Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg-l6695-l6769

batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg-l6695-l6769

---
record_id: batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg-l6695-l6769
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
passage_locator:
  label: 'The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 2 of 2) / CONTENTS;
    lines 6695-6769'
  start: '6695'
  end: '6769'
  translation: 'The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 2 of 2)'
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: "“This tree is my life.”"
  summary: Frazer lists several South Asian and Southeast Asian tales in which ogres,
    kings, princes, or fairy beings have their life or soul lodged outside the body
    in animals, plants, objects, water-associated places, snow, or a guarded box;
    destruction or alteration of the external object causes injury or death to the
    person or group whose life it contains.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: In a Kashmir story, a lad pretends to be the old ogress's grandson and learns
    that the lives of several family members are contained in seven cocks, a spinning-wheel,
    a pigeon, and a starling.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The lad kills the birds and smashes the spinning-wheel, after which the ogres
    and ogresses perish.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: In another Kashmir story, an ogre can die only if a particular palace verandah
    pillar is broken.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: A prince breaks the pillar, and the ogre reacts to each blow before dying
    when the pillar falls.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: In another Kashmir tale, an ogre says his life is in a queen bee located in
    a honeycomb on a tree.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The hero crushes the queen bee, and the ogre immediately dies.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: In Bengali tales, the life of a tribe of ogres is concentrated in two bees
    on a crystal pillar in deep water in a tank.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The old ogress says that if blood from the destroyed bees falls to the ground,
    a thousand ogres will spring up from it.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: In another Bengali story, the lives of all ogres dwelling in Ceylon are in
    one lemon, and a boy cuts it to pieces.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: In a Siamese or Cambodian story, Thossakan or Ravana removes his soul from
    his body and leaves it in a box with the hermit Fire-eye before battle.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: Rama's arrows strike Ravana without wounding him while Ravana's soul is outside
    his body.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: One of Rama's allies magically assumes Ravana's likeness, retrieves the soul-box
    from the hermit, and squeezes it until Ravana dies.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:13
  text: In a Bengali story, a prince plants a tree and tells his parents that its
    condition will show whether he is well, endangered, or dead.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:14
  text: In an Indian tale, a prince leaves a barley plant to be watched; when he is
    beheaded, the barley plant snaps and its ear falls.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:15
  text: In the legend of the origin of Gilgit, a fairy king's soul is in the snows
    and he can perish only by fire.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: lad in the Kashmir ogress story
  description: A boy who pretends to be the old ogress's grandson and destroys the
    objects and birds containing lives.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: old ogress in the Kashmir story
  description: An old ogress who takes the lad into her confidence and identifies
    the external life containers.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: ogres and ogresses with lives in birds and spinning-wheel
  description: Ogres and ogresses whose lives are tied to seven cocks, a spinning-wheel,
    a pigeon, and a starling.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: prince in the Kashmir pillar story
  description: A prince who breaks the pillar that contains or controls the ogre's
    life.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: ogre with life tied to a pillar
  description: An ogre who howls and shakes when the palace pillar is struck and dies
    when it falls.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: hero in the Kashmir queen-bee story
  description: A hero who obtains and crushes the queen bee in which the ogre's life
    dwells.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: ogre with life in a queen bee
  description: An ogre who claims he will remain ever strong and young because his
    life dwells in a difficult-to-obtain queen bee.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: old Bengali ogress
  description: An ogress who explains to a captive princess the secret of the two
    bees containing the lives of the ogres.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: captive princess
  description: A princess who hears the secret from the old ogress and reveals it
    to the hero.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Bengali hero who kills the two bees
  description: A hero who destroys the two bees, causing all the ogres to fall dead.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: boy who cuts the lemon
  description: A boy who cuts the lemon containing all the ogres' lives.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Thossakan or Ravana, King of Ceylon
  description: A king who removes his soul from his body, stores it in a box, and
    becomes unwounded in battle until the box is recovered and squeezed.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Rama
  description: Ravana's opponent in battle, whose arrows initially fail to wound the
    king.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Fire-eye hermit
  description: A hermit entrusted with Ravana's soul-box.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Rama's ally
  description: An ally who transforms into Ravana's likeness, retrieves the soul-box,
