Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.buddhist-old-india-tales-rouse-gutenberg-l2521-l2635

batch.motif.buddhist-old-india-tales-rouse-gutenberg-l2521-l2635

---
record_id: batch.motif.buddhist-old-india-tales-rouse-gutenberg-l2521-l2635
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/giant-crab-old-india-tales-rouse.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE LION AND THE BOAR / THE GOBLIN CITY / LACKNOSE / THE KING'S LESSON; lines
    2521-2635
  start: '2521'
  end: '2635'
  translation: The Giant Crab, and Other Tales from Old India
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: He conquers wrath by mildness, the bad with goodness sways, / By gifts the
    miser vanquishes and lies with truth repays.
  summary: King Godfrey, praised as a just and good ruler, disguises himself to learn
    whether people criticize him behind his back. On a narrow road he meets another
    disguised king in a carriage. Their drivers compare the kings and find them equal
    in age, wealth, territory, population, and ancestry, then compare their virtues
    in verse. The other king yields when Godfrey’s driver describes a superior ethic
    of overcoming wrath, badness, miserliness, and lies with mildness, goodness, gifts,
    and truth. Godfrey gives advice, and both kings return home and rule well.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: King Godfrey holds courts of justice and decides cases so wisely that people
    stop bringing unjust causes and eventually have no quarrels.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: King Godfrey asks people to tell him his faults, but people in the palace
    and city give him praise and no blame.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: King Godfrey dresses like a traveller and drives through the country asking
    what people think of the king.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: A second king from the next country has also travelled in disguise to learn
    what people think of him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The two royal carriages meet in a narrow lane between steep banks, with only
    room for one carriage, and neither carriage initially gives way.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The drivers compare the two kings and find them equal in age, wealth, kingdom
    size, population, and ancestral renown.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The other king’s driver praises his master as rough to the rough, mild to
    the mild, good to the good, and bad to the bad.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: King Godfrey’s driver praises his master as conquering wrath by mildness,
    the bad by goodness, the miser by gifts, and lies by truth.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: The other driver acknowledges that Godfrey’s king is better, and the other
    king’s carriage is moved aside so Godfrey may pass.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:10
  text: King Godfrey gives the other king advice; both kings return home and rule
    well until death.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: King Godfrey
  description: A very good king who holds wise courts of justice, seeks knowledge
    of his faults, travels in disguise, and is praised for overcoming wrong with virtue.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: King Godfrey's coachman
  description: The driver who reveals he carries a king, compares the two kings, and
    recites Godfrey’s virtues in verse.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: King of the next country
  description: A neighboring king, also good and also travelling in disguise to hear
    people’s opinions; he yields after the comparison of virtues.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Other king's driver
  description: The driver of the second carriage who demands passage, announces he
    also carries a king, recites his master’s virtues, and then concedes Godfrey’s
    superiority.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: wise judge-king
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Godfrey decides quarrels so wisely that unjust cases cease and the courts
    become empty.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: disguised reputation-seeker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  basis: Both kings travel in disguise to learn what people say or think about them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:3
  label: morally superior ruler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Godfrey is praised for answering wrath, badness, miserliness, and lies with
    mildness, goodness, gifts, and truth; the other side concedes superiority.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: royal spokesman-driver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  basis: Each driver speaks on behalf of the king in his carriage during the blocked-road
    dispute.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:5
  label: neighboring rival king
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The neighboring king’s carriage meets Godfrey’s in the narrow lane, creating
    the comparison and yielding scene.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: role:6
  label: conceding evaluator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The other driver says he cannot match Godfrey’s driver’s verse and admits
    Godfrey’s master is better.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: traveller disguise
  literal_form: King dressed like a traveller while asking people what they thought
    of the king
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: narrow lane
  literal_form: A narrow lane sunk between two steep banks with room for only one
    carriage
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: opposed carriages
  literal_form: Two carriages meeting face to face in the narrow lane, neither initially
    moving aside
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: virtue verses
  literal_form: Poetic speeches by the drivers comparing the kings’ ways of ruling
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Empty courts after wise judgments
  summary: King Godfrey’s wise decisions make unjust lawsuits disappear and leave
    the courts empty.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Search for faults and disguise
  summary: Godfrey asks for criticism, receives only praise, then disguises himself
    as a traveller and questions people across the country.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Two disguised kings meet in a narrow lane
  summary: Godfrey’s carriage and the neighboring king’s carriage meet in a narrow
    sunken lane where neither can pass unless one yields.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Comparison of equal kings
  summary: The drivers try to establish precedence by age, wealth, kingdom size, population,
    and ancestry, but the two kings prove equal in each respect.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Virtue contest in verse
  summary: The other driver praises reciprocal treatment, while Godfrey’s driver praises
    answering wrongdoing with positive virtues.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:6
  label: Yielding and lesson
  summary: The other side concedes Godfrey’s superiority, moves its carriage aside,
    receives advice from Godfrey, and both kings return home to rule well.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: king in disguise tests public reputation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Godfrey disguises himself as a traveller after direct requests for criticism
    produce only praise; the neighboring king has undertaken the same kind of disguised
    inquiry.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The available taxonomy has only broad motif-family labels; the specific
    disguised-ruler pattern is not separately listed.
