Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg-l6714-l6821

batch.motif.celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg-l6714-l6821

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg-l6714-l6821
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
passage_locator:
  label: 'CHAPTER V. THE BEST MEN OF THE FIANNA / BOOK TWO: FINN''S HELPERS / CHAPTER
    I. THE LAD OF THE SKINS / CHAPTER II. BLACK, BROWN, AND GREY; lines 6714-6821'
  start: '6714'
  end: '6821'
  translation: Gods and Fighting Men
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Finn accepts three strange men, Dubh, Dun, and Glasan, into service and
    sets them to keep three night watches measured by burning logs. Dubh recovers
    a wonder-working cup stolen from Finn; Dun recovers a wonder-working knife stolen
    from Finn; Glasan kills a monstrous hag, after which three young men emerge from
    her body and one escapes. Finn later accepts a Red-Haired Man into service on
    condition that, if he dies, Finn will bury him on Inis Caol. After the man dies,
    Finn keeps his promise and follows an old white horse bearing the corpse toward
    the island.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Finn is hunting near Teamhair of the Kings when three strange men named Dubh,
    Dun, and Glasan come to find him and enter his service.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Finn assigns the three men successive thirds of the night as watches, each
    marked by the burning of a separate log cut from a tree trunk.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Dubh, accompanied by Bran, follows a bright light to a large house where strange-looking
    men drink from one cup said to have been taken from Finn a hundred years earlier.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The cup is described as able to supply each man with his fill of whatever
    drink he wants.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Dubh drinks from the cup, slips away with it, and returns when his log is
    burned out.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: Dun, accompanied by Bran, reaches a large house where men are fighting and
    an old man displays a knife said to have been stolen from Finn a hundred years
    earlier.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: The knife is described as producing slices of the best meat in the world when
    used to cut on a bone.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: Dun obtains the knife and returns to Finn when his log is burned out.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: Glasan reaches a house whose floor is full of dead bodies and hides beneath
    some of them to observe what happens.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: An old hag with one leg, one arm, and one long upper tooth enters, discards
    lean bodies, bites fat bodies, feeds on flesh and blood, and falls asleep.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:11
  text: Glasan kills the hag; three young men leap out of her body; Glasan kills one,
    Bran kills another, and the third escapes.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:12
  text: Finn praises Dubh and Dun but says Glasan may have done better to leave the
    hag alone because the escaped young man may bring trouble.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:13
  text: After twenty-one years a Red-Haired Man asks Finn for service for the next
    twenty-one years, requesting no wages except burial on Inis Caol if he dies before
    the term ends.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:14
  text: The Red-Haired Man serves Finn for twenty years, wastes away in the twenty-first
    year, and dies.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:15
  text: Finn refuses to break his word, puts the dead man on an old white horse that
    has grown younger on the hills, and follows it with twelve men of the Fianna toward
    Inis Caol.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Finn, son of Cumhal
  description: Head of the Fianna who accepts servants, owns or formerly owned the
    cup and knife, judges the watchers' deeds, and keeps his promise to bury the Red-Haired
    Man.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Dubh / Black
  description: One of three strange men who enters Finn's service and keeps the first
    watch.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Dun / Brown
  description: One of three strange men who enters Finn's service and keeps the second
    watch.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Glasan / Grey
  description: One of three strange men who enters Finn's service and keeps the third
    watch.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Bran
  description: Finn's hound or companion who accompanies the watchers and kills one
    of the young men who emerges from the hag.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Strange-looking men in the first house
  description: A company in a large house who drink from the single cup taken from
    Finn.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Highest man in the first house
  description: The man who passes the cup and identifies it as the great cup taken
    from Finn.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Fighting men in the second house
  description: A crowd of men fighting in a large house where the knife is displayed.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Old man in a high place
  description: An old man above the fighting crowd who stops the fighting and presents
    the wonderful knife.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Old hag
  description: A one-legged, one-armed, one-toothed hag who eats from dead bodies
    and is killed by Glasan.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Three young men from the hag's body
  description: Three young men who leap out of the hag's body after she is killed;
    two are killed and one escapes.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Red-Haired Man
  description: A man who seeks Finn as master for twenty-one years, asks burial on
    Inis Caol as his only wage if he dies, serves Finn, withers, and dies.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: The Fianna
  description: Finn's war band, present at the later hunting and reluctant to go to
    Inis Caol for the burial.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Old white horse
  description: An old white horse turned loose on the hills that has grown younger
    rather than older and carries the Red-Haired Man's body.