    and brings it to Rama while squeezing it.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:16
  name_or_label: prince with life-tree
  description: A prince who plants a tree and says its condition indicates his own
    life condition.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:17
  name_or_label: prince with barley plant
  description: A prince whose watched barley plant snaps when he is beheaded.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:18
  name_or_label: fairy king of Gilgit legend
  description: A fairy king whose soul is in the snows and who can only perish by
    fire.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: secret discloser
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: These figures reveal or pass on knowledge of where the external life is located.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: role:2
  label: destroyer or retriever of external life object
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:15
  basis: These figures destroy, break, crush, cut, or retrieve the external object
    or animal on which another being's life depends.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:3
  label: being with externally located life or soul
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:12
  - fig:18
  basis: These figures are described as living, dying, or being invulnerable because
    their life or soul is lodged outside the body.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: role:4
  label: guardian of soul container
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: The hermit Fire-eye is entrusted with keeping Ravana's soul safe in a box.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: owner of plant life-token
  assigned_to:
  - fig:16
  - fig:17
  basis: The princes' conditions are mirrored by a tree or barley plant left behind.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: birds as life containers
  literal_form: seven cocks, a pigeon, and a starling
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: spinning-wheel as life container
  literal_form: spinning-wheel
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: pillar as vulnerable life object
  literal_form: particular pillar in the verandah of a palace
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: queen bee as external life
  literal_form: queen bee in a honeycomb on a tree
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: two bees on crystal pillar in water
  literal_form: two bees on a crystal pillar in deep water in a tank
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: blood as multiplying source of ogres
  literal_form: blood of the two bees falling to the ground
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:7
  label: lemon containing collective lives
  literal_form: single lemon
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: box containing removed soul
  literal_form: box holding Ravana's soul
  associated_figures:
  - fig:12
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:9
  label: tree as life-token
  literal_form: tree planted in the courtyard
  associated_figures:
  - fig:16
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:10
  label: barley plant as life-token
  literal_form: barley plant
  associated_figures:
  - fig:17
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:11
  label: snow-held soul and fatal fire
  literal_form: soul in the snows; death by fire
  associated_figures:
  - fig:18
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Kashmir ogress reveals and loses life containers
  summary: A lad deceives an old ogress, learns the life locations of ogres and ogresses,
    destroys the birds and spinning-wheel, and the beings perish.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Kashmir pillar broken to kill an ogre
  summary: A prince learns that an ogre's death depends on a palace pillar, breaks
    it, and the ogre dies with the pillar's collapse.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Kashmir queen bee crushed
  summary: An ogre's life is located in a queen bee in a honeycomb on a tree; the
    hero crushes the bee and the ogre dies.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Bengali ogres' lives in two bees
  summary: An old ogress reveals that the lives of a tribe of ogres are in two bees
    on a crystal pillar under water; after the princess tells the hero, he kills the
    bees and the ogres die.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Bengali lemon cut to kill ogres
  summary: A boy cuts the single lemon containing the lives of all ogres in Ceylon,
    and the ogres die.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Ravana's soul-box retrieved
  summary: Ravana stores his soul in a box with Fire-eye and is unwounded in battle;
    Rama's ally takes the box by disguise, squeezes it, and Ravana dies.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:7
  label: Plant life-tokens of absent princes
  summary: 'Two tales describe plants left behind by princes: a tree whose state shows
    the prince''s condition and a barley plant that snaps when its prince is beheaded.'
  figure_refs:
  - fig:16
  - fig:17
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:8
  label: Gilgit fairy king's soul in snow
  summary: A fairy king is described as having his soul in the snows and as being
    killable only by fire.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:18
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: external life or soul hidden outside the body
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Multiple tales describe a being or group whose life or soul is in an animal,
    object, plant, box, pillar, lemon, snow, or other external locus, so that injury
    to that locus causes death or vulnerability.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: No exact supplied taxonomy family names the external-soul motif, so taxonomy_refs
    are left empty.
- id: motif:2
  label: secret vulnerability disclosed to a deceiver or captive
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The old ogress tells the disguised lad the location of several lives; another
    old ogress tells a captive princess the secret of the ogres' two bees, which the
    princess passes to the hero.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives only these examples of disclosure; broader narrative
    context is not supplied.
