Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg-l6586-l6652

batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg-l6586-l6652

---
record_id: batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg-l6586-l6652
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
passage_locator:
  label: 'The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 2 of 2) / CONTENTS;
    lines 6586-6652'
  start: '6586'
  end: '6652'
  translation: 'The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 2 of 2)'
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Frazer introduces a class of widely diffused folk-tales about an external
    soul, then summarizes a common form in which an immortal being hides his life
    or death in a distant object or animal. He gives Hindu examples in which Punchkin's
    life depends on a green parrot, and an ogre's soul is kept in a bird hidden in
    a cage on a snake atop a guarded tree.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage identifies a class of folk-tales in which a being's soul, heart,
    life, or death is kept outside the body in a remote place.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: obs:2
  text: The general tale form includes a warlock, giant, or other fairyland being
    who is invulnerable and immortal because his soul is hidden far away.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: A captive princess learns the hidden secret from the being and reveals it
    to a hero, who destroys the external soul and kills the being.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: In the Punchkin tale, a magician holds a queen captive for twelve years and
    wants to marry her, but she refuses.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The queen and her son plot to kill Punchkin by obtaining information about
    his immortality.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Punchkin says his life depends on a little green parrot kept in a small cage
    under six water-filled chattees, inside a circle of palm-trees in a distant jungle
    guarded by genii.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The queen's son obtains the parrot and injures it; corresponding limbs fall
    from Punchkin's body.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: When the boy wrings the parrot's neck, Punchkin dies.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: In another Hindu tale, an ogre says his soul is in a bird kept in a cage on
    the head of a snake at the top of a tree, with dangerous animals around the tree.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The ogre dies in a manner like Punchkin when the bird's limbs and neck are
    destroyed.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: External-soul being
  description: A general warlock, giant, or fairyland being described as immortal
    and invulnerable because his soul is hidden away.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Captive princess
  description: A general fair princess held enthralled in an enchanted castle who
    learns the being's secret and reveals it to the hero.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Hero
  description: A general hero who seeks out and destroys the hidden soul, heart, life,
    or death of the external-soul being.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Punchkin
  description: A Hindu tale magician who holds a queen captive and whose life depends
    on a green parrot.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Queen captive of Punchkin
  description: A queen held captive by Punchkin for twelve years; she questions him
    about his immortality while pretending willingness to marry him.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Queen's son / prince
  description: The queen's son comes to rescue her, obtains Punchkin's parrot, and
    kills it.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Green parrot
  description: A little green parrot in a cage; Punchkin states that his life depends
    on it.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Genii guards
  description: Many thousand genii appointed to surround the palm-trees and kill those
    who approach.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Ogre
  description: An ogre in another Hindu tale who says his soul is in a bird.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Ogre's daughter
  description: The daughter who asks the ogre where he keeps his soul.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Bird containing the ogre's soul
  description: A bird in a cage at the top of a guarded tree; the ogre says his soul
    is in that bird.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Snake atop the tree
  description: A very great fat snake on top of the tree, with the bird's cage on
    its head.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Immortal being with hidden external life
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:9
  basis: The passage describes beings whose life, soul, heart, or death is externalized
    and hidden, making them invulnerable or immortal until it is destroyed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: Questioner or revealer of the secret
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:10
  basis: The princess reveals the secret to the hero; the queen elicits Punchkin's
    secret; the ogre's daughter asks where the soul is kept.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:3
  label: Rescuer and destroyer of external soul
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  basis: The hero or prince seeks out the external life and destroys it, causing the
    being's death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: Animal vessel of life or soul
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  - fig:11
  basis: Punchkin's life depends on the parrot, and the ogre says his soul is in a
    bird.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: Guardian of hidden life-place
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:12
  basis: The genii guard the palm-trees around Punchkin's parrot, and the snake is
    part of the guarded tree arrangement around the ogre's soul-bird.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: External soul
  literal_form: Soul, heart, life, or death hidden outside the body in a remote place
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: sym:2
  label: Bird as life-container
  literal_form: Parrot or bird whose injury or death causes the magician's or ogre's
    corresponding injury or death
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:7
  - fig:9
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:3
  label: Remote guarded tree-place
  literal_form: Palm-tree circle in distant jungle; separate tale's tree surrounded
    by dangerous animals and topped by a snake and cage
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: Water-filled vessels
  literal_form: Six chattees full of water piled one above another above the cage
    containing Punchkin's parrot
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: Cage enclosing the life-animal
  literal_form: Small cage containing the parrot or bird that holds the being's life
    or soul
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Frazer introduces the external-soul tale class
  summary: The passage states that stories of external souls are widely diffused and
    treats them as evidence for a primitive belief in externalizing the soul.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: General pattern of the hidden life tale
  summary: An immortal warlock, giant, or fairyland being keeps his life hidden; a
    captive princess learns the secret and tells the hero, who destroys it and kills
    the being.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Queen elicits Punchkin's secret
  summary: The queen pretends to accept Punchkin and asks about his immortality; he
    explains the distant hiding place of the parrot on which his life depends.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Prince kills Punchkin through the parrot
  summary: The queen's son obtains the parrot, tears off its limbs, and finally wrings
    its neck; Punchkin's body loses corresponding limbs and he dies.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Ogre's soul in a bird on a tree
  summary: An ogre tells his daughter that his soul is in a bird in a cage on a snake's
    head atop a tree surrounded by dangerous creatures; the ogre later dies when the
    bird is destroyed.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: External soul hidden outside the body
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage repeatedly describes beings whose soul, heart, life, or death
    is hidden elsewhere, so that destroying the external object or animal kills the
    being.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: No exact external-soul taxonomy reference is available in the supplied
    taxonomy list.
