Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg-l13697-l13784

batch.motif.celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg-l13697-l13784

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg-l13697-l13784
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
passage_locator:
  label: 'CHAPTER II. MEARGACH''S WIFE / CHAPTER III. AILNE''S REVENGE / BOOK NINE:
    THE WEARING AWAY OF THE FIANNA. / CHAPTER I. THE QUARREL WITH THE SONS OF MORNA;
    lines 13697-13784'
  start: '13697'
  end: '13784'
  translation: Gods and Fighting Men
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage opens with Finn questioning Black Garraidh about how Cumhal,
    Finn's father, was killed by the sons of Morna. Garraidh recounts exile, return,
    and the killing of Cumhal. Later, at a feast in Almhuin, poets are honored, silence
    is commanded by iron and silver chains, and Goll receives a gold tribute from
    Lochlann. Finn challenges Goll's right to that rent, and Goll explains it as stemming
    from his conflicts with Cumhal and as distinct from Finn's protective tribute.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Finn asks Black Garraidh how Garraidh and the sons of Morna brought Cumhal
    to his death.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Garraidh says his own hand and the hands of the sons of Morna ended Cumhal's
    life.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Garraidh recounts that Cumhal had scattered the sons of Morna to Alban, Lochlann,
    and Greece for sixteen years.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Garraidh says the sons of Morna returned to Ireland, killed many men, surrounded
    a red-walled house in Munster, and wounded Cumhal with spears.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: At a feast in Almhuin, serving-men pour strong drink into decorated drinking-horns
    for the champions.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: A crier shakes an iron chain to silence common people and a silver chain to
    silence high lords, chief men, and learned men.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Fergus sings poems of Finn's forefathers and is rewarded by Finn, Oisin, and
    Lugaidh's Son; he then recites deeds of Goll's forefathers to the sons of Morna.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Goll's woman-messenger lays before him a heavy load of pure gold as hand-tribute
    from the men of Lochlann.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Finn questions Goll's separate rent from Lochlann, saying Finn already has
    his own rent and guard there.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: Goll explains that he placed the rent on the men of Lochlann after killing
    Cumhal in battle, and distinguishes Finn's tribute as payment for protection by
    the Fianna.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Finn
  description: Leader present at the quarrel and feast; son of Cumhal; challenges
    Goll's rent from Lochlann.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Black Garraidh
  description: A son of Morna who recounts his part in Cumhal's death.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Cumhal
  description: Finn's father, killed in conflict with the sons of Morna.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: sons of Morna
  description: A kin-group of warriors who fought Cumhal, were exiled, returned, and
    were later present at the feast.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Goll son of Morna
  description: A leading figure among the sons of Morna; receives gold tribute from
    Lochlann and explains his claim to it.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Fergus of the True Lips
  description: A poet who sings genealogical and heroic poems before Finn and Goll.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: woman-messenger of Goll
  description: Messenger who brings Goll's hand-tribute from the men of Lochlann.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: men of Lochlann
  description: People from whom Goll receives hand-tribute and on whom Finn also claims
    a rent connected with protection.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Caoilte
  description: Sits beside Finn when the quarrel about Cumhal's death begins.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Oisin
  description: One of those who rewards Fergus after the poem about Finn's forefathers.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Lugaidh's Son
  description: One of those who rewards Fergus after the poem about Finn's forefathers.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Ciaran son of Latharne
  description: Finn says this man and ten hundred of his household guard Finn's rent
    and hunting right in Lochlann.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: chieftain and host
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Finn questions Garraidh, later gives a feast at Almhuin, and challenges Goll's
    rent.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: role:2
  label: son seeking account of father's death
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Finn asks how Garraidh brought Cumhal to death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: confessor of killing
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Garraidh states that his hand and the hands of the sons of Morna made an
    end of Cumhal.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: slain father and former opponent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Cumhal is described as Finn's father and as the man killed by the sons of
    Morna after earlier conflicts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
- id: role:5
  label: rival warrior kin-group
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The sons of Morna are named as the group that killed Cumhal and later appear
    as honored listeners at the feast.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: tribute-holder
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Goll receives a load of gold as hand-tribute from Lochlann and defends his
    right to the rent.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:7
  label: generous patron of poets and learned people
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Goll gives Fergus a reward and is described as giving gold, silver, or good
    things to poets, harp-players, and learned people.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: praise poet
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Fergus sings poems of forefathers and recites fights, destructions, cattle-drivings,
    and courtships.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:9
  label: tribute messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The woman-messenger says she has brought Goll's hand-tribute and lays gold
    before him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: tribute-payers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The men of Lochlann are named as the source of Goll's hand-tribute and as
    subject to Finn's protective tribute.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:11
  label: rewarder of poet
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  basis: Oisin and Lugaidh's Son reward Fergus along with Finn.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:12
  label: guardian of rent and hunting right
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: Finn says Ciaran and ten hundred men guard Finn's rent and right of hunting.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: spears wound Cumhal
  literal_form: spears used by each attacker to wound Cumhal's body
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: decorated drinking-horns
  literal_form: drinking-horns worked by skilled men and set with shining stones
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: iron and silver chains for silence
  literal_form: a rough iron chain and an old silver chain shaken by the crier
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: gold hand-tribute
  literal_form: a load of pure gold, the size of a good pig
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: red-walled house in Munster
  literal_form: one house in Munster of the red walls where Cumhal is attacked
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Finn confronts Garraidh about Cumhal
  summary: While some of the Fianna are away hunting, Finn asks Black Garraidh how
    Cumhal was killed, and Garraidh admits the sons of Morna were responsible.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Garraidh recounts exile, return, and killing
  summary: Garraidh describes Cumhal's earlier banishment of the sons of Morna, their
    sixteen years away from Ireland, their violent return, and the spear-wounding
    of Cumhal in a red-walled house.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Feast at Almhuin
  summary: Finn hosts a feast where strong drink is poured into ornate horns, a crier
    imposes silence with chains, and Fergus recites ancestral poems for Finn and Goll.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Goll receives tribute and Finn challenges it
  summary: Goll's messenger brings gold tribute from Lochlann; Finn questions Goll's
    right to a rent there, and Goll explains the origin and nature of the tribute.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Inherited feud reopened by account of father's death
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Finn's question to Garraidh about Cumhal's death leads Garraidh to describe
    the sons of Morna's role in killing Finn's father.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents the feud through dialogue and recollection; it does
    not narrate immediate revenge by Finn in this excerpt.