- id: motif:3
  label: life-token plant indicating absent person's fate
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: A tree and a barley plant left behind by princes show the condition of the
    absent owner, including danger or death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: These plant tokens are indicators of the person's state; the passage does
    not state that destroying them would kill the prince.
- id: motif:4
  label: invulnerability through soul removal and guarded soul-box
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Ravana removes his soul from his body, leaves it with a hermit in a box,
    and cannot be wounded until the box is recovered and squeezed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage labels the story Siamese or Cambodian and probably Indian-derived,
    but gives only a brief summary.
- id: motif:5
  label: dangerous blood of slain life-animals generating more monsters
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The old ogress says that if a drop of blood from the destroyed bees falls
    to the ground, a thousand ogres will spring up from it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage reports the warning but does not describe the blood actually
    falling or generating ogres.
- id: motif:6
  label: opposed elements as soul location and means of death
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The Gilgit fairy king's soul is in the snows, while fire is the only stated
    means by which he can perish.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage provides only a single sentence for this legend.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The Kashmir, Bengali, Siamese or Cambodian, Indian, and Gilgit examples in
    this passage share a recurring pattern in which life or soul is lodged outside
    the body and can be attacked through that external locus.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: external life or external soul tale pattern across the cited examples
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage is a comparative collection of summaries and does not provide
    full tale texts or independent source contexts.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage itself states that the Siamese or Cambodian Ravana story is probably
    derived from India, supporting a cautious contact or transmission claim for that
    example.
  claim_level: historical_contact
  target: Siamese or Cambodian Ravana story and Indian narrative tradition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The claim rests on Frazer's wording in this passage; no additional
    evidence for transmission is supplied here.
- id: claim:3
  claim: The Bengali tree and Indian barley examples share the same function of marking
    an absent prince's condition through the condition of a plant left at home.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: plant life-token tales of the Bengali prince and the Indian prince
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The plant objects function as status indicators in the summaries; the
    passage does not assert that they are identical tale types.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6695-6709
  quote_or_summary: 'Kashmir story: a lad pretending to be an ogress''s grandson learns
    that seven cocks, a spinning-wheel, a pigeon, and a starling contain lives, then
    kills or smashes them and the ogres and ogresses perish.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6709-6716
  quote_or_summary: 'Kashmir story: an ogre can die only if a particular palace verandah
    pillar is broken; a prince breaks it, and the ogre suffers with each blow and
    dies when it falls.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6716-6725
  quote_or_summary: 'Kashmir tale: an ogre''s life dwells in a queen bee in a honeycomb
    on a tree; the hero crushes the queen bee and the ogre dies immediately.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6725-6742
  quote_or_summary: 'Bengali tales: an old ogress reveals that a tribe of ogres''
    lives are in two bees on a crystal pillar in deep water; if bee-blood falls, a
    thousand ogres arise; the princess tells the hero, who kills the bees and all
    the ogres die.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6742-6745
  quote_or_summary: 'Bengali story: all ogres dwell in Ceylon and all their lives
    are in a single lemon; a boy cuts the lemon in pieces and all the ogres die.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6746-6759
  quote_or_summary: 'Siamese or Cambodian story, said probably derived from India:
    Ravana removes his soul into a box kept by Fire-eye; Rama''s arrows do not wound
    him; Rama''s ally retrieves and squeezes the box, causing Ravana to die.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: quote
  locator: lines 6759-6764
  quote_or_summary: A Bengali prince plants a tree and says, “This tree is my life,”
    explaining that green, fading, or fully faded states correspond to his wellbeing,
    danger, or death.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6764-6768
  quote_or_summary: 'Indian tale: a prince leaves a barley plant to be tended and
    watched; if it flourishes he is well, if it droops mischance is near; when he
    is beheaded the barley plant snaps and the ear falls.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6768-6769
  quote_or_summary: 'Gilgit origin legend: a fairy king has his soul in the snows
    and can perish only by fire.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: high
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is explicitly comparative and gives clear repeated external-life
    examples. Some individual stories are brief summaries, limiting detail and historical
    inference.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No exact available taxonomy motif family corresponds to the external-soul/life-in-object pattern; available symbol refs were used only where literal forms matched tree, water, or fire.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg__l6695-l6769
  passage_sha256=b451fcf6e03e5d9efe419392ad83a124e150eb818b64f2e32faebe9e8b0dfedb