Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg-l1361-l1459

batch.motif.celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg-l1361-l1459

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg-l1361-l1459
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
passage_locator:
  label: 'CHAPTER II. THE REIGN OF BRES / BOOK TWO: LUGH OF THE LONG HAND. / CHAPTER
    I. THE COMING OF LUGH / CHAPTER II. THE SONS OF TUIREANN; lines 1361-1459'
  start: '1361'
  end: '1459'
  translation: Gods and Fighting Men
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Lugh learns that the Fomor have landed and plundered Bodb Dearg's country,
    asks Nuada and then his own kin for help, and sends Cian, Cu, and Ceithen to gather
    support. Cian encounters the hostile sons of Tuireann, changes himself into a
    pig with a Druid rod, is detected by Brian, hunted with transformed hounds, restored
    to human form, and killed with stones. The earth repeatedly rejects his buried
    body before finally keeping it on the seventh burial. Lugh travels westward toward
    the Fomor camp and their spoils.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Lugh is at Teamhair when he is told that the Fomor have landed at Eas Dara
    and spoiled Bodb Dearg's country.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Lugh asks Nuada for help against the Fomor, but Nuada is unwilling because
    the destruction was done to Bodb Dearg and not to himself.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Cian, Cu, and Ceithen greet Lugh and offer to keep off a hundred enemies each;
    Lugh instead asks them to gather the Riders of the Sidhe to him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Cu and Ceithen go south, while Cian goes north to the Plain of Muirthemne.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Cian encounters three armed sons of Tuireann, whose family is in hatred and
    enmity with the sons of Cainte.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Seeing that his brothers are not with him, Cian strikes himself with a Druid
    rod and takes the shape of a pig in a herd.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Brian recognizes that the armed man has become one of the pigs and says he
    is no friend to them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Brian strikes his two brothers with a Druid rod and turns them into two thin,
    fast hounds to track the enchanted pig.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The enchanted pig separates from the herd, runs toward a wood, and is pierced
    by Brian's spear at the wood's edge.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The wounded pig speaks, identifies himself as Cian son of Cainte, and asks
    for protection.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: Brian refuses protection and says that even if life returned seven times to
    Cian, he would take it every time.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: Cian asks to return to his own shape, and Brian agrees because he says it
    is easier to kill a man than a pig.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:13
  text: Cian says that being killed in human shape will bring a heavier fine than
    if he had been killed as a pig, and that the arms used will tell the deed to his
    son.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:14
  text: Brian says Cian will be killed not with weapons but with stones lying on the
    ground.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:15
  text: The sons of Tuireann pelt Cian with stones until he is reduced to a broken
    heap.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:16
  text: The sons of Tuireann bury Cian's body six times, and the earth casts it up
    each time; on the seventh burial, the earth keeps it.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:17
  text: After the killing, the sons of Tuireann go on to join Lugh for the battle.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:18
  text: Lugh travels westward through named places until he reaches the Great Plain
    of the Fair, where the Fomor are with the spoils of Connacht.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Lugh of the Long Hand
  description: A figure at Teamhair who seeks help against the Fomor and later travels
    westward toward them.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:9
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Nuada
  description: The king to whom Lugh reports the Fomor landing and from whom Lugh
    requests help.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: the Fomor
  description: A group said to have landed at Eas Dara, spoiled Bodb Dearg's country,
    and later to be at the Great Plain of the Fair with spoils.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:9
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Bodb Dearg
  description: The owner or ruler of the country said to have been spoiled by the
    Fomor.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Cian son of Cainte
  description: Lugh's father, brother of Cu and Ceithen, who changes into a pig, is
    hunted, returns to human shape, and is killed by the sons of Tuireann.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Cu
  description: A brother of Cian and Ceithen, one of the sons of Cainte, sent south
    after meeting Lugh.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Ceithen
  description: A brother of Cian and Cu, one of the sons of Cainte, sent south after
    meeting Lugh.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Brian
  description: One of the sons of Tuireann who detects Cian's transformation, transforms
    his brothers into hounds, wounds Cian, refuses him protection, and directs his
    killing with stones.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Brian's two brothers, sons of Tuireann
  description: The other two sons of Tuireann, changed by Brian into hounds and involved
    in the killing and burial of Cian.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Riders of the Sidhe
