Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg-l6928-l6980

batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg-l6928-l6980

---
record_id: batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg-l6928-l6980
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
passage_locator:
  label: 'The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 2 of 2) / CONTENTS;
    lines 6928-6980'
  start: '6928'
  end: '6980'
  translation: 'The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 2 of 2)'
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: "“in that egg there lies my heart”"
  summary: Frazer summarizes several Norse, Icelandic, Celtic, and Breton tales in
    which a giant, ogre, sea beast, or human life is bound to an external object such
    as an egg, grain of sand, or candle; when the object is obtained, broken, moved,
    or burned, the being dies or bursts.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A Norse giant says his heart is far away inside an egg, which is inside a
    duck, which swims in a well in a church on an island in a lake.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The hero obtains and squeezes the egg; the giant screams and begs for life,
    and when the hero breaks the egg the giant bursts.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: In another Norse story, a hill-ogre says the captive princess cannot return
    home unless she finds a grain of sand under the ninth tongue of the ninth head
    of a dragon.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: When the hero brings the grain of sand to the high rock where the ogres live,
    the ogres burst and the rock and lake change as foretold.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: In an Icelandic tale, spae-wives foretell Gestr’s destiny beside two burning
    candles, and the youngest says the child will live no longer than one candle burns.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The chief sybil puts out the candle and gives it to Gestr’s mother to keep;
    after three hundred years Gestr lights it and dies.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: In a Celtic tale, a giant says his soul is in an egg inside a duck inside
    a wether under a flagstone beneath the threshold.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: In a Celtic tale about a sea beast, the beast’s soul is said to be in an egg
    in the mouth of a trout, after a sequence involving a hind and a hoodie.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: In a Breton story, an otherwise unharmed giant says he can be killed only
    if a distant egg hidden through a chain of beings is crushed on his breast.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: In another Breton tale, Body-without-Soul’s life resides in an egg inside
    a dove, hare, wolf, and iron chest at the bottom of the sea; the hero breaks the
    egg on the giant’s forehead and the giant dies.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Norse giant with no heart in his body
  description: A giant whose heart is hidden in an egg far away from his body.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Hero of the Norse heart-in-egg tale
  description: The hero obtains, squeezes, and breaks the egg containing the giant’s
    heart.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Captive princess in the Norse heart-in-egg tale
  description: A captive princess to whom the giant reveals the hiding place of his
    heart.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Norse hill-ogre and ogres
  description: Ogres living in a rock, vulnerable to the grain of sand found under
    the ninth tongue of a dragon’s ninth head.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Hero of the grain-of-sand tale
  description: The hero finds the grain of sand and carries it to the top of the rock
    where the ogres live.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Gestr
  description: An infant whose lifespan is linked by prophecy to a candle; he later
    lives three hundred years and dies when he lights it.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: spae-wives or sybils
  description: Female prophetic figures who foretell Gestr’s destiny and handle the
    candle that determines his life.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Gestr’s mother
  description: She receives the extinguished candle and is charged not to light it
    again until her son wishes to die.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Celtic giant with soul in egg
  description: A giant whose soul is in an egg hidden inside nested animals beneath
    a threshold stone.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Celtic sea beast
  description: A sea beast that has carried off a king’s daughter and whose soul is
    in an egg in a trout’s mouth.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: old smith
  description: A smith who declares the single way of killing the sea beast.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Breton invulnerable giant
  description: A giant whom fire, water, and steel cannot harm, but who can die if
    a hidden egg is crushed on his breast.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: soldier in the Breton tale
  description: A soldier gets the egg and crushes it on the giant’s breast.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Body-without-Soul
  description: A Breton giant whose life does not reside in his body but in an egg
    hidden through animals and an iron chest under the sea.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: hero in the Body-without-Soul tale
  description: The hero kills the animals one after another, carries the egg, and
    breaks it against the giant’s forehead.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: external-life being
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  - fig:14
  basis: Each figure or group is described as vulnerable through a life, heart, or
    soul located outside the body in an object or hidden token.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:2
  label: life-token seeker or destroyer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:13
  - fig:15
  basis: These figures obtain, move, or break the token that causes the monster or
    ogres to die or burst.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:3
  label: captive recipient of secret
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The captive princess is told where the giant’s heart is hidden.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: person with lifespan tied to object
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Gestr is said to live no longer than a specified candle burns, and dies after
    lighting it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: prophetic women
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The spae-wives or sybils foretell the child’s destiny and one states the
    candle-bound lifespan.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: keeper of life-token
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Gestr’s mother is given the extinguished candle and charged not to relight
    it until her son wishes to die.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: abductor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The sea beast is said to have carried off a king’s daughter.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:8
  label: informer of vulnerability
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: The old smith declares the one way of killing the sea beast.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: external heart or soul egg
  literal_form: egg containing heart, soul, or life
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:2
  label: hidden grain of sand
  literal_form: grain of sand under the ninth tongue of the ninth head of a dragon
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: life candle
  literal_form: candle whose burning marks Gestr’s lifespan
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: nested animal containers
  literal_form: duck, wether, hind, hoodie, trout, pigeon, hare, wolf, dove, and other
    nested beings containing the life-token
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: water settings for hidden life-token
  literal_form: lake, well, loch, and sea connected with the hidden token or its container
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: remote or sealed hiding place
  literal_form: island church well, threshold flagstone, distant brother’s body, and
    iron chest at the bottom of the sea
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  - fig:12
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: transformed ogre dwelling
  literal_form: rock becoming a gilded palace and lake becoming green meadows
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Norse giant’s heart in an egg
  summary: A giant reveals to a captive princess that his heart is hidden in a remote
    egg; the hero gets and breaks the egg, causing the giant to burst.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Norse hill-ogres and the grain of sand
  summary: A hill-ogre explains that a grain of sand hidden in a dragon’s ninth head
    can undo the ogres; the hero brings it to their rock and they burst.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Gestr’s lifespan candle
  summary: Prophetic women tie Gestr’s life to a burning candle, which is preserved
    by his mother until he later lights it and dies.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Celtic giant’s soul under the threshold
  summary: A giant’s soul is located in an egg hidden through nested animals beneath
    a flagstone; when the egg is crushed, the giant dies.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Celtic sea beast’s soul in egg
  summary: A sea beast that has carried off a king’s daughter can be killed only by
    breaking an egg containing its soul after a sequence of animal transformations
    or releases.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Breton invulnerable giant and breast-crushed egg
  summary: A giant declares that ordinary elements and weapons cannot harm him, but
    a hidden egg crushed on his breast will kill him; a soldier does so and the giant
    dies.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:7
  label: Body-without-Soul’s external life
  summary: A hero kills the animals that contain the giant’s life-egg, reaches the
    giant near death, and breaks the egg on his forehead.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: life or soul kept outside the body
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Several tales state that a giant’s, beast’s, or ogres’ heart, soul, or fatal
    vulnerability is kept in an external object rather than the body.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is a secondary comparative summary and not a full primary
    tale text.
