Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l1775-l1813

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l1775-l1813

---
record_id: batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l1775-l1813
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER II / XVIII / XXIII / XXVII; lines 1775-1813
  start: '1775'
  end: '1813'
  translation: The Persian Literature, Volume 2, The Gulistan
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A dying king without an heir orders that the first person to enter the
    city gate in the morning be crowned. A beggar becomes ruler, but rebels and neighboring
    princes soon reduce his kingdom. An old friend congratulates him on his rise from
    poverty, but the new ruler says his dignity brings heavier cares than hunger did,
    and he praises contentment over wealth or royal gifts.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A king at the end of his life has no heir and leaves instructions for succession.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The king’s will directs that the first person to enter the city gate in the
    morning receive the crown and kingdom.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The first entrant is a beggar who has lived by gathering scraps and patching
    rags.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Ministers and nobles obey the will and set the keys of the treasury and citadel
    at the beggar’s feet.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The beggar, described afterward as a dervish, governs for a time.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Chiefs and territorial princes rebel, raise armies, defeat his forces, and
    take provinces from him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: An old friend from his time of poverty returns and congratulates him on his
    elevated rank using images of roses, thorns, flowers, withering, naked trees,
    and leafy trees.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The dervish rejects congratulation and says he needs condolence because the
    care of a whole kingdom now rests on him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The dervish says both adversity and prosperity disquiet the mind, and he recommends
    contentment as a treasure.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The dervish contrasts the gift of a roasted elk from King Bahram Ghor with
    a locust’s leg from an ant.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: dying king
  description: A king at the end of his days with no heir who leaves a will governing
    succession.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: beggar / dervish ruler
  description: A poor man who first enters the city gate, is crowned, governs the
    kingdom, and later laments the burdens of rule.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: ministers and nobles
  description: Court officials who fulfill the king’s will and transfer royal authority
    to the beggar.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: rebellious chiefs and territorial princes
  description: Political rivals who abandon allegiance, raise armies, and seize provinces.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: old friend from poverty
  description: A former companion of the dervish’s poverty who returns from a journey
    and congratulates him.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: King Bahram Ghor
  description: A named king used in the dervish’s comparison about generosity.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: ant
  description: An ant used in the dervish’s comparison as giver of a locust’s leg.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: testator of succession
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He makes a will specifying who should receive the crown and kingdom.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: unexpected successor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He is the first person at the gate and is given the crown despite being a
    beggar.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: burdened ruler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He governs, loses provinces, and describes kingship as care rather than good
    fortune.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: speaker of moral counsel
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He teaches that contentment is a greater treasure than riches and contrasts
    poor patience with rich gifts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:5
  label: executors of royal will
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They fulfill the terms of the dead king’s will and deliver symbols of authority.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:6
  label: challengers to rule
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: They rebel, levy armies, and take provinces.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: congratulating friend
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: He rejoices at the dervish’s apparent rise from poverty to rank.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: exemplum figures in comparison
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  basis: They appear only in the dervish’s illustrative comparison about gifts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: crown of sovereignty
  literal_form: crown placed on the successor’s head
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: city gate
  literal_form: city gate where the first morning entrant is selected
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: keys of treasury and citadel
  literal_form: keys laid at the new ruler’s feet
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: roses and thorns
  literal_form: roses issuing from thorns and thorns removed from feet
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: seasonal plant and tree
  literal_form: plant in flower or withered; tree naked or clothed with leaves
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: contentment as treasure
  literal_form: contentment called an immense treasure
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: unequal gifts
  literal_form: whole roasted elk from a king contrasted with a locust’s leg from
    an ant
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: king appoints an unknown successor by will
  summary: A dying king without an heir orders that the first person entering the
    city gate in the morning receive the crown and kingdom.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: beggar receives royal authority
  summary: A beggar is the first entrant, and ministers and nobles place the keys
    of treasury and citadel at his feet.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: rule contested and provinces lost
  summary: The dervish governs for a time, but chiefs and princes rebel, armies fight,
    and several provinces are taken from him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: friend congratulates the rise from poverty
  summary: An old friend returns and interprets the dervish’s new rank as fortune
    after hardship, using plant and tree imagery.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: dervish teaches the burden of fortune
  summary: The dervish says kingship has replaced hunger with larger cares, and he
    praises contentment and the patient poor over the gifts of the rich.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: unexpected elevation to kingship
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  basis: A succession rule in a king’s will transfers sovereignty to the first person
    entering the city gate, who happens to be a beggar.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage treats the succession as legally executed by the court, but
    it does not present divine selection or sacred ancestry.
- id: motif:2
  label: reversal of fortune reveals new burdens
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The beggar rises to royal rank, is congratulated as fortunate, and replies
    that poverty’s hunger has been replaced by the cares of a whole kingdom.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a moralized anecdote rather than a mythic transformation narrative.
- id: motif:3
  label: contentment superior to wealth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The dervish explicitly counsels that those who covet riches should ask for
    contentment and contrasts poor patience with rich gifts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif is ethical and proverbial; no supernatural or ritual element
    is present.
- id: motif:4
  label: seasonal alternation as image of fortune
  taxonomy_refs:
  - seasonal_cycle
  - wisdom
  basis: The old friend explains hardship and ease through images of plants flowering
    and withering and trees bare or leafy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The imagery is explicit, but it functions as an analogy in speech, not
    as an enacted seasonal myth.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage can be cautiously compared to wisdom-literature patterns in which
    sudden good fortune is reinterpreted as a moral test or burden rather than simple
    blessing.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: wisdom motif family / reversal-of-fortune admonition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage itself provides only an ethical anecdote and does not identify
    an external parallel tradition.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The plant and tree images support a cautious comparison to seasonal-cycle
    imagery used to describe alternating hardship and ease.
  claim_level: visual_similarity
  target: seasonal_cycle motif family
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: The comparison is limited to metaphorical imagery; no seasonal rite,
    deity, or mythic cycle is narrated.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1775-1780
  quote_or_summary: A king near death, having no heir, wills that the first person
    entering the city gate in the morning should receive the crown and kingdom.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1781-1786
  quote_or_summary: The first entrant is a beggar who has lived on scraps and patched
    rags; ministers and nobles fulfill the will and lay the keys of treasury and citadel
    at his feet.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1787-1793
  quote_or_summary: The dervish rules for a time, but chiefs and territorial princes
    rebel, raise armies, defeat his troops and subjects, and take several provinces.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 1794-1803
  quote_or_summary: '"Along with hardship there is ease; or, to sorrow succeeds joy";
    the friend also speaks of roses from thorns and plants or trees changing by season.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: lines 1803-1808
  quote_or_summary: '"When you last saw me I had to think of getting a crumb of bread;
    now I have the cares of a whole kingdom on my head."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1808-1811
  quote_or_summary: The dervish says adversity brings pain, prosperity binds one to
    affection for the world, and contentment is an immense treasure.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1811-1813
  quote_or_summary: The dervish says the patience of the poor surpasses the gift of
    the rich, comparing a roasted elk from King Bahram Ghor with a locust’s leg from
    an ant.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is a clear moral anecdote with explicit royal-succession and
    wisdom themes. Comparisons are limited to broad motif families because the passage
    does not name external parallels.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage text and metadata were used.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg__l1775-l1813
  passage_sha256=c2fba40de2e76b960354b68f7779935de17f5426dfdcb8bf26579812fc239ded