  description: A group Lugh asks Cian, Cu, and Ceithen to gather to him from every
    place where they are.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: war leader seeking aid
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Lugh asks for help to give battle to the Fomor and requests that the Riders
    of the Sidhe be gathered.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: father and son relation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  basis: Cian is identified as Lugh's father, and Cian says the deed will be told
    to his son.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: role:3
  label: reluctant king
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Nuada is king and is not minded to avenge the destruction done to Bodb Dearg.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: invading raiders
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The Fomor are said to have landed, spoiled Bodb Dearg's country, and held
    spoils.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:9
- id: role:5
  label: plundered party
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The Fomor are said to have spoiled Bodb Dearg's country.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: shape-changed fugitive
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Cian uses a Druid rod to take the shape of a pig and hide in a herd.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: murder victim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Cian is hunted, denied mercy, and killed with stones by the sons of Tuireann.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: dispatched helpers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  basis: Cu and Ceithen promise battle-help and then go south as Lugh asks for the
    Riders of the Sidhe to be gathered.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:9
  label: hostile pursuers and killers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: The sons of Tuireann are enemies of Cian's family, pursue him, and kill him
    with stones.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: role:10
  label: recognizer of enchantment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Brian identifies that the vanished armed man has become one of the pigs and
    distinguishes the enchanted beast.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:11
  label: hounds by transformation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Brian turns his two brothers into thin, fast hounds to track Cian in pig
    form.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:12
  label: summoned otherworld troop
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Lugh asks that the Riders of the Sidhe be gathered to him from every place
    where they are.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Manannan's horse Aonbharr
  literal_form: A named horse made ready by Lugh before he rides out of Teamhair.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Druid rod
  literal_form: A rod used by Cian to become a pig and by Brian to turn his brothers
    into hounds.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:3
  label: pig shape
  literal_form: The form Cian takes within a herd of pigs.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: hound shapes
  literal_form: Two thin, fast hounds into which Brian changes his brothers for tracking
    the enchanted pig.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: spear cast
  literal_form: Brian's spear cast that pierces Cian while Cian is in pig form.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: stones as killing instruments
  literal_form: Stones lying on the ground used to kill Cian instead of weapons.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: earth rejecting the murdered body
  literal_form: The earth casts up Cian's buried body six times before keeping it
    on the seventh burial.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Lugh seeks help against the Fomor
  summary: Lugh learns of the Fomor landing and plundering, asks Nuada for help, receives
    an unsatisfactory answer, and rides out of Teamhair.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Lugh sends his kin to gather support
  summary: Lugh meets Cian, Cu, and Ceithen; they offer battle support, and Lugh asks
    them to gather the Riders of the Sidhe.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Cian hides in pig form
  summary: Cian encounters the hostile sons of Tuireann, judges himself outnumbered,
    and changes himself into a pig among a herd.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Brian detects and hunts the transformed Cian
  summary: Brian recognizes the transformation, turns his brothers into hounds, and
    tracks the enchanted pig until it separates from the herd and is struck by his
    spear.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Cian is restored and killed
  summary: Cian identifies himself, requests protection and then mercy, returns to
    human shape, warns of the heavy fine, and is killed with stones.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: The earth rejects Cian's burial
  summary: The sons of Tuireann bury Cian's body repeatedly; the earth casts it up
    six times and keeps it only on the seventh burial.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:7
  label: Lugh reaches the Fomor's location
  summary: Lugh continues westward through a sequence of named places to the Great
    Plain of the Fair, where the Fomor are with spoils.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: magical shapeshifting for concealment and pursuit
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: Cian uses a Druid rod to become a pig among a herd, and Brian uses a Druid
    rod to change his brothers into hounds to track him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents transformations as actions using Druid rods; it does
    not explain the broader nature or rules of the magic.
