Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l1457-l1565

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l1457-l1565

---
record_id: batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l1457-l1565
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
passage_locator:
  label: XXXVII / XXXVIII / XXXIX / CHAPTER II; lines 1457-1565
  start: '1457'
  end: '1565'
  translation: The Persian Literature, Volume 2, The Gulistan
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A sequence of moral anecdotes contrasts sincere wisdom with ostentatious
    piety, judgmental religiosity, unreceptive and receptive hearers, endurance during
    a Meccan desert journey, and gratitude to God amid suffering. The passage includes
    examples involving dervishes, a hypocritical ascetic at a king’s table, a son’s
    rebuke, a father’s correction of the narrator’s youthful pride, a sermon at Balbek,
    a traveller moved to lamentation, a camel-driver urging survival, and a wounded
    holy man thanking God that his affliction is not sin.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The speaker gives thanks to a majestic deity and says that a narration has
    instructed him and may benefit others during their lives.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The speaker compares one indiscreet person in an assembly to a dog falling
    into a cistern of rose-water and contaminating it.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: A zahid, while a king’s guest, eats less than he wants and prays longer than
    usual so others will think highly of his sanctity.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The zahid returns home and asks for food; his son questions him and then tells
    him to repeat his prayers as well, so that nothing done for a purpose is omitted.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The passage warns the hypocrite about what his false display will purchase
    on the day of need or day of judgment.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: In youth, the narrator remains awake beside his father with the Koran open
    while surrounding company members sleep.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The narrator criticizes the sleepers for not rising to pray; his father replies
    that the narrator would have done better to sleep than to slander mankind’s failings.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: At the metropolitan mosque of Balbek, the narrator preaches to a congregation
    described as cold, dead at heart, and unmoved toward mysticism.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The preacher explains a Koranic text about God being nearer than the vein
    of the neck and describes a beloved presence close to him while he remains estranged.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: A passing traveller enters the outer circle of the congregation, groans, and
    the assembly joins in lamentation.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: In the desert of Mecca at night, the narrator becomes too drowsy to continue,
    lies down, and asks the camel-driver to leave him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: The camel-driver tells the narrator that holy Mecca lies ahead and a profane
    robber behind; moving forward means escape, staying means death.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:13
  text: On the sea-shore, a holy man wounded by a tiger suffers pain yet continually
    thanks God.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:14
  text: The wounded holy man says he is grateful because he is afflicted with misfortune
    and not with sin.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Narrator / speaker
  description: First-person speaker who offers thanksgiving, recalls youthful piety,
    preaches at Balbek, and travels in the desert of Mecca.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:5
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Dervishes
  description: Religious mendicants whose benefits the speaker says he is not forbidden,
    though he is outwardly excluded from their society.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Indiscreet person in an assembly
  description: A single indiscreet person whose presence may harm many prudent people
    in an assembly.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Zahid
  description: An ascetic guest of a king who publicly eats little and prays long,
    then seeks food after returning home.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: King
  description: Host at whose table the zahid performs sparing eating and prolonged
    prayer.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Zahid’s son
  description: A youth of shrewd understanding who exposes the practical motive behind
    the zahid’s public behavior.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Narrator’s father
  description: The narrator’s father corrects the narrator’s youthful criticism of
    sleeping companions.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Sleeping company
  description: People sleeping while the narrator remains awake with the Koran.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Balbek congregation
  description: Congregation at the metropolitan mosque of Balbek, initially unreceptive
    to the narrator’s sermon, later joining in lamentation after a traveller groans.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Passing traveller
  description: A traveller who enters the outer circle of the congregation and responds
    to the sermon with a groan.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Camel-driver
  description: Companion in the Meccan desert who warns the narrator that going forward
    means escape and staying means death.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Holy man wounded by a tiger
  description: A holy man on the sea-shore, torn by a tiger, who suffers pain and
    thanks God.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Tiger
  description: Animal that has torn the holy man.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: God / Most High / beloved friend
  description: Divine figure thanked by the speaker and the wounded holy man, described
    in sermon as nearer than the vein of the neck and as a beloved friend.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: moral speaker or instructor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  basis: These figures deliver explicit moral correction, instruction, or admonition.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: religious community outside full social access
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The speaker says he receives the benefits of dervishes while appearing excluded
    from their society.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: contaminating presence
