Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l1085-l1110

batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l1085-l1110

---
record_id: batch.motif.persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg-l1085-l1110
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
passage_locator:
  label: INTRODUCTION / CHAPTER I / XVIII / XXIII; lines 1085-1110
  start: '1085'
  end: '1110'
  translation: The Persian Literature, Volume 2, The Gulistan
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A tyrant exploits the poor through a firewood trade and is warned by a
    holy man that injustice cannot escape God. After rejecting the warning, the tyrant's
    wood catches fire, destroying his property, and the holy man interprets the fire
    as arising from the suffering hearts of the poor. A separate notice reports verses
    on Kai-khosráu's crown reflecting on the passing of kingdoms from one hand to
    another.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A tyrant buys firewood from poor people at a low price and sells it to rich
    people at a higher price.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A good and holy man confronts the tyrant and warns that his injustice cannot
    escape God.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The holy man compares the tyrant to a snake that bites everyone and to an
    owl that ruins the place where it sits.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The tyrant is offended by the holy man's words, turns away, and shows him
    no civility.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: One night a kitchen fire reaches the stack of wood, consumes the tyrant's
    property, and leaves him in torment.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The holy man says the fire came from the smoke of the hearts of the poor and
    warns that one sigh may set a whole world aflame.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: Verses are said to be inscribed in golden letters on Kai-khosráu's crown,
    saying that kingdoms pass from one hand to another.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: the tyrant
  description: An unjust man who exploits the poor in the sale of firewood and later
    loses his property to fire.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: the good and holy man
  description: A holy admonisher who rebukes the tyrant and later interprets the fire
    as connected with the suffering of the poor.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: the poor
  description: People from whom the tyrant buys firewood cheaply; their complaints
    and afflicted hearts are invoked in the warning and interpretation.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: the rich
  description: People to whom the tyrant sells firewood at an increased price.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: God
  description: Named as the knower of secrets from whom the tyrant's injustice cannot
    escape; the passage also cites God overtaking the unjust man amidst his sins.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Kai-khosráu
  description: A king whose crown is said to bear verses about the transience of earthly
    rule.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: unjust oppressor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The figure is called a tyrant and unjust man, exploits the poor, and rejects
    admonition.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: holy admonisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The figure is described as good and holy and speaks warnings against injustice.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: afflicted victims
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The poor are exploited in the firewood trade, and their complaints and afflicted
    hearts are emphasized.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: wealthy buyers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The rich are the purchasers to whom the wood is sold at an advance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: divine judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The holy man says injustice cannot escape God, and the cited line says God
    overtook the sinner.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: royal exemplar of impermanence
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Kai-khosráu's crown bears verses saying earthly rule passes to others.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: fire
  literal_form: Kitchen fire that falls on the tyrant's stack of wood and destroys
    his property; also invoked in the warning that one sigh may set a world aflame.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:2
  label: serpent image
  literal_form: The tyrant is compared to a snake that bites everyone it sees.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: smoke from afflicted hearts
  literal_form: The holy man says the fire came from the smoke of the hearts of the
    poor.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: crown inscription
  literal_form: Golden-lettered verses on Kai-khosráu's crown about people walking
    over his head and kingdoms passing to others.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: firewood stack
  literal_form: A stack of wood owned by the tyrant that catches fire and leads to
    the destruction of his property.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Exploitation in the firewood trade
  summary: The tyrant profits by buying firewood from the poor cheaply and selling
    it to the rich at a higher price.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Holy warning against injustice
  summary: The holy man rebukes the tyrant with animal comparisons and warns that
    injustice toward people will rise to heaven and cannot escape God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Fire as retributive disaster
  summary: After the tyrant rejects the warning, a kitchen fire consumes the wood
    stack and his property, and the holy man links the fire to the suffering of the
    poor.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Royal crown inscription on impermanence
  summary: Verses on Kai-khosráu's crown state that people will walk over the king's
    head and that the kingdom will pass to others.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine punishment of the unjust oppressor
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The tyrant is warned that injustice cannot escape God, then loses his property
    in a fire after rejecting the admonition.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames the event morally and cites divine overtaking, but
    the exact mechanism of divine action is narrated through moral interpretation
    rather than described as a direct visible intervention.
- id: motif:2
  label: wise admonition against oppression
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: A holy man instructs the tyrant not to injure the people of the earth and
    later gives a moral explanation of the disaster.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is an ethical exemplum rather than a mythic narrative in the narrow
    sense.
- id: motif:3
  label: suffering of the poor rising upward as destructive force
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The poor people's complaints are said to rise to heaven, and the later fire
    is explained as coming from the smoke of their afflicted hearts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The smoke and sigh imagery may be rhetorical or proverbial rather than
    a literal cosmological mechanism.
- id: motif:4
  label: transience of earthly kingship
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The crown inscription says a kingdom passes from hand to hand and will pass
    to others.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The crown notice is adjacent to the exemplum but appears as a separate
    reported saying.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1085-1087
  quote_or_summary: A tyrant buys firewood from the poor cheaply and sells it to the
    rich at an advance.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1087-1093
  quote_or_summary: A good and holy man calls the tyrant a snake and an owl, warns
    that his injustice cannot escape God, and tells him not to wrong the people lest
    their complaints rise to heaven.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1094-1097
  quote_or_summary: The unjust man is offended, turns aside, shows no civility, and
    the passage cites that God overtook him amidst his sins.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1097-1100
  quote_or_summary: One night a kitchen fire falls on the wood stack, consumes all
    the tyrant's property, and leaves him in hell-like torment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1100-1106
  quote_or_summary: The holy man hears the tyrant wonder where the fire came from
    and answers that it came from the smoke of the poor people's hearts, warning that
    one sigh may set a world aflame.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1108-1110
  quote_or_summary: Golden-lettered verses on Kai-khosráu's crown say that people
    will walk over the king's head and that the kingdom, as it came from hand to hand,
    will pass to others.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/persian/project-gutenberg/gulistan-sadi-ross.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage is clear as an ethical exemplum with symbolic fire and animal
    comparisons. Motif assignments use only supplied taxonomy where directly supported;
    no comparison claims are made because the passage itself does not establish comparison
    to another tradition or corpus.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external comparisons or unsupported taxonomy identifiers were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:persian-sadi-gulistan-ross-gutenberg__l1085-l1110
  passage_sha256=7c6f3a63096008ee13eb9bba741fcf1515f1fbaab59d18eeddcea241702b71df