Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-1-frazer-gutenberg-l7767-l7813

batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-1-frazer-gutenberg-l7767-l7813

---
record_id: batch.motif.comparative-golden-bough-volume-1-frazer-gutenberg-l7767-l7813
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
passage_locator:
  label: MACAULAY. / CHAPTER II. THE PERILS OF THE SOUL. / HEINE. / CHAPTER III. KILLING
    THE GOD.; lines 7767-7813
  start: '7767'
  end: '7813'
  translation: 'The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 1 of 2)'
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'Frazer compares harvest customs involving a rice soul or crop spirit:
    Dyak rites secure the soul of the rice in grains and later sow part of it; Karen
    formulas summon the rice soul back to failing fields; and a Javanese rice-harvest
    rite treats selected rice ears as a Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom with wedding
    and bridal-chamber observances before the harvest is housed.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The Dyaks of Northern Borneo hold a special harvest feast whose stated object
    is to secure the soul of the rice so that the produce will not rot and decay.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: In one Dyak form of the rite, a priest catches the rice soul as a few grains
    of rice in a white cloth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: In another Dyak form, a shed, altar, bamboo posts, white streamer, dancing,
    music, and spectators are part of the harvest rite.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: During the Dyak altar rite, elders and priests seize the white streamer, an
    elder shakes the bamboos, and small stones, hair bunches, and rice grains fall
    and are collected.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The passage identifies the collected rice grains in the Dyak rite as the soul
    of the rice.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: At sowing time, some of the collected soul of the rice is planted with other
    seeds and thereby propagated and communicated.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The Karens of Burma suppose that an unflourishing rice-field may result from
    the rice soul being detained from the rice.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The Karen formula calls the rice-kelah to come back to the field and rice
    from many directions, rivers, animals, regions, kingdoms, and granaries.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: In Java, before reaping begins, a priest or sorcerer selects ears of rice,
    ties them together, anoints them, and adorns them with flowers.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: The decorated rice ears in the Javanese rite are called the Rice-bride and
    the Rice-bridegroom, and their wedding feast is celebrated before cutting begins.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: When the Javanese rice is being brought in, a bridal chamber is made in the
    barn with a new mat, a lamp, and toilet articles.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: Sheaves of rice are placed beside the Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom as wedding
    guests, and for forty days after housing the rice no one may enter the barn for
    fear of disturbing the newly-wedded pair.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Dyaks of Northern Borneo
  description: People described as holding harvest rites to secure the soul of the
    rice.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Dyak priest
  description: Ritual specialist who may catch the rice soul in a white cloth and
    participates in seizing the white streamer.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Dyak elders
  description: Ritual participants who rush at and seize the white streamer; one elder
    leaps on the altar and shakes the bamboos.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Dyak dancers and attendants
  description: Men and women dance near the altar; attendants pick up the fallen objects
    and rice grains.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Soul of the rice
  description: Described in Dyak rites as present in a few grains of rice and in collected
    grains that are later planted with seed.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Karens of Burma
  description: People described as recalling the rice soul when a rice-field does
    not flourish.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Rice-kelah
  description: Karen term in the passage for the soul of the rice, addressed in a
    recall formula.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Javanese priest or sorcerer
  description: Ritual specialist who selects, ties, anoints, and adorns rice ears
    before reaping.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom
  description: Decorated ears of rice in Java, named as a bride and bridegroom and
    treated as a newly wedded pair.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Rice sheaves as wedding guests
  description: Sheaves of rice placed beside the Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom to
    represent wedding guests.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: harvest-rite community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  basis: The passage attributes harvest or crop-soul rites to these peoples.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: ritual specialist
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  basis: The passage describes a priest, or priest/sorcerer, performing ritual actions
    connected with the rice soul or rice bride-pair.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: role:3
  label: elder ritual actor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Elders seize the streamer, and an elder shakes the bamboos on the altar.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: ritual participants and collectors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Dancers move near the altar, and attendants collect fallen objects and grains.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: crop soul
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  basis: The passage explicitly calls the relevant rice grains or kelah the soul of
    the rice.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: personified crop marriage pair
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Decorated rice ears are called the Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom, given
    a wedding feast, and treated as newly wedded.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:7
  label: represented wedding guests
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Sheaves of rice are placed beside the Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom to represent
    wedding guests.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: rice grains as rice soul
  literal_form: few grains of rice or collected grains identified as the soul of the
    rice
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: white cloth or streamer
  literal_form: white cloth used to catch the rice soul; long narrow white streamer
    hanging from a bamboo at the altar
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: altar with bamboo posts
  literal_form: high spacious altar with lofty bamboos with leafy tops at the corner-posts
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: rice-kelah recall
  literal_form: spoken formula summoning the soul of the rice to the field and rice
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom
  literal_form: selected rice ears tied together, anointed, flower-adorned, named
    as bride and bridegroom
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: bridal chamber in barn
  literal_form: partitioned barn space furnished with a new mat, lamp, and toilet
    articles
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: forty-day restriction
  literal_form: forty-day period during which no one may enter the barn after the
    rice is housed
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Dyak securing of the rice soul at harvest
  summary: At harvest, Dyak rites secure the soul of the rice either by catching grains
    in a white cloth or through an altar rite in which participants seize a streamer,
    shake bamboos, and collect fallen grains identified as the rice soul.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:2
  label: Dyak propagation of the rice soul at sowing
  summary: At sowing time, some of the previously secured rice soul is planted with
    other seeds so that it is propagated and communicated.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Karen recall of the rice-kelah
  summary: When a rice-field fails to flourish, the Karens suppose the rice soul may
    be detained, and a formula summons it back to the field and rice from many places.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Javanese rice wedding before reaping
  summary: Before reaping, a priest or sorcerer selects and adorns rice ears, names
    them Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom, and celebrates their wedding feast before
    cutting begins.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Javanese bridal chamber and post-harvest restriction
  summary: As the harvest is housed, a bridal chamber is prepared in the barn, rice
    sheaves are placed as wedding guests, and entry to the barn is forbidden for forty
    days to avoid disturbing the newly wedded pair.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: securing the soul of the crop
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The Dyak rites aim to detain the soul of the rice, represented in grains
    collected through ritual action, so the crop will not decay and future seed can
    receive it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a passage-level motif label, not a supplied taxonomy identifier.