  role_refs:
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: leader and master
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Finn is named Head of the Fianna and accepts men into his service.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: owner of recovered objects
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The cup and knife are each said to have been taken or stolen from Finn a
    hundred years earlier.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: vow-keeper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Finn says he will break his word for no man and undertakes the burial himself.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: new servant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  basis: Dubh, Dun, and Glasan come to take service with Finn.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: recoverer of stolen wonder-object
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  basis: Dubh takes the cup and Dun takes the knife from houses where the objects
    are identified as formerly Finn's.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: slayer of monstrous hag
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Glasan kills the hag and one of the young men who emerges from her body.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: animal companion and fighter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Bran accompanies the watchers and kills the second young man from the hag's
    body.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: holders of the cup
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The company in the first house drinks from the cup taken from Finn.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:9
  label: announcer of wonder-object
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  - fig:9
  basis: One man identifies the cup and another identifies the knife and explains
    its power.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:10
  label: combatant crowd
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Dun finds them fighting in the large house.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:11
  label: corpse-eating monster
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The hag eats from dead bodies and is described with abnormal single limbs
    and tooth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:12
  label: emergent young men
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Three young men leap out of the hag's body after her death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:13
  label: conditional servant seeking burial
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: The Red-Haired Man asks to serve Finn and requests burial on Inis Caol if
    he dies.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:14
  label: reluctant companions
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: The Fianna are not inclined to go to Inis Caol to bury the Red-Haired Man.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:15
  label: corpse-bearing guide animal
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: Finn places the body on the old white horse, lets it take its own way, and
    follows it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: burning logs as watch measure
  literal_form: Three equal parts of a tree trunk are set on fire, one for each watch,
    and each man watches while his wood burns.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: great inexhaustible cup
  literal_form: A single cup from which every man can drink his fill of whatever drink
    he wants.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: wonderful knife of division
  literal_form: A small knife that yields slices of the best meat in the world when
    used to cut on a bone.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: bone yielding meat
  literal_form: A bare bone that produces slices of meat when cut with the wonderful
    knife.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: monstrous one-sided hag
  literal_form: An old hag with one leg, one arm, and one long upper tooth used like
    a crutch.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: Narrow Island burial place
  literal_form: Inis Caol, the Narrow Island, requested as the Red-Haired Man's burial
    place.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: rejuvenating old white horse
  literal_form: An old white horse turned loose on the hills that has grown younger
    rather than older and bears the corpse.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:12
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Three strange servants and the night watches
  summary: Finn accepts Dubh, Dun, and Glasan into service and sets them to keep three
    night watches timed by burning logs.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Dubh recovers the cup
  summary: Dubh and Bran reach a lit house where strange men drink from a cup said
    to be Finn's stolen property; Dubh takes the cup and returns as his log burns
    out.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Dun recovers the knife
  summary: Dun and Bran enter a house of fighting men where an old man presents the
    knife of division; Dun takes the knife and returns as his log burns out.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Glasan and the hag among the dead bodies
  summary: Glasan hides among corpses, observes a corpse-eating hag, kills her, and
    then fights the young men who emerge from her body while one escapes.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Finn's morning judgment
  summary: Finn receives the cup and knife, hears the watchers' stories, praises Dubh
    and Dun, and warns that the escaped young man may bring trouble.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: The Red-Haired Man's service and death
  summary: After twenty-one years the Red-Haired Man asks to serve Finn for twenty-one
    years with burial on Inis Caol as his only condition; he serves twenty years,
    withers, and dies in the twenty-first.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:7
  label: Finn keeps the burial promise
  summary: Although the Fianna are reluctant, Finn keeps his word by placing the corpse
    on a rejuvenating old white horse and following it with twelve men toward Inis
    Caol.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Threefold night watch with tests
  taxonomy_refs:
  - initiation
  basis: Three new servants keep successive night watches, each encountering a dangerous
    or wondrous scene before returning as his log burns out.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents the watches as service tasks rather than explicitly
    as initiation.
