Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l2879-l2969

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l2879-l2969

---
record_id: batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l2879-l2969
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
passage_locator:
  label: XVIII / XXVII / CHAPTER IV / CHAPTER V; lines 2879-2969
  start: '2879'
  end: '2969'
  translation: The Persian Literature, Volume 2, The Gulistan
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A sequence of short didactic and lyrical passages treats friendship, longing,
    jealousy, attachment, separation, reproach, and regret. Speakers praise beloved
    figures, excuse their faults, suffer jealousy or public blame, and use images
    such as the torch and moth, almond kernels, antelope on a string, fountain of
    immortality, bat and sun, and a seal of affection.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A boy asks another person to inspect both his duties and his tendency to vice
    so that he may be warned and corrected.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The respondent says he can see nothing but virtue in the boy.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: A person who had not seen his friend for a long time asks where the friend
    had been, and the friend replies that it is better to be sought after than loathed.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The speaker says a rarely seen mistress becomes more desired than one seen
    to satiety.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: A mistress who comes with companions or rivals provokes jealousy in the speaker.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The mistress replies that she is the torch of the assembly and is not responsible
    if the moth consumes itself.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: A narrator describes himself and a friend as being like two kernels within
    one almond shell before he unexpectedly went on a journey.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: After the narrator returns, the friend chides him for not sending a messenger
    during the long interval.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: The narrator says he did not want a courier's eyes to be enlightened by the
    friend's countenance while he was deprived of seeing it.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: A learned gentleman is described as captive to attachment for a person and
    as patient under reproach and violence.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: An admonisher tells the learned gentleman that such attachment exposes him
    to calumny and rabble rudeness.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:12
  text: The learned gentleman replies that suffering contempt is easier than giving
    up the person's company.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:13
  text: A bound antelope is used as an image of inability to move freely.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:14
  text: In youth the narrator has close intercourse with a young person who has an
    exquisite musical pipe and a form compared to the full moon.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:15
  text: The young person's cheek and lips are described through images of the fountain
    of immortality and sweetness.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:16
  text: After being displeased by the young person's behavior, the narrator withdraws
    communication and affection.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:17
  text: The departing young person compares the narrator to a bat that does not relish
    the company of the sun.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:18
  text: The narrator later feels distress and regret over the lost opportunity of
    enjoyment and asks the young person to return even if only to slay him.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: the boy
  description: A boy who asks to be warned about any immorality in his behavior.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: the affectionate respondent
  description: The person who tells the boy that he sees only virtue in him.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: the solicitous person
  description: A person who has not seen his friend for a length of time and asks
    where he was.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: the absent friend
  description: The friend who replies that it is better to be sought after than loathed.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: the mistress or charmer
  description: A desired woman who may arrive with companions or rivals and later
    calls herself the torch of the assembly.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Sa'di or the speaking lover
  description: The speaker addressed by the mistress and affected by jealousy.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: the traveling narrator
  description: A narrator who was formerly close to a friend, unexpectedly went on
    a journey, and returned later.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: the intimate friend
  description: A friend likened with the narrator to a kernel in the same almond shell
    and later chiding him for not sending a messenger.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: the courier
  description: A messenger whose eyes the narrator does not wish to be enlightened
    by the friend's countenance.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: the learned gentleman
  description: A learned man captive to attachment and willing to endure reproach
    for a certain person's company.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: the certain person
  description: The person for whom the learned gentleman suffers attachment, reproach,
    and violence.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: the admonishing friend
  description: The speaker who warns the learned gentleman that his conduct exposes
    him to calumny.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: the young person with the pipe
  description: A young person with an exquisite musical pipe and a form compared to
    the full moon.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: the youthful narrator
  description: The narrator who first attaches himself to the young person, then withdraws
    affection, and later regrets the separation.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: self-correcting youth
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He asks to be warned of immorality so he may correct it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: partial admirer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He reports seeing only virtue in the boy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: friend
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  basis: The figures are explicitly described as friends in their respective anecdotes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: sought-after absentee
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: He has been absent and says being sought after is better than being loathed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: beloved or desired figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:11
  - fig:13
  basis: These figures are the objects of longing, jealousy, contemplation, or attachment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: jealous or suffering lover
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:14
  basis: The speakers describe jealousy, lost enjoyment, distress, or desire for the
    beloved's return.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: departed and returned companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: He unexpectedly goes on a journey and later returns.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The courier would have carried communication during the narrator's absence.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:9
  label: captive of attachment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: He is called captive of attachment and accepts reproach for the beloved's
    company.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:10
  label: admonisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: He counsels the learned gentleman against conduct that may bring calumny.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:11
  label: departing youth
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: After the narrator withdraws communication, the young person speaks and departs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:12
  label: regretful former companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: He withdraws affection but later suffers distress and calls for return.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: malignant eye
  literal_form: an eye that sees virtue as vice and is cursed to be plucked out
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: single perfection among seventy faults
  literal_form: one perfection contrasted with seventy faults
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: skirt held by the lover
  literal_form: the skirt of the intoxicating idol held by the speaker
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: torch and moth
  literal_form: the beloved as the torch of the assembly and the lover as a consuming
    moth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: two kernels in one almond shell
