Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l3510-l3630

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l3510-l3630

---
record_id: batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l3510-l3630
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER V / XVIII. / CHAPTER VI / CHAPTER VII; lines 3510-3630
  start: '3510'
  end: '3630'
  translation: The Persian Literature, Volume 2, The Gulistan
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A sequence of brief didactic anecdotes contrasts equal teaching with unequal
    capacities, urges trust in divine provision, emphasizes works over ancestry at
    judgment, uses scorpion lore to warn against ingratitude to parents, criticizes
    contentious pilgrims, warns against unsafe amusements, condemns consulting an
    unfit practitioner, and offers a restrained epitaph for a dead son using garden
    and spring imagery.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A king entrusts his son to a preceptor, later blames the preceptor for the
    son's poor progress, and is told that the education was the same but capacities
    differed.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A learned senior tells a disciple that if humans sought God as anxiously as
    sustenance, their places in Paradise would surpass those of angels.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The senior lists faculties and bodily features said to have been bestowed
    before birth, including soul, reason, speech, judgment, hands, fingers, and arms.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: An Arab tells his son that on the day of judgment God asks about deeds in
    life, not lineage.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The covering of the Caabah is described as venerable because of its association
    with a venerable friend, not because of its material origin.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Scorpions are reported to be born by eating through and tearing open their
    mother's wombs, and this is used as an example in a moral comment about conduct
    toward parents.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: A scorpion, asked why it does not appear in winter, answers by alluding to
    its bad character in summer.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: During a pilgrimage to Mecca, quarrels arise among foot-travellers, and a
    rider compares chess pawns that improve on reaching the end of the board with
    foot-pilgrims who have crossed the desert and become worse.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: A contentious pilgrim is contrasted with a meek camel that feeds on thorns
    and patiently bears its burden.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: A Hindu teaches fireworks, and a philosopher says the sport is unsuitable
    for someone whose dwelling is made of straw.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: A man with an eye complaint consults a horse-doctor, receives treatment used
    for quadrupeds, becomes blind, and is denied redress by a judge.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: A great Imaam declines to inscribe Qur'anic verses on a tomb urn where they
    might be effaced, trodden upon, or defiled, and permits a short poetic epitaph
    instead.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:13
  text: The epitaph speaks of the dead son's existence as verdure in a garden and
    of spring bringing roses from his bosom or dust.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: king
  description: A ruler who entrusts his son to a preceptor and later reproaches him.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: king's son
  description: The child placed under the preceptor's instruction, whose learning
    does not prosper.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: preceptor
  description: A learned teacher who instructs the king's son and his own sons, and
    explains that capacities differ.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: learned senior
  description: A senior who instructs a disciple about seeking God and trusting provision.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: disciple
  description: The listener addressed by the learned senior.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Arab father
  description: A father who teaches his son that deeds, not ancestry, are questioned
    at judgment.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Arab son
  description: The child addressed by the Arab father.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: scorpions
  description: Animals described in reported lore as tearing through their mothers'
    wombs and as having a bad character.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: dying father
  description: A father on his death-bed who exhorts his son about gratitude to kindred.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: pilgrims on foot
  description: Foot-travellers on pilgrimage to Mecca among whom dissension arises.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Sa'di as pedestrian pilgrim
  description: The author identifies himself as one of the pedestrians during the
    pilgrimage quarrel.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: rider in camel-litter
  description: A gentleman in a camel-litter who comments on the worsening conduct
    of foot-pilgrims.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: meek camel
  description: A camel described as feeding on thorns and patiently bearing its burden.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Hindu fireworks teacher
  description: A person teaching the art of fireworks while dwelling in a straw house.
  role_refs:
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: philosopher
  description: A philosopher who warns that fireworks are unsuitable for one living
    in straw.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:16
  name_or_label: man with eye complaint
  description: A man who seeks treatment from a horse-doctor and becomes blind.
  role_refs:
  - role:16
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:17
  name_or_label: horse-doctor
  description: A practitioner for horses who treats the man's eyes with medicine used
    for quadrupeds.
  role_refs:
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:18
  name_or_label: judge
  description: A hakim who rules that the blinded man has no redress.
  role_refs:
  - role:18
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:19
  name_or_label: great Imaam
  description: A religious authority whose worthy son dies and who determines what
    may be written at the tomb.
  role_refs:
  - role:19
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:20
  name_or_label: dead son of the Imaam
  description: The deceased son commemorated by a short epitaph.