- id: motif:2
  label: Life bound to an animal in a cage
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Punchkin's life depends on a caged green parrot, and the ogre's soul is in
    a caged bird; injury to the bird maps onto injury and death of the being.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage treats the bird as a life-container rather than as an independently
    symbolic bird motif.
- id: motif:3
  label: Secret of invulnerability elicited from captive or family member
  taxonomy_refs:
  - forbidden_knowledge
  basis: The general pattern has a captive princess learn the being's secret and reveal
    it to the hero; Punchkin is questioned by the queen, and the ogre is questioned
    by his daughter.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy label 'forbidden_knowledge' is broader than the
    passage's specific secret of the hidden soul.
- id: motif:4
  label: Remote guarded hiding place of life
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The life-object is hidden far away in a secret or inaccessible place guarded
    by genii or dangerous animals, with nested barriers such as trees, water vessels,
    cage, and snake.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is extracted as a structural motif from the passage; no exact supplied
    taxonomy reference is available.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage presents the Norse story of 'The giant who had no heart in his
    body' and the Hindu Punchkin and ogre tales as examples of the same broad external-soul
    tale class.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Norse 'The giant who had no heart in his body' and Hindu external-soul tales
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage gives only a title for the Norse example and fuller detail
    only for the Hindu examples.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage claims that external-soul stories occur in various forms among
    Aryan peoples from Hindustan to the Hebrides.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Aryan folk-tale traditions from Hindustan to the Hebrides
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: This is Frazer's comparative framing within the passage; no independent
    evidence outside the passage is used here.
- id: claim:3
  claim: The passage cautiously links external-soul folk-tales with actual beliefs
    and practices concerning the externalizing of the soul.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Beliefs and practices concerning externalizing the soul
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage announces this comparison but does not yet provide the
    later ethnographic examples within the supplied excerpt.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 6586-6601
  quote_or_summary: Frazer says folk-tales such as the Norse story of 'The giant who
    had no heart in his body' furnish evidence for a primitive belief in an external
    soul; he states that such stories are widely diffused and will be compared with
    beliefs and practices concerning externalizing the soul.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 6602-6612
  quote_or_summary: Frazer states that all Aryan peoples from Hindustan to the Hebrides
    tell external-soul stories in various forms; a common form has an invulnerable
    being hiding his soul far away, a captive princess learning the secret, and a
    hero destroying the hidden life to kill the being.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 6612-6618
  quote_or_summary: In the Hindu story, Punchkin holds a queen captive for twelve
    years and wants to marry her; her son arrives to rescue her, and mother and son
    plot to kill Punchkin.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: 6618-6632
  quote_or_summary: 'Punchkin says that far away, in a jungle, inside a circle of
    palm-trees and beneath six water-filled vessels, is a cage with a little green
    parrot: ''on the life of the parrot depends my life.'''
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quote from public domain text.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 6632-6644
  quote_or_summary: The queen's son obtains the parrot and tears off its wings and
    legs, causing Punchkin's corresponding limbs to fall off; when the boy wrings
    the parrot's neck, Punchkin dies.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: 6644-6650
  quote_or_summary: In another Hindu tale, an ogre says a tree stands sixteen miles
    away, surrounded by dangerous creatures; on top is a snake, on its head a cage,
    and 'in the cage is a bird; and my soul is in that bird.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quote from public domain text.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 6650-6652
  quote_or_summary: 'The passage states that the ogre''s end is like Punchkin''s:
    as the bird''s wings and legs are torn off, the ogre''s limbs drop off, and when
    its neck is wrung he falls dead.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-2-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: high
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage explicitly defines and exemplifies the external-soul tale pattern.
    Taxonomy mapping is limited because no exact external-soul motif family is supplied.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Frazer's historical and ethnological terminology is retained only where necessary for neutral summary of the passage.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:comparative-golden-bough-volume-2-frazer-gutenberg__l6586-l6652
  passage_sha256=8efb9ee4e58925f3452d5ee2f115b2b59f803daaaf16228ed8bbdf21e4fdd294