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: One indiscreet person in an assembly is said to harm many prudent people.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: ostentatious ascetic
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The zahid changes eating and prayer behavior in public so observers will
    form a high opinion of his sanctity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: former prideful devotee
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: In youth the narrator boasts of wakeful piety and criticizes sleepers before
    being corrected by his father.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: shrewd exposer of hypocrisy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The son recognizes that his father’s public piety was performed for a purpose
    and exposes the inconsistency.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: corrective guide
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  - fig:11
  basis: The father corrects moral pride; the camel-driver corrects the narrator’s
    wish to remain in the desert.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: role:8
  label: preacher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The narrator says he was holding forth by way of admonition in the mosque
    of Balbek.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:9
  label: royal host
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The king hosts the zahid at table.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:10
  label: unreceptive or passive audience
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: The sleeping company does not rise for prayer; the congregation is initially
    unmoved by the sermon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:11
  label: receptive outsider
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The passing traveller, initially outside the congregation, is moved by the
    sermon and groans.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:12
  label: grateful sufferer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: The wounded holy man continues thanking God while suffering and says he is
    afflicted with misfortune rather than sin.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:13
  label: wounding animal
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: The tiger has torn the holy man.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:14
  label: divine beloved and judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: God is thanked, described as near and as a beloved friend, and connected
    with sin, death, and judgment language.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: contaminated rose-water cistern
  literal_form: cistern filled with rose-water into which a dog falls
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: king’s table
  literal_form: table at the king’s feast
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: day of judgment
  literal_form: day of need or day of judgment
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: open Koran on lap
  literal_form: precious Koran held open on the narrator’s lap
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: veil of conceit
  literal_form: veil drawn around the braggart’s own person
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: metropolitan mosque of Balbek
  literal_form: mosque setting for admonitory sermon
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: nearer than the vein of the neck
  literal_form: Koranic image of divine nearness to the vein of the neck
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: beloved close yet alienated
  literal_form: mistress or beloved lying on the bosom while the speaker is estranged
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:9
  label: Meccan desert route
  literal_form: night journey in the desert of Mecca with holy Mecca ahead and robber
    behind
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:10
  label: acacia-thorn tree
  literal_form: tree under which it is tempting to doze during the night journey
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:11
  label: tiger wound
  literal_form: wound from being torn by a tiger
  associated_figures:
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:12
  label: sea-shore suffering
  literal_form: sea-shore location where the wounded holy man suffers
  associated_figures:
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Thanksgiving and moral about harmful company
  summary: The speaker thanks God for instruction from dervishes and states that one
    indiscreet person can harm an assembly, illustrated by a dog contaminating rose-water.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Ascetic performance at the king’s feast
  summary: A zahid eats less and prays longer in the king’s presence so others will
    think him holy.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Son exposes the zahid’s hypocrisy
  summary: At home the zahid seeks food, and his son’s reply exposes that the public
    fasting and prayers were performed for reputation; the passage adds a warning
    about judgment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Father rebukes youthful religious pride
  summary: The narrator boasts that sleepers neglect prayer, and his father says sleeping
    would have been better than slandering others.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Sermon at Balbek on divine nearness
  summary: The narrator preaches in Balbek to an unmoved congregation, expounding
    a Koranic text about divine nearness through imagery of an intimate beloved from
    whom the speaker remains estranged.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Traveller awakens communal lamentation
  summary: A passing traveller enters the outer circle, groans in response to the
    sermon, and the congregation joins in lamentation; the speaker comments that those
    far off may be present in knowledge while those near may be distant in ignorance.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:7
  label: Choice on the Meccan desert road
  summary: Exhausted in the Meccan desert, the narrator wants to stop, but the camel-driver
    warns that Mecca is ahead and a robber behind, so forward motion brings escape
    while staying brings death.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:8
  label: Wounded holy man gives thanks
  summary: A holy man torn by a tiger suffers at the sea-shore but thanks God because
    he has met misfortune rather than sin.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:11
  - sym:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: moral instruction through exempla
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage is organized as short anecdotes whose events culminate in explicit
    moral lessons or corrective sayings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a literary-wisdom pattern rather than a mythic narrative complex.