  literal_form: two kernels enclosed within a single almond shell
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: courier's enlightened eyes
  literal_form: a courier's eyes enlightened by the beloved friend's countenance
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:7
  label: hand on the skirt of fatality
  literal_form: a hand of reproach on the skirt of fatality
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: antelope led by a string
  literal_form: an antelope led by a string that cannot bound freely from side to
    side
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:9
  label: fountain of immortality
  literal_form: a fountain of immortality associated with tasting the down of the
    young person's cheek
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:10
  label: full moon form
  literal_form: the young person's form described as silver bright as the full moon
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:11
  label: sugar of the lips
  literal_form: sweetness or sugar associated with the young person's lips
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:12
  label: seal of affection
  literal_form: a seal of affection removed by the narrator
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:13
  label: bat and sun
  literal_form: the bat that does not relish the company of the sun and the sun whose
    brilliance is not diminished
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: The boy asks to be corrected
  summary: A boy requests scrutiny for vice as well as duty, but the respondent says
    his view of the boy shows only virtue.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Absence makes the friend desired
  summary: A person questions an absent friend, and the exchange is followed by reflection
    that a rarely seen beloved is more desired than one seen too often.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: The mistress as torch of the assembly
  summary: The speaker suffers jealousy when the mistress appears with companions
    or rivals, and she answers that she is a torch while the moth consumes itself.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: The journey and the unsent messenger
  summary: The narrator and friend are described as closely joined, but after a journey
    and return the friend chides him for sending no messenger; the narrator says jealousy
    of the courier's sight prevented it.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: The learned gentleman accepts reproach
  summary: A learned gentleman is admonished for exposing himself to blame through
    attachment, but he replies that suffering reproach is easier than abandoning the
    beloved's company.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: The young musician departs and is regretted
  summary: The narrator is attached to a beautiful young person with a melodious pipe,
    withdraws affection after displeasure, hears the youth compare him to a bat rejecting
    the sun, and then regrets the separation.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  - sym:11
  - sym:12
  - sym:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Love perceives virtue and overlooks fault
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The respondent sees only virtue in the boy, and the passage generalizes that
    a lover discerns one perfection despite many faults.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is presented as an aphoristic love observation, not as a supernatural
    or divine motif.
- id: motif:2
  label: Long absence increases desire
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - return
  - wisdom
  basis: The absent friend says it is better to be sought after, and the passage states
    that a rarely seen mistress is more desired than one seen too often.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif is social and lyrical rather than mythic in a narrow sense.
- id: motif:3
  label: Jealous lover and indifferent beloved
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The speaker is nearly slain by jealousy when the mistress is associated with
    a rival, while she compares herself to a torch and the lover to a moth consuming
    itself.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No historical comparison to the wider moth-and-flame tradition is asserted
    from this passage alone.
- id: motif:4
  label: Intimate companions separated by journey
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - return
  basis: The narrator and friend are described as two kernels in one almond shell,
    then separated by a journey and reunited after a long interval.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is anecdotal and does not frame the journey as an initiation
    or quest.
- id: motif:5
  label: Attachment endured despite public reproach
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The learned gentleman willingly bears calumny, violence, and rabble rudeness
    rather than give up the beloved's company.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The attachment is human and ethical-social; no divine beloved should be
    inferred.
- id: motif:6
  label: Captive lover unable to break bonds
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The learned gentleman speaks of fatality, inability to abandon the beloved,
    and the antelope led by a string.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The captivity is metaphorical and grounded in emotional attachment.
- id: motif:7
  label: Beloved as life-giving beauty
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The young person's cheek is linked with the fountain of immortality, the
    lips with sweetness, and the form with the full moon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The images are poetic praise and do not indicate literal immortality.
- id: motif:8
  label: Separation followed by regret and desire for return
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - return
  basis: After withdrawing affection, the narrator watches the young person depart,
    feels distress, recognizes lost enjoyment, and calls for return.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The requested return is emotional and rhetorical, not a completed return
    event in the passage.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2879-2888
  quote_or_summary: The boy asks to be warned of immorality so he may correct it;
    the respondent says he sees only virtue, followed by an aphorism about the lover
    discerning one perfection despite many faults.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized with brief paraphrase.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2892-2900
  quote_or_summary: A person asks an absent friend where he has been; the reply says
    it is better to be sought after than loathed, followed by reflection that a rarely
    seen mistress is more desired.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized with brief paraphrase.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2901-2910
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says the mistress's arrival with companions or rivals
    is hostile and provokes jealousy; she replies that she is the torch of the assembly
    and the moth may consume itself.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized with brief paraphrase.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2914-2926
  quote_or_summary: The narrator and friend were like two kernels in one almond shell;
    after an unexpected journey and return, the friend complains no messenger was
    sent, and the narrator says he did not want a courier to see the friend's countenance.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized with brief paraphrase.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2928-2952
  quote_or_summary: A learned gentleman is captive to attachment and bears reproach;
    an admonisher warns him of calumny, but he says suffering contempt is easier than
    forgoing the beloved's company, with images of fatality, the eye, and an antelope
    led by a string.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized with brief paraphrase.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2954-2961
  quote_or_summary: In youth the narrator has close relations with a young person
    who has a melodious pipe and moon-bright form; the young person's cheek and lips
    are praised through images of immortality and sweetness.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized with brief paraphrase.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2962-2969
  quote_or_summary: After the young person's behavior displeases him, the narrator
    withdraws communication and affection; the youth departs saying the sun is not
    diminished by the bat's dislike, and the narrator later regrets the lost enjoyment
    and calls for return.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized with brief paraphrase.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is straightforward. Motif labels are cautious and based
    on recurring social-poetic patterns within the passage. No external comparison
    claims are made.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Taxonomy references were limited to available motif families and symbols when directly supported.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg__l2879-l2969
  passage_sha256=73d6bd9755531de49ca08f8073c4057f48a33b93cfe984e62f5bd3b07f73afeb