- id: motif:2
  label: nested containers protecting a life-token
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The life-token is repeatedly hidden inside chains of animals, buildings,
    stones, bodies, or a chest before the hero can reach it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The exact sequence differs among tales.
- id: motif:3
  label: breaking or burning the token causes death
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Eggs are broken or crushed to kill giants or beasts, while Gestr dies when
    the lifespan candle is kindled.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The grain-of-sand episode causes bursting by being brought to the rock
    rather than by being broken.
- id: motif:4
  label: monster reveals or discloses its own vulnerability
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Several beings disclose to a princess or other hearer the hidden condition
    by which they can be killed or undone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not describe the circumstances of every disclosure, and
    some vulnerabilities are reported by helpers instead.
- id: motif:5
  label: abducted or captive princess linked to monster-slaying
  taxonomy_refs:
  - stolen_beloved
  basis: The passage includes captive princesses and a king’s daughter carried off
    by a sea beast in tales where a monster’s hidden life-token must be found.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage gives only brief summaries and does not narrate full rescue
    sequences for all examples.
- id: motif:6
  label: lifespan tied to a combustible object
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Gestr’s life is foretold to last only as long as a particular candle burns;
    the candle is extinguished, preserved, and later relit at his death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: This motif is represented here by one Icelandic example in the passage.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage presents Norse, Celtic, and Breton tales as sharing a pattern
    in which a being’s heart, soul, or life is externalized in a hidden token, often
    an egg, and the being dies when the token is destroyed or activated.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: external soul or life-token motif across Norse, Celtic, and Breton tales
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This supports motif similarity only; it does not by itself establish
    historical contact, borrowing, or common inheritance.
- id: claim:2
  claim: 'The grain-of-sand tale has the same functional pattern as the external life-token
    examples: a hidden small object is obtained and brought to the monster’s dwelling,
    causing the ogres to burst.'
  claim_level: same_function
  target: hidden fatal token causing destruction of ogres
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  counter_evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The object is not described as a soul or heart, and it destroys a group
    and transforms a place rather than directly containing one being’s life.
- id: claim:3
  claim: The passage explicitly calls the Icelandic Gestr episode a parallel to the
    story of Meleager, because Gestr’s death is tied to the preservation and burning
    of a particular object.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Meleager-type lifespan bound to a burnable object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage names Meleager but does not quote or summarize the Meleager
    story, so the comparison can only be recorded at the level stated in the passage.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6928-6936
  quote_or_summary: In a Norse tale, a giant says his heart is in an egg inside a
    duck in a well in a church on an island in a lake; the hero obtains and breaks
    the egg, and the giant bursts.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6936-6944
  quote_or_summary: In another Norse story, a hill-ogre says a grain of sand under
    the ninth tongue of a dragon’s ninth head can undo the ogres; the hero brings
    it to their rock and the ogres burst, while the rock and lake transform.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6944-6953
  quote_or_summary: In an Icelandic parallel to Meleager, spae-wives foretell Gestr’s
    destiny; one says he will live no longer than a candle burns, the chief sybil
    extinguishes and preserves it, and Gestr dies after lighting it three hundred
    years later.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6955-6960
  quote_or_summary: In a Celtic tale, a giant says his soul is in an egg inside a
    duck inside a wether under a flagstone beneath a threshold; the egg is crushed
    and the giant dies.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6960-6969
  quote_or_summary: In another Celtic tale, a sea beast has carried off a king’s daughter;
    an old smith says the beast can be killed only through an egg in the mouth of
    a trout after a sequence involving a hind and a hoodie; when the egg breaks, the
    beast dies.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6969-6976
  quote_or_summary: In a Breton story, a giant invulnerable to fire, water, and steel
    says he can be killed if a hidden egg, contained through pigeon, hare, wolf, and
    his brother, is crushed on his breast; a soldier does this and the giant dies.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6976-6980
  quote_or_summary: In another Breton tale, Body-without-Soul’s life is in an egg
    inside a dove, hare, wolf, and an iron chest at the bottom of the sea; the hero
    kills the animals, breaks the egg on the giant’s forehead, and the giant dies.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: high
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is explicit about repeated external-life tokens and their effects.
    Comparison claims are limited to similarities supported within Frazer’s summarized
    examples and do not infer transmission.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external sources used; taxonomy references applied only where directly supported by the provided available taxonomy list.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg__l6928-l6980
  passage_sha256=96f923ea9fbf3c75c276259b2a4005eb1b0f0bf6f09f5b9deb0706c7e45d1930