Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg-l10277-l10425

batch.motif.celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg-l10277-l10425

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg-l10277-l10425
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
passage_locator:
  label: Part I / LITERAL TRANSLATION / TAIN BO FRAICH / PART II; lines 10277-10425
  start: '10277'
  end: '10425'
  translation: Heroic Romances of Ireland
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Fraech learns that his cattle, wife, and children have been stolen and
    taken toward the Alps. Against his mother's warning, he sets out with men and
    later gains Conall Cernach as companion. After a long overseas journey they reach
    the Alps, meet women of Irish or Ulster connection who guide them, and learn that
    the stolen cattle and captive lady are in a stronghold guarded by a dangerous
    serpent at the gate. One woman plans to leave the castle portal open at night,
    while warning that the serpent and a serpent host may obstruct them.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Fraech is told that his cattle have been stolen and that his wife and children
    have been hidden in the southern Alps; three of his kine have been carried to
    Alba by Picts.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Fraech's mother advises him to stay home rather than risk his life, offering
    to replace the lost cattle.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Fraech refuses to remain at home, citing an obligation connected with cattle
    taken from Cualgne to Ailill and Maev.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Fraech selects three times nine men for the expedition and travels with a
    hawk and a hound on a leash.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: At Ben Barchi, Fraech meets Conall Cernach, tells him of the plunder, asks
    his aid, and Conall agrees to go with him.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: Fraech, Conall, and their company pass over ocean from Ireland, travel through
    North Saxony, sight the South Sea, pass south over Ichtian foam, and reach Lombardy
    near the Alps.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: On the Alps they meet a woman herding sheep who says her mother was from Ireland
    and who describes the land as grim, hostile, and associated with captured women
    and cattle.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The sheep-herding woman identifies Fraech's stolen cattle, wife, and three
    children as present in the region, and says she can guide but not fight.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: Another woman near the herd tells the travelers that the cattle are theirs
    and that the lady is kept in towers; she warns that the greatest danger is a serpent
    guarding the Liss at the gate.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The woman near the herd recognizes Conall Cernach as an Ulster hero and says
    prophecies foretold that Conall will bring ruin to the hold and sack it.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: The woman plans to leave the castle portal open at evening under the pretext
    of keeping weak calves for milk, so the attackers may enter while the inhabitants
    sleep.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: The woman warns that the serpent remains to be overcome and that a serpent
    host may swarm from it.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Fraech
  description: Man whose cattle, wife, and children have been stolen; he undertakes
    the recovery expedition.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Fraech's mother
  description: She meets Fraech, tells him where his losses have been taken, warns
    him not to go, and offers to replace the cattle.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Conall Cernach
  description: Ulster hero met at Ben Barchi who joins Fraech's quest and is later
    recognized as the prophesied destroyer of the hold.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Fraech's expeditionary men
  description: Three times nine men chosen to accompany Fraech on the foray.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Sheep-herding woman on the Alps
  description: A woman herding sheep whose mother was from Ireland; she describes
    the hostile land and provides guidance.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Woman near the herd / Ulster-born helper
  description: A woman connected with Ulster who receives the travelers, confirms
    their losses, warns of the serpent, and plans to leave the portal open.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Fraech's wife / lady in the towers
  description: Fraech's wife is said to be kept in towers or in the king's dwelling;
    the men of the hold obey her.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Fraech's three children
  description: Fraech's children are among those taken and said to be in the foreign
    land.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Stolen cattle / kine
  description: Fraech's cattle are stolen, with some carried to Alba and others pasturing
    near the foreign hold.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Serpent guarding the Liss
  description: A serpent guards the Liss at the gate and is expected to be the hardest
    obstacle; a serpent host may swarm from it.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Warriors and men of the hold
  description: Warriors of the grim land raid for captives and cattle; the men of
    the hold obey the captive lady.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Dispossessed questing hero
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Fraech's family and cattle are stolen, and he leads a journey to recover
    them despite warnings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: Warning mother and substitute-provider
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: She warns Fraech against the search and offers to replace the lost cattle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: Heroic companion and prophesied sacker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Conall agrees to accompany Fraech and is later named in prophecies as the
    one who will sack the hold.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: Armed expeditionary followers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Three times nine men are chosen to march with Fraech.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: Kin-linked foreign guide
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: She identifies herself as kin through an Irish mother, describes the land,
    and can guide the travelers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: Internal helper and gate-opener
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: She receives the travelers, gives tactical advice, and plans to leave the
    castle portal open at night.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:7
  label: Captive or resident lady in the hold
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Fraech's wife is said to dwell in the king's place or be kept in towers,
    and the hold's men obey her.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: Stolen children
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Fraech's three children are named among the stolen people located in the
    foreign land.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:9
  label: Stolen wealth-herd
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The cattle are the stolen property whose location drives the expedition.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: Serpent guardian obstacle
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The serpent guards the Liss at the gate and may foil the plan.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:11
  label: Hostile raiders and garrison
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: The land's warriors are associated with taking captives and cattle, and the