  role_refs:
  - role:20
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: ruler and patron
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The king places his son in a preceptor's charge and holds the teacher accountable.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: student or instructed child
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  basis: These figures are addressed as learners or children receiving instruction.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: teacher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  basis: These figures instruct, educate, or exhort another figure.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:10
  label: moral speaker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  - fig:12
  - fig:15
  basis: Each delivers an explicit moral, warning, or corrective statement.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:11
  label: emblem of harmful offspring
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Scorpion birth lore is linked to bad conduct toward parents and later character.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:12
  label: contentious pilgrims
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The foot-travellers on pilgrimage fall into dissension and recrimination.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:13
  label: participant-observer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Sa'di states he was among the pedestrian pilgrims and reports the scene.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:14
  label: patient burden-bearer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: The camel is called meek and patient under its burden.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:15
  label: person exposed to self-created danger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: He teaches fireworks while living in a straw dwelling.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:16
  label: misguided petitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:16
  basis: He seeks important medical treatment from an unsuitable practitioner.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:17
  label: unfit practitioner for human ailment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:17
  basis: The horse-doctor applies quadruped treatment to human eyes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:18
  label: judge of consequences
  assigned_to:
  - fig:18
  basis: The judge rules on the complaint and interprets the man's fault.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:19
  label: bereaved religious authority
  assigned_to:
  - fig:19
  basis: The Imaam's worthy son has died, and he decides what should be inscribed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:20
  label: deceased child commemorated
  assigned_to:
  - fig:20
  basis: The son is dead and is represented through the tomb inscription.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: stones containing or lacking precious metals
  literal_form: stones, silver, and gold
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Canopus producing different effects
  literal_form: Sohail or star Canopus, common leather, perfumed Adim leather
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: embryo in the womb
  literal_form: senseless embryo in the mother's womb
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: Caabah covering made venerable by association
  literal_form: covering of the Caabah at Mecca kissed by pilgrims
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: scorpion birth through the mother's body
  literal_form: scorpions eating through the mother's womb and tearing open the belly
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: chess pawn becoming queen
  literal_form: ivory pawns reaching the top of the chess-board and becoming queens
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: pilgrimage desert crossing
  literal_form: foot-pilgrims crossing the desert on pilgrimage to Mecca
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: patient camel
  literal_form: camel feeding on thorns and bearing a burden
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:9
  label: fireworks beside straw dwelling
  literal_form: fireworks and a dwelling made of straw
  associated_figures:
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:10
  label: blindness after wrong treatment
  literal_form: eyes treated with horse medicine and the man becoming blind
  associated_figures:
  - fig:16
  - fig:17
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:11
  label: tomb urn
  literal_form: urn at the son's tomb
  associated_figures:
  - fig:19
  - fig:20
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:12
  label: garden, spring, roses, and dust
  literal_form: verdure in a garden; spring; roses blossoming from the bosom or dust
  associated_figures:
  - fig:19
  - fig:20
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Unequal results from equal teaching
  summary: A king's son and the preceptor's sons receive instruction, but only the
    preceptor's sons excel; the preceptor explains the difference as one of capacity.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Trust in divine provision
  summary: A learned senior tells a disciple that the God who formed and endowed humans
    before birth will not forget their daily bread.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Judgment by works rather than ancestry
  summary: An Arab father instructs his son that judgment concerns deeds, not origin,
    and illustrates value gained by sacred association through the Caabah covering.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Scorpion lore and ingratitude to parents
  summary: Reported scorpion birth lore is connected to a moral warning that those
    ungrateful to kindred should not expect fortune to befriend them.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Contentious pilgrimage and patient camel
  summary: Quarrelling foot-pilgrims are criticized by comparison with chess pawns
    and with the patient camel that better embodies pilgrimage virtue.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Fireworks and straw dwelling
  summary: A philosopher warns a man teaching fireworks that the sport is unsuitable
    for someone whose dwelling is straw.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:7
  label: Blindness from consulting an unfit doctor
  summary: A man asks a horse-doctor for eye medicine, becomes blind, and the judge
    says he has no redress because he chose an unsuitable practitioner.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:16
  - fig:17
  - fig:18
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:8
  label: Epitaph for the dead son
  summary: A bereaved Imaam refuses to place Qur'anic verses where they might be defiled
    and accepts a short epitaph using spring and rose imagery for the dead son.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:19
  - fig:20
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:11
  - sym:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Didactic wisdom through brief exempla
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage consists of short anecdotes, comparisons, and judgments that
    explicitly teach moral or practical lessons.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a broad passage-level motif rather than a single narrative plot.
