Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l4132-l4180

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l4132-l4180

---
record_id: batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l4132-l4180
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER VII / XVIII / CHAPTER VIII / XVIII; lines 4132-4180
  start: '4132'
  end: '4180'
  translation: The Persian Literature, Volume 2, The Gulistan
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A sequence of didactic sayings warns against aiding the wicked, following
    an adversary's counsel, ruling without clemency or learning, indulging anger,
    and trying to escape the consequences of one's own evil disposition. Images include
    a snake, opposed paths, fire, dust or earth, and ascent to heaven.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage states that putting a wicked man to death frees mankind from his
    mischief and frees the wicked man from God's vengeance.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The passage warns that compassion toward a snake is misplaced because the
    snake is described as a pest to the sons of Adam.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The passage advises hearing an adversary's counsel in order to do the contrary,
    including turning left if the foe indicates a straight path to the right.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: 'The passage identifies two enemies of church and state: a king without clemency
    and a holy man without learning.'
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The passage says a king should regulate anger toward enemies so that friends
    are not alarmed.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: 'Anger is described through the image of fire: passion first falls on the
    angry person and later sends sparks toward the foe.'
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Human beings are described as children of Adam formed of dust, and pride,
    arrogance, and passion are contrasted with earth and fire.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: A speaker asks a holy man in Bailcan for instruction to cleanse ignorance;
    the holy man tells him to bear things patiently like the earth or bury what he
    has read under the earth.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: An evil-disposed man is described as captive to an enemy identified as himself.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: The passage says that even if a wicked man ascended to heaven, the hand of
    his own evil heart would follow him with misfortune.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: wicked man
  description: A person whose death is said to deliver mankind from mischief and himself
    from God's vengeance.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: snake
  description: A snake used as an example of a harmful being toward whom compassion
    is misplaced.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: adversary or foe
  description: An enemy whose advice should be heard only so that the hearer may do
    the opposite.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: king or prince
  description: A ruler warned to possess clemency and regulate anger toward enemies
    without alarming friends.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: holy man without learning
  description: A religious figure without learning, named as an enemy of church and
    state.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: holy man in Bailcan
  description: A holy man who instructs a questioner to bear things patiently like
    the earth or bury what he has read under the earth.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: questioner
  description: A speaker who asks the holy man in Bailcan to cleanse him of ignorance
    by instruction.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: evil-disposed man
  description: A person described as captive to himself and unable to escape his own
    evil heart even by ascent to heaven.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: wicked harmful person
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The figure is associated with mischief and God's vengeance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: dangerous creature
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The snake is described as a pest to the sons of Adam.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: deceptive or opposed counselor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The adversary's advice is to be opposed rather than followed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: ruler under ethical warning
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The ruler is warned to have clemency, obedience to God, and controlled anger.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: unlearned religious authority
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The holy man without learning is classed among enemies of church and state.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: spiritual instructor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The holy man gives instruction about patience and the earth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: seeker of instruction
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The speaker asks to be cleansed of ignorance by instruction.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: self-bound wrongdoer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The evil-disposed man is said to be captive to himself and followed by his
    own evil heart.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: snake
  literal_form: snake
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: opposed paths
  literal_form: right-hand path and left-hand path
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: fire of passion
  literal_form: fire and sparks
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: earth or dust
  literal_form: dust, earth, and burial under earth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: ascent to heaven
  literal_form: wicked man ascending up to heaven
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: evil heart
  literal_form: the hand of his own evil heart
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Warning against sparing the wicked and the snake
  summary: The passage argues that destroying a wicked man prevents harm and uses
    compassion toward a snake as an example of misplaced mercy.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Adversary's advice and contrary road
  summary: The passage advises listening to an adversary's recommendation only to
    choose the opposite course, illustrated by rejecting the foe's indicated right-hand
    path and turning left.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Faulty rulers and religious authorities
  summary: The passage names a king without clemency and a holy man without learning
    as enemies of church and state, and adds that a ruler should obey God's will.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Anger, fire, and instruction in patience
  summary: The passage warns a king against uncontrolled anger, compares passion to
    fire, describes humans as dust, and recounts a holy man's counsel to bear things
    patiently like the earth.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Self-captivity and failed ascent
  summary: The passage says an evil-disposed man is captive to himself and cannot
    escape his own evil heart even by ascending to heaven.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: dangerous being spared through misplaced compassion
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: The passage explicitly uses compassion toward a snake as a warning against
    aiding the wicked.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage is aphoristic rather than a developed serpent narrative.
- id: motif:2
  label: enemy counsel inverted
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage gives practical counsel to hear an adversary's recommendation
    and then act in the opposite way.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a wisdom maxim rather than a narrative episode.
- id: motif:3
  label: ethical kingship requiring clemency and self-control
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  - royal_legitimacy
  basis: The passage warns that a king without clemency harms church and state, and
    that a ruler's anger must be regulated.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Royal legitimacy is only indirectly involved through ethical requirements
    for rule.
- id: motif:4
  label: anger as destructive fire
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage compares passion to fire that first harms the angry person and
    may later reach the foe.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The available symbol taxonomy includes fire, but the motif taxonomy does
    not include a specific anger-fire category.
- id: motif:5
  label: earth-like patience as spiritual instruction
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: A holy man instructs the questioner to bear things patiently like the earth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif appears as a didactic saying, not a full initiation or quest
    sequence.
- id: motif:6
  label: inescapable inner enemy
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The evil-disposed person is described as captive to himself and unable to
    escape his own evil heart, even by ascent to heaven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The ascent image is hypothetical and serves a moral maxim.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4132-4136
  quote_or_summary: The passage says killing a wicked man frees others from harm and
    the wicked man from God's vengeance; it also warns against compassion toward a
    snake.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4138-4145
  quote_or_summary: The passage says one should hear an adversary's advice in order
    to do the contrary, illustrated by refusing the foe's indicated straight right-hand
    path and turning left.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4151-4155
  quote_or_summary: The passage names the king without clemency and the holy man without
    learning as enemies of church and state, and says a prince should be obedient
    to God's will.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4157-4168
  quote_or_summary: The passage warns that a king's anger may alarm friends, compares
    passion to fire, describes humans as formed of dust, and recounts a holy man's
    counsel to be patient like the earth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4176-4180
  quote_or_summary: The passage says an evil-disposed man is captive to himself and
    that even ascent to heaven would not free him from the misfortune caused by his
    own evil heart.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage is a set of moral aphorisms with clear symbols and didactic patterns,
    but most motif labels are candidate abstractions rather than developed narrative
    motifs.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata. No external comparisons were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg__l4132-l4180
  passage_sha256=b1c4f29b45f0829884f9b6116957b521bbf94d7257f80c09117c90644c529555