- id: motif:2
  label: hostile kin-groups and killing of a hero's father
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: Cian is Lugh's father, belongs to a family in enmity with the sons of Tuireann,
    and says that the killing will be made known to his son and require an exceptional
    fine.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage establishes the father-son relation and Cian's warning, but
    does not yet narrate Lugh's response or the payment of the fine.
- id: motif:3
  label: earth refusing to receive a murdered body
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: After Cian is killed, the earth casts up his buried body six times and retains
    it only on the seventh burial.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage describes an anomalous reaction by the earth but does not
    explicitly call it a divine judgment.
- id: motif:4
  label: speech from animal form revealing human identity
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: After the pig is speared, it cries out, speaks with a man's voice, and identifies
    itself as Cian son of Cainte.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is part of the same transformation sequence as motif:1, not necessarily
    a separate independent motif.
- id: motif:5
  label: attempt to evade prophetic disclosure by changing the murder weapon
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Cian says the arms used to kill him will tell the deed to his son, and Brian
    responds that he will be killed with stones rather than weapons.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not state whether the use of stones succeeds or fails
    in concealing the deed.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1361-1376
  quote_or_summary: Lugh at Teamhair learns that the Fomor have landed at Eas Dara
    and spoiled Bodb Dearg's country; he asks Nuada for help, but Nuada is unwilling,
    and Lugh rides westward after making ready Aonbharr.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1376-1388
  quote_or_summary: Lugh meets Cian, Cu, and Ceithen, who offer to keep off a hundred
    enemies each; Lugh asks instead that they gather the Riders of the Sidhe to him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1389-1399
  quote_or_summary: Cu and Ceithen go south, Cian goes north to the Plain of Muirthemne,
    and he sees the three armed sons of Tuireann; the sons of Tuireann and sons of
    Cainte are said to be in hatred and enmity.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1400-1406
  quote_or_summary: Cian, lacking his two brothers, decides to fall back; seeing a
    herd of pigs, he strikes himself with a Druid rod and takes the shape of a pig
    rooting among the herd.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1407-1424
  quote_or_summary: Brian says the vanished armed man has become one of the pigs and
    is no friend to them; he then strikes his two brothers with a Druid rod and turns
    them into two thin, fast hounds to track the enchanted pig.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1425-1439
  quote_or_summary: The pig separates from the herd, runs toward a wood, and Brian's
    spear pierces it; the pig speaks, identifies itself as Cian son of Cainte, asks
    for protection, and is allowed to return to human shape before being killed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1440-1449
  quote_or_summary: Cian asks for mercy, says killing him in human shape will bring
    an exceptionally heavy fine, and says the arms used will tell the deed to his
    son; Brian answers that stones, not weapons, will kill him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:8
  type: quote
  locator: lines 1450-1458
  quote_or_summary: The sons of Tuireann stone Cian, bury him, and "the earth would
    not receive that murder" until the seventh burial.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation from supplied passage.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1458-1459 and following passage end
  quote_or_summary: The sons of Tuireann go on to join Lugh; Lugh travels westward
    through named places to the Great Plain of the Fair, where the Fomor are with
    the spoils of Connacht.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/gods-and-fighting-men-gregory.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The main narrative actions and figures are explicit in the supplied passage.
    Motif labels are limited to the available taxonomy where directly supported; broader
    implications of Cian's death and fine require later context not included here.
    No external comparison claims were made.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. Comparison claims are empty because the passage does not itself establish a comparison with another text or tradition.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-irish-gods-and-fighting-men-gregory-gutenberg__l1361-l1459
  passage_sha256=8b22537cff4f1ee21b0a00e12a069f9830e1d2548fdef10f0c81e9ea769d2992