- id: motif:2
  label: hypocritical piety exposed
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The zahid publicly performs piety for reputation, is exposed by his son,
    and is warned about the day of judgment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The judgment motif is explicit but framed as ethical admonition, not as
    a narrated divine trial.
- id: motif:3
  label: rebuke of spiritual pride
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The narrator’s youthful criticism of sleepers is corrected by his father,
    who says sleeping would be preferable to slandering others.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supernatural event accompanies the rebuke.
- id: motif:4
  label: receptive outsider understands sacred speech
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  - mystical_quest
  basis: A traveller at the edge of the congregation is moved by a sermon that the
    nearby audience failed to receive; the speaker contrasts distance in place with
    presence in knowledge.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The mystical-quest link rests on the sermon’s explicit movement toward
    mysticism and divine nearness, not on a full quest narrative.
- id: motif:5
  label: pilgrimage road as life-or-death choice
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - mystical_quest
  basis: On the Meccan desert route, the exhausted narrator must go forward toward
    holy Mecca to escape death and danger behind him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents a travel and pilgrimage admonition, not a complete
    departure-return cycle.
- id: motif:6
  label: gratitude in suffering rather than sin
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The wounded holy man thanks God because he suffers misfortune rather than
    sin, valuing divine favor over bodily safety.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not narrate a formal divine judgment scene.
- id: motif:7
  label: divine beloved nearer than the self
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_beloved
  - mystical_quest
  basis: The sermon applies a Koranic statement of divine nearness and speaks of a
    beloved or mistress closer than the speaker is to himself, though he remains alienated.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The beloved imagery appears in sermonic and mystical language; identification
    with God is supported by context but should be reviewed.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 1457-1470
  quote_or_summary: The speaker thanks a majestic deity for instruction and gives
    a moral that one indiscreet person may harm many prudent people, like a dog contaminating
    a cistern of rose-water.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 1472-1481
  quote_or_summary: A zahid at a king’s table eats less than his appetite and prays
    longer than usual so that others will think highly of his sanctity.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 1482-1493
  quote_or_summary: At home, the zahid seeks food; his shrewd son notes the inconsistency
    and says he should repeat the prayers too. The passage warns the hypocrite about
    the day of need or judgment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 1495-1512
  quote_or_summary: In youth the narrator stays awake beside his father with the Koran
    open while others sleep, criticizes them, and is told by his father that sleep
    would be better than slandering mankind’s failings.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 1516-1536
  quote_or_summary: At Balbek’s mosque, the narrator preaches to an unmoved congregation,
    expounding the Koranic line that God is nearer than the neck vein and speaking
    of a beloved who is close while he is estranged.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 1537-1548
  quote_or_summary: A passing traveller enters the outer circle, groans, and the assembly
    joins in lamentation; the speaker says those far off may be present in knowledge
    and those nearby distant in ignorance.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 1550-1561
  quote_or_summary: In the desert of Mecca, the drowsy narrator lies down and asks
    to be left; the camel-driver warns that Mecca is ahead, a robber behind, and staying
    means death.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 1563-1565
  quote_or_summary: On the sea-shore, a holy man torn by a tiger suffers long pain
    but thanks God, saying he has met misfortune and not sin.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage is explicit. Motif assignment
    is mostly ethical and devotional rather than mythic, so taxonomy links should
    be reviewed. No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not
    compare to other traditions or corpus patterns.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only supplied passage text and metadata. Quotations were avoided in favor of concise public-domain summaries.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg__l1457-l1565
  passage_sha256=924fd4e20378a245382529ebcbc2c5c143806f92c23ef497ce7fc57f1e474465