    hold contains men who obey the lady.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Serpent guardian
  literal_form: Serpent guarding the Liss at the gate, with a possible serpent host
    swarming from it.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: sym:2
  label: Alps / wild mountains
  literal_form: Southern Alps, wild mountains, and high peaks of Alpa where the stolen
    people and cattle are hidden.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: Castle portal and Liss gate
  literal_form: A castle portal to be left open at evening and a Liss gate guarded
    by the serpent.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: sym:4
  label: Stolen cattle / kine
  literal_form: Cattle and kine taken from Fraech and pasturing near the foreign hold.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: Hawk and hound
  literal_form: A hawk flying before the expedition and a hound tied with a hunting-leash.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:6
  label: Sea crossing
  literal_form: Ocean, sea billows, and Ichtian foam crossed on the way from Ireland
    toward the Alps.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: The theft and maternal warning
  summary: Fraech learns that his cattle, wife, and children have been stolen and
    hidden far away; his mother urges him not to pursue them and offers to replace
    the cattle.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Fraech departs and gains Conall
  summary: Fraech refuses to stay, gathers men with hunting animals, meets Conall
    Cernach at Ben Barchi, and obtains his aid.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Journey overseas to the Alps
  summary: The expedition crosses seas and foreign lands from Ireland toward Lombardy,
    where the high Alps mark the sought destination.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Alpine guides reveal the stolen people and herd
  summary: A sheep-herding woman of Irish kin and a second woman connected with Ulster
    identify the hostile land, the stolen cattle, and the lady in the towers.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Prophecy, open gate, and serpent obstacle
  summary: The Ulster-born helper recognizes Conall as the prophesied destroyer of
    the hold and sets a plan to leave the portal open, while warning that the serpent
    guardian remains the chief obstacle.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Stolen wife, children, and cattle recovery quest
  taxonomy_refs:
  - stolen_beloved
  basis: Fraech's wife, children, and cattle are taken to a distant land, and the
    passage follows his departure to find them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage includes stolen cattle and children as well as the wife; the
    available taxonomy label only partially covers the broader loss.
- id: motif:2
  label: Hero departs despite warning
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Fraech's mother warns that the quest will cost him his life or fail, but
    Fraech refuses to stay and gathers a company.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents a martial recovery expedition rather than a purely
    initiatory departure.
- id: motif:3
  label: Distant journey over sea to mountain land
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Fraech, Conall, and their men cross the ocean and foreign regions until the
    Alps appear as the goal of the search.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The text frames the journey as practical pursuit of stolen goods and family;
    any broader quest classification should be reviewed.
- id: motif:4
  label: Foreign kin-helper guides the hero
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: A woman whose mother was Irish and another woman linked to Ulster provide
    local knowledge, identify the stolen people and cattle, and help the travelers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: No specific taxonomy reference is supplied for this helper pattern.
- id: motif:5
  label: Gate opened from within for night entry
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: The internal helper plans to leave the castle portal open while the inhabitants
    sleep, allowing the attackers to enter.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is approximate; the passage emphasizes tactical
    assistance rather than an explicit trickster figure.
- id: motif:6
  label: Serpent guardian of stronghold gate
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: A serpent guards the Liss at the gate, is expected to be the greatest danger,
    and may be accompanied by a serpent host.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not yet narrate the serpent's defeat, only the warning
    and anticipated obstacle.
- id: motif:7
  label: Prophecy of the hero sacking the hold
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The Ulster-born woman says prophets foretold that Conall Cernach would bring
    ruin and sack the hold.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage reports the prophecy but does not in this excerpt show its
    fulfillment.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10277-10304
  quote_or_summary: Fraech's mother says his cattle were stolen, his wife and children
    hidden in the southern Alps, and three kine taken by Picts to Alba; she urges
    him not to seek them and offers replacement cattle.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10305-10328
  quote_or_summary: Fraech refuses to stay, gathers three times nine men with a hawk
    and leashed hound, meets Conall Cernach at Ben Barchi, tells him of the spoil,
    and receives his aid.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10329-10352
  quote_or_summary: Fraech, Conall, and their company pass over ocean from Ireland,
    through North Saxony, across southern seas, and toward Lombardy until the high
    Alps appear as the goal.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10353-10372
  quote_or_summary: On the Alps, a sheep-herding woman says her mother came from Ireland,
    warns that ill luck awaits Irishmen there, and describes a grim land where warriors
    take captives, women, and cattle.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10373-10394
  quote_or_summary: 'The woman says the latest spoil was taken from Fraech: his kine,
    wife, and three children; she says his wife is with the king and his cattle are
    visible, and she directs the men to another Irish-linked woman by the herd.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10395-10407
  quote_or_summary: The woman near the herd hears that the cattle and the lady in
    the towers belong to the travelers, says the lady is obeyed by the men of the
    hold, and warns of the serpent guarding the Liss at the gate.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10408-10418
  quote_or_summary: After learning that the men are from Ulster, the woman embraces
    Conall Cernach and says prophets foretold that he would bring ruin and sack the
    hold.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10419-10425
  quote_or_summary: The woman advises that she will leave the castle portal open at
    evening under a pretext about weak calves and milk; the attackers may enter while
    the inhabitants sleep, but the serpent and its possible serpent host remain to
    be overcome.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage provides clear literal actions, figures, and serpent-gate imagery.
    Motif assignments using the supplied taxonomy are partly approximate, especially
    for helper and boundary-entry patterns. No passage-supported external comparison
    claims were made.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used; comparison claims were left empty because the passage itself does not support a specific comparative claim beyond internal Irish/Ulster references.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-irish-heroic-romances-of-ireland-leahy-gutenberg__l10277-l10425
  passage_sha256=dd9da1a2f3ba17bfd9b5434368c59608ee0aca96d1e6a2ca7a29da8e6ccc849f