Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l9393-l9504

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l9393-l9504

---
record_id: batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l9393-l9504
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
passage_locator:
  label: END OF THE STORY OF CHULLAKA THE TREASURER. / END OF THE STORY OF THE MEASURE
    OF RICE. / END OF THE STORY ABOUT TRUE DIVINITY. / END OF THE STORY ON A HAPPY
    LIFE.; lines 9393-9504
  start: '9393'
  end: '9504'
  translation: Buddhist birth stories; or, Jataka tales, Volume 1
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A wealthy merchant's daughter in Rājagaha desires ordination but is refused
    by her parents. After marriage, she rejects festive bodily adornment by describing
    the body as impermanent and destined for decay. Her husband permits her to become
    a nun. Later, while unknowingly pregnant from before ordination, she is accused
    by Devadatta's nuns. Devadatta orders her expulsion without inquiry. She appeals
    to the Buddha at Jetavana. The Buddha convenes a public hearing with royal and
    lay witnesses, and Upāli instructs Visākhā to determine whether conception occurred
    before or after ordination.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The merchant's daughter is described as virtuous, disinterested in household
    life, and desirous of taking vows according to the Buddha's teaching.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Her parents refuse her request for ordination because she is their only daughter
    and belongs to a wealthy family.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: After she marries, she conceives without knowing it.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: During a city feast, she does not adorn herself and wears everyday clothes.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: She explains to her husband that the body is impure, impermanent, destined
    for death, and like a sepulchre if adorned.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Her husband gives permission for her ordination and takes her to the nunnery
    with a retinue.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: The nuns notice signs of pregnancy after she has become far gone with child.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: Devadatta orders her expulsion without inquiry because he fears disgrace.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: The young nun says she entered religious life under the Buddha, not under
    Devadatta, and asks to be taken to the Master at Jetavana.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: The Buddha decides the case should be heard publicly in the presence of the
    king, ministers, and distinguished disciples.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: Upāli directs Visākhā to determine the date of ordination and whether conception
    happened before or after that date.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Merchant's daughter / young nun / mother of Kumāra Kassapa
  description: A wealthy merchant's daughter of Rājagaha who seeks ordination, marries,
    conceives unknowingly, becomes a nun, and is later investigated regarding her
    pregnancy.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Parents of the merchant's daughter
  description: Parents who refuse their only daughter's request to take vows.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Husband of the merchant's daughter
  description: The young nobleman who asks why she does not adorn herself and then
    grants permission for her ordination.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Nuns on Devadatta's side
  description: Nuns who receive the woman into the Order, notice her pregnancy, question
    her, and bring the case to Devadatta.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Devadatta
  description: An elder associated with a group of nuns who orders the pregnant nun
    expelled without inquiry.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: The Buddha / the Master / the Teacher
  description: The authority at Jetavana to whom the young nun appeals and who arranges
    a public hearing of the case.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Pasenadi, king of Kosala
  description: The king summoned to be present when the case is heard.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Upāli the Elder
  description: The elder instructed by the Buddha to examine the affair in the presence
    of the church.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Lady Visākhā
  description: An influential disciple asked by Upāli to investigate the timing of
    ordination and conception.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Anātha Piṇḍika the Elder and Anātha Piṇḍika the Younger
  description: Distinguished persons summoned to the public hearing.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: renunciation-seeker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: She repeatedly desires to leave household life and take the vows.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: accused pregnant nun
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: After ordination, pregnancy is noticed and her status becomes the subject
    of inquiry.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:11
- id: role:3
  label: family obstructors of ordination
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: They refuse their daughter's request to be ordained.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