- id: motif:2
  label: narrow-road precedence contest resolved by virtue
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Two royal carriages are blocked in a narrow lane; worldly measures of precedence
    are equal, so the drivers compare moral qualities and the morally superior king
    is allowed to pass.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames the event as a moral lesson rather than as a formal
    ordeal or divine judgment.
- id: motif:3
  label: overcoming wrongdoing with opposing virtues
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Godfrey’s virtues are stated as conquering wrath by mildness, badness by
    goodness, miserliness by gifts, and lies by truth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is expressed as ethical instruction within the tale; no broader doctrinal
    classification is asserted from the passage alone.
- id: motif:4
  label: ruler instructed by moral comparison
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The neighboring king yields after hearing Godfrey’s virtues and later receives
    advice, after which both kings rule well.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The specific content of Godfrey’s advice is not given.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2521-2531
  quote_or_summary: Godfrey is described as a truly good king who holds courts of
    justice and decides cases so wisely that unjust cases cease and the courts become
    empty.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/giant-crab-old-india-tales-rouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2532-2542
  quote_or_summary: Godfrey wonders whether he is as good as people say and asks people
    in palace and city to tell him his faults, but receives only praise.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/giant-crab-old-india-tales-rouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2543-2551
  quote_or_summary: Godfrey disguises himself as a traveller, takes a carriage and
    pair, and asks people throughout the country what they think of the king; they
    speak well of him behind his back too.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/giant-crab-old-india-tales-rouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2552-2570
  quote_or_summary: In a narrow lane sunk between steep banks, Godfrey’s carriage
    meets another carriage carrying the king of the next country, who is also travelling
    in disguise to learn public opinion; neither carriage gives way at first.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/giant-crab-old-india-tales-rouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2571-2584
  quote_or_summary: The coachmen compare the two kings by age, wealth, kingdom size,
    population, and ancestral glory, but the kings are alike in all those respects.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/giant-crab-old-india-tales-rouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: lines 2585-2600
  quote_or_summary: The other driver’s verse says his king is “Rough to the rough,”
    mild to the mild, masters the good by goodness, and pays the bad with badness.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/giant-crab-old-india-tales-rouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:7
  type: quote
  locator: lines 2601-2612
  quote_or_summary: 'Godfrey’s driver says: “He conquers wrath by mildness, the bad
    with goodness sways, / By gifts the miser vanquishes and lies with truth repays.”'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/giant-crab-old-india-tales-rouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2613-2635
  quote_or_summary: The other driver admits Godfrey’s master is better; the other
    king gets out, the horses are loosened, and the carriage is pulled up the slope.
    Godfrey gives advice, both kings say goodbye, return home, and rule well until
    death.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/giant-crab-old-india-tales-rouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage is clear for literal extraction and internal motif candidates.
    Taxonomy assignment is limited to the broad available family “wisdom.” No external
    comparison claims are made because the passage alone does not support historical
    or cross-textual comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Extraction uses only the provided passage and metadata; comparison_claims left empty by rule.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:buddhist-old-india-tales-rouse-gutenberg__l2521-l2635
  passage_sha256=f3c74c2622df6123d909a9658904c319eb9454a7a1b2679e69aed61344824f13