- id: motif:2
  label: recalling the absent crop soul
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The Karen explanation for crop failure is that the rice soul is detained,
    and the formula calls the rice-kelah back from many locations to the field and
    rice.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives the formula but does not describe the full ritual context
    beyond its use in recalling the rice soul.
- id: motif:3
  label: ritual marriage of crop spirits
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_marriage
  basis: The Javanese rite names decorated rice ears as Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom,
    celebrates their wedding feast, houses them in a bridal chamber, and protects
    them as a newly wedded pair.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is based on explicit bride, bridegroom, wedding
    feast, and bridal chamber language in the passage.
- id: motif:4
  label: harvest-to-sowing continuity of crop vitality
  taxonomy_refs:
  - seasonal_cycle
  basis: The Dyak rice soul is secured at harvest and later planted with other seeds
    at sowing time to propagate and communicate it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The seasonal-cycle classification is inferred from the passage’s harvest
    and sowing sequence, not from an explicit phrase in the text.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The Dyak and Karen examples share the function of treating crop success as
    dependent on the presence or recovery of a rice soul.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Dyak securing of the rice soul and Karen recalling of the rice-kelah
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: 'The specific ritual procedures differ: Dyak rites secure or plant
    rice-soul grains, while the Karen example centers on a recall formula.'
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage presents the Javanese Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom as a parallel
    to the European custom of representing the corn-spirit in the double form of bride
    and bridegroom.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: European corn-spirit represented as bride and bridegroom
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage states the parallel but gives no detailed European example
    within this line range beyond the bride-and-bridegroom formulation.
- id: claim:3
  claim: The passage uses Dyak harvest customs as comparative evidence for interpreting
    European peasant harvest customs.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: European peasant harvest customs
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The European customs are referred to generally here; their specific
    actions are not described in this passage.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7767-7773
  quote_or_summary: The passage says Dyaks of Northern Borneo hold a harvest feast
    whose object is to secure the soul of the rice so the farm produce will not rot
    and decay.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7773-7775
  quote_or_summary: One mode described is that the priest catches the soul of the
    rice, in the form of a few rice grains, in a white cloth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7775-7787
  quote_or_summary: Another Dyak rite uses a shed, high altar, leafy bamboo posts,
    a white streamer, dancing, music, seizure of the streamer, shaking of bamboos,
    and collection of fallen stones, hair, and rice grains; the grains are identified
    as the soul of the rice.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7787-7789
  quote_or_summary: At sowing time, some of the rice soul is planted with the other
    seeds and is thereby propagated and communicated.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7789-7793
  quote_or_summary: The Karens of Burma are said to feel the need to secure the rice
    soul; if a rice-field does not flourish, they suppose the rice soul is detained
    from the rice, and if it cannot be called back the crop will fail.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7793-7802
  quote_or_summary: The Karen formula summons the rice-kelah to come to the field
    and rice from rivers, directions, animals, river sources and mouths, countries,
    distant kingdoms, and granaries.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7802-7809
  quote_or_summary: At the rice-harvest in Java, before reaping, a priest or sorcerer
    selects ears of rice, ties them together, smears them with ointment, adorns them
    with flowers, calls them the Rice-bride and Rice-bridegroom, celebrates their
    wedding feast, and then cutting begins.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7809-7813
  quote_or_summary: When the Javanese rice is housed, a bridal chamber is made in
    the barn with a new mat, lamp, and toilet articles; rice sheaves represent wedding
    guests; no one may enter the barn for forty days to avoid disturbing the newly
    wedded pair.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7767-7770; 7802-7804
  quote_or_summary: Frazer frames Dyak harvest customs as a comparison for European
    peasant harvest customs, and separately says the European corn-spirit in the double
    form of bride and bridegroom is paralleled by a Javanese rice-harvest custom.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/comparative/project-gutenberg/golden-bough-volume-1-frazer.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary provided.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage directly describes the rites.
    Motif and comparison labels require modest abstraction from Frazer's comparative
    framing.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external taxonomy IDs beyond the supplied motif-family list were used; available symbol taxonomy did not include rice, cloth, altar, barn, or bride-pair.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:comparative-golden-bough-volume-1-frazer-gutenberg__l7767-l7813
  passage_sha256=c2180916a0f6e15dce7ef5510d5605562b090b10b5e91b86427145d63a72814d