- id: motif:2
  label: Divine judgment by deeds rather than lineage
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The Arab father states that God will ask what a person has done in life,
    not who the person's father is.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives a moral maxim about judgment, not a developed judgment
    scene.
- id: motif:3
  label: Providential care from womb to sustenance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The learned senior argues that the one who endowed the human being in the
    womb will not forget daily bread.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy has no specific providence motif; assigned under
    wisdom because the passage frames it as instruction.
- id: motif:4
  label: Ingratitude to parents reflected in animal birth lore
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Scorpion lore about tearing through the mother's womb is linked to a warning
    against being ungrateful to kindred.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The natural-history claim is reported as a strange event in the text;
    no taxonomy symbol for scorpion is supplied.
- id: motif:5
  label: False pilgrim contrasted with humble beast
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Contentious human pilgrims are declared less truly pilgrim-like than the
    patient camel bearing burdens.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is an ethical reversal within a pilgrimage setting, not a full sacred
    journey pattern.
- id: motif:6
  label: Danger of fire near combustible dwelling
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The fireworks teacher living in straw is warned that the practice is unsuitable
    for him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: Although the literal symbol is fire, the passage treats it as prudential
    advice rather than a cosmic fire motif.
- id: motif:7
  label: Harm from entrusting important matters to the unqualified
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The blinded man consults a horse-doctor, and the moral says important affairs
    should not be entrusted to people of mean capacity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: No more specific available taxonomy reference applies.
- id: motif:8
  label: Death figured as garden dormancy and spring return
  taxonomy_refs:
  - death_rebirth
  - seasonal_cycle
  basis: The epitaph imagines the son's life as verdure and suggests spring will bring
    roses from his dust.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The imagery suggests seasonal renewal after death, but the passage does
    not explicitly narrate literal resurrection.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3510-3525
  quote_or_summary: A king gives his son to a preceptor; the preceptor's own sons
    excel while the king's son does not, and the teacher replies that education is
    the same but capacities differ, illustrated by stones, metals, and Canopus.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3527-3540
  quote_or_summary: A learned senior tells a disciple that humans would surpass angels
    in Paradise if they sought God like sustenance; he recalls God's care for the
    embryo and bestowed faculties, then asks whether God would forget daily bread.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3542-3553
  quote_or_summary: An Arab tells his son that God will ask on judgment day about
    deeds, not origin; the Caabah covering is valued because of venerable association,
    not because it came from a silk-worm.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3555-3568
  quote_or_summary: Books of philosophers are said to report that scorpions eat through
    their mothers' wombs; a good man accepts this as fitting, and a dying father warns
    his son that one ungrateful to kindred should not expect fortune's friendship.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: lines 3570-3573
  quote_or_summary: 'Asked why it does not appear in winter, the scorpion replies:
    "What is my character in the summer that I should come abroad also in the winter?"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3577-3594
  quote_or_summary: On a pilgrimage to Mecca, foot-travellers quarrel; a rider compares
    chess pawns becoming queens with foot-pilgrims becoming worse after crossing the
    desert, and a contentious pilgrim is contrasted with a patient camel.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3596-3602
  quote_or_summary: A Hindu teaches fireworks; a philosopher says this is unsuitable
    for one whose dwelling is straw, followed by advice not to speak or ask before
    knowing the likely answer.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3604-3618
  quote_or_summary: A man with eye trouble consults a horse-doctor, receives animal
    eye treatment, becomes blind, and the judge denies redress; the moral warns against
    employing inexperienced or low-capacity people in important affairs.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3620-3630
  quote_or_summary: A great Imaam's worthy son dies; he declines Qur'anic verses for
    the tomb urn because they might be effaced, trodden on, or defiled, and accepts
    an epitaph about garden verdure, spring, roses, bosom, and dust.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied line range. Motif labels are mostly
    broad wisdom-pattern identifications because the passage is a sequence of didactic
    anecdotes rather than a single mythic narrative. No comparison claims were added
    because the passage itself does not support external comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Available taxonomy references were used only where directly supported; no unsupported taxonomy IDs or external parallels were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg__l3510-l3630
  passage_sha256=a440324b741ffa1657ae3fefcd38d1816139658f4cfbf5ea1a4d008afc8b53d6