- id: motif:2
  label: Recovery or taking of stolen wonder-objects
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_theft
  basis: The cup and knife are both identified as objects taken from Finn a hundred
    years earlier and are taken back by Dubh and Dun.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy term is approximate; the passage frames the acts as recovery
    from possessors of stolen goods, not as theft from a sacred source.
- id: motif:3
  label: Inexhaustible food and drink vessels
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The cup gives each drinker whatever drink he desires, and the knife and bone
    produce the best meat in the world.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly names this provisioning-object
    motif.
- id: motif:4
  label: Monstrous devourer whose death releases hidden youths
  taxonomy_refs:
  - death_rebirth
  basis: A corpse-eating hag is killed, after which three young men leap from her
    body.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: low
  cautions: The passage does not state that the young men are reborn, rescued, or
    transformed; only their emergence is explicit.
- id: motif:5
  label: Delayed consequence after escaped antagonist
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Finn warns that the escaped young man may bring trouble, and the next episode
    begins after twenty-one years with a mysterious Red-Haired Man entering Finn's
    service.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: low
  cautions: The passage excerpt does not explicitly identify the Red-Haired Man with
    the escaped young man or state the nature of the trouble.
- id: motif:6
  label: Vow-bound burial journey to an island
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  basis: Finn keeps a promise to bury the Red-Haired Man on Inis Caol and follows
    a horse carrying the corpse toward the island.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy reference is broad; the passage gives only the
    beginning of the burial journey.
- id: motif:7
  label: Rejuvenating animal guide or bearer
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The old white horse has grown younger rather than older and is allowed to
    choose the way while carrying the corpse.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not yet explain the horse's nature or destination beyond
    its role in bearing the body.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 6714-6726
  quote_or_summary: Finn hunts near Teamhair; three strange men named Dubh, Dun, and
    Glasan seek service; Finn assigns them three watches timed by burning parts of
    a tree trunk.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 6727-6746
  quote_or_summary: Dubh and Bran follow a bright light to a large house where strange
    men drink from a cup said to have been taken from Finn a hundred years earlier
    and able to provide each man his desired drink; Dubh takes it and returns as his
    log burns out.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 6747-6764
  quote_or_summary: Dun and Bran enter a house of fighting men; an old man displays
    the wonderful knife stolen from Finn a hundred years earlier, which produces the
    best meat when cutting a bone; Dun takes the knife and returns as his log burns
    out.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 6765-6785
  quote_or_summary: Glasan finds a house full of dead bodies, hides among them, sees
    a one-legged, one-armed, one-toothed hag eat from the bodies, kills her, and then
    three young men leap from her body; two are killed and one escapes.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 6786-6793
  quote_or_summary: In the morning Finn receives the cup and knife, praises Dubh and
    Dun, and tells Glasan that leaving the hag alone might have been better because
    the escaped third young man may bring trouble.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 6794-6808
  quote_or_summary: After twenty-one years, the Red-Haired Man seeks Finn as master
    for twenty-one years, asking only burial on Inis Caol if he dies; he serves twenty
    years, withers in the twenty-first, and dies.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 6809-6821
  quote_or_summary: The Fianna are reluctant to bury the Red-Haired Man on Inis Caol,
    but Finn says he will not break his word, places the body on an old white horse
    that has grown younger on the hills, and follows it with twelve Fianna.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is well supported by the passage. Motif labels are cautious,
    especially where the taxonomy only approximately fits the narrative material.
    No comparison claims are made because the passage itself does not support external
    comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata; all quotations avoided in favor of summaries.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg__l6714-l6821
  passage_sha256=25cc2425e4952855620e5ce65d59f09e3e1ca876de1436e95f52fa7cdf7804df