-mound
    origin, and long-standing love for him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:2
  label: Bride-price and arrival at Tara
  summary: Etain requires a fitting bride-price; Eochaid gives seven cumals and brings
    her to Tara, where she is welcomed.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:3
  label: Ailill's love at the Tara feast
  summary: During the Tara feast around Samhain, Ailill gazes at Etain until his wife
    identifies the gaze as a token of love; he then stops looking at her.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:4
  label: Ailill's concealed sickness and diagnosis
  summary: After the feast Ailill becomes sick from desire and envy, hides the cause,
    and is diagnosed by Fachtna as suffering from envy or love.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
- id: scene:5
  label: Eochaid entrusts Ailill to Etain
  summary: Eochaid leaves on a royal progress and asks Etain to treat Ailill gently
    and arrange a mound, standing-stone, and Ogham inscription if he dies.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
- id: scene:6
  label: Etain questions Ailill in his sickness
  summary: Etain visits Ailill and asks what ails him and what would heal him; Ailill
    answers that he does not enjoy harp music and leaves milk untasted.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:16
  - ev:17
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Otherworld woman becomes king's bride
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_beloved
  - sacred_marriage
  basis: Etain is identified as a maiden from the fairy mound; Eochaid desires her,
    pays her bride-price, and brings her to Tara as his wife.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage uses fairy-mound origin rather than explicitly divine status;
    the sacred-marriage framing is interpretive and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:2
  label: Bride-price as condition for union
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Etain requires that a fitting bride-price be paid before her desire is fulfilled,
    and Eochaid pays seven cumals.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents a legal or social exchange; any sacred dimension
    depends on wider context.
- id: motif:3
  label: Concealed forbidden love causes wasting sickness
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Ailill loves his brother's wife, becomes sick after the feast, hides the
    cause, and is diagnosed as suffering from envy or love.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
  confidence: high
  cautions: No taxonomy reference is supplied that directly names lovesickness or
    forbidden desire.
- id: motif:4
  label: Seasonal festival as setting for desire
  taxonomy_refs:
  - seasonal_cycle
  basis: The love of Ailill for Etain arises at the Feast of Tara, held before and
    after Samhain, the day when summer ends.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage makes Samhain the temporal setting; it does not explicitly
    state that the seasonal boundary causes the desire.
- id: motif:5
  label: Memorial mound and inscribed standing-stone for the threatened dead
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Eochaid instructs Etain that if Ailill dies, a burial mound should be heaped,
    a standing-stone set up, and Ogham letters written on it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is an instructed funerary commemoration rather than an enacted burial
    in the passage.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 1259-1265
  quote_or_summary: Eochaid desires the maiden, sends a man to her kindred, comes
    to her, and asks her origin.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: 1265-1268
  quote_or_summary: '"Etain is my name, the daughter of the king of Echrad; ''out
    of the fairy mound'' am I"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 1268-1281
  quote_or_summary: Etain says she came under Eochaid's safeguard, has lived twenty
    years since birth in the fairy mound, was wooed by fairy-mound men, kings, and
    nobles, and loved Eochaid before seeing him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: 1283-1285
  quote_or_summary: '"Let the bride-price that befits me be paid," said the maiden,
    "and after that let my desire be fulfilled."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 1285-1288
  quote_or_summary: Eochaid gives the value of seven cumals as bride-price and brings
    Etain to Tara, where she is welcomed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 1290-1295
  quote_or_summary: Three brothers, sons of Finn, include Eochaid Airem and Ailill
    Anglonnach; Ailill's only stain is love for his brother's wife.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 1295-1299
  quote_or_summary: All the men of Ireland come to the festival of Tara for fourteen
    days before Samhain, when summer ends, and fourteen days after.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 1299-1302
  quote_or_summary: At the Tara feast, love for Etain comes upon Ailill, and he gazes
    upon her throughout the feast.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 1302-1308
  quote_or_summary: Ailill's wife, daughter of Luchta of the Red Hand, asks why he
    gazes from afar and says long gazing is a token of love; Ailill blames himself
    and stops looking.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: 1310-1315
  quote_or_summary: After the feast, Ailill is filled with envy and desire, brings
    on a choking misery of sickness, and is taken to Fremain in Tethba.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: 1315-1318
  quote_or_summary: Ailill remains sick and distressed for a year but lets no one
    know the cause of his sickness.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: 1318-1327
  quote_or_summary: Eochaid learns of Ailill's condition, places his hand on Ailill's
    chest, and Ailill sighs; Ailill says he grows worse but does not know what ails
    him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: 1329-1336
  quote_or_summary: Fachtna, Eochaid's chief physician, is summoned, places his hand
    on Ailill's chest, and says the sickness is caused by either envy or love.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:14
  type: summary
  locator: 1336-1339
  quote_or_summary: Ailill is ashamed and refuses to confess the cause of his illness
    to Fachtna, who then leaves him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:15
  type: summary
  locator: 1341-1352
  quote_or_summary: Eochaid leaves Etain in his fortress while he makes a royal progress
    through Ireland; he tells her to treat Ailill gently and, if Ailill dies, to heap
    a burial mound, set a standing-stone, and write his name in Ogham.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:16
  type: summary
  locator: 1356-1362
  quote_or_summary: Etain comes to the house where Ailill lies sick and asks what
    ails him, saying that if they knew what would content him he should have it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:17
  type: quote
  locator: 1363-1369
  quote_or_summary: '"I joy naught at my harp''s pleasant sound; / Milk untasted beside
    me is lying"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is strongly supported by the supplied passage. Motif labels
    involving divine or sacred categories require review because the passage itself
    says fairy-mound origin and bride-price but does not explicitly provide interpretive
    classifications.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the supplied passage does not itself make an explicit comparative claim to another text, tradition, or motif family beyond candidate taxonomy tagging.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg__l1259-l1369
  passage_sha256=689aa6c0676bfee8a9f18e2a1bda57851da6c92897dc83958c4d6134c0c978e6