- id: motif:2
  label: Exiled warrior band returns to exact violence
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - return
  basis: Garraidh says the sons of Morna were banished abroad for sixteen years and,
    on returning to Ireland, killed many men and attacked Cumhal.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy labels are broad; the passage describes exile and return
    as part of a feud rather than a full quest-cycle.
- id: motif:3
  label: Feast structured by rank, praise poetry, and reward
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: At the feast, drink is distributed, ranked silence is imposed by different
    chains, Fergus recites ancestral poems, and leaders reward him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The exchange is social and ceremonial; the passage does not explicitly
    call it sacred.
- id: motif:4
  label: Tribute claim contested between rival leaders
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Goll receives gold tribute from Lochlann, Finn questions the overlapping
    rent, and Goll explains the origin and protective character of the obligations.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage frames this as rent, hand-tribute, and protection; sacred
    exchange is only a broad taxonomy fit.
- id: motif:5
  label: Generous warrior patron rewards poets and learned people
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Goll rewards Fergus from the gold and is said to give gold, silver, or good
    things to poets, harp-players, and learned people.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is an explicit social motif rather than a supernatural or cosmological
    one.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13697-13711
  quote_or_summary: Finn asks Garraidh how he brought Cumhal to death; Garraidh says
    his own hand and the hands of the sons of Morna made an end of him, and challenges
    Finn to avenge it if he wishes.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13712-13734
  quote_or_summary: Garraidh recounts Cumhal's banishment of the sons of Morna to
    several countries for sixteen years, their return to Ireland, killings, surrounding
    a red-walled house in Munster, and each man wounding Cumhal with a spear; Garraidh
    says he gave the first wound.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13738-13747
  quote_or_summary: Finn gives a feast at Almhuin; serving-men bring decorated drinking-horns
    with shining stones and pour strong drink, after which mirth, courage, gentleness,
    and poetic knowledge arise among different groups.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13748-13753
  quote_or_summary: A crier shakes a rough iron chain to silence clowns, common lads,
    and idlers, then a chain of old silver to silence high lords, chief men, and learned
    men.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13754-13762
  quote_or_summary: Fergus of the True Lips sings poems of Finn's forefathers and
    is rewarded by Finn, Oisin, and Lugaidh's Son; he then recites deeds of Goll's
    fathers, pleasing the sons of Morna.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13763-13773
  quote_or_summary: Goll asks for his woman-messenger; she says she has brought his
    hand-tribute from Lochlann and lays down a heavy pig-sized load of pure gold;
    Goll rewards Fergus and is described as generous to poets, harp-players, and learned
    people.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13774-13779
  quote_or_summary: Finn asks how long Goll has had this rent on Lochlann while Finn's
    own rent and hunting right there are guarded by Ciaran son of Latharne and his
    household.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13780-13784
  quote_or_summary: Goll replies that he has had the rent since conflicts involving
    Cumhal and the King of Ireland forced him abroad; he recounts conquests and expulsions,
    says Cumhal fell by him in battle, and explains Finn's tribute as payment for
    Fianna protection rather than the same rent.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage is explicit about feud, feast, poetic reward, and tribute. Motif
    taxonomy alignment is cautious because the available motif families are broad
    and not all fit the social-political material closely. No comparison claims were
    made because the passage itself does not support an external comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. Taxonomy references were included only where the broad available families seemed directly supportable by passage content; otherwise arrays were left empty.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg__l13697-l13784
  passage_sha256=038df2505f89fb61ccb662e37126b651abd53542a45a06f362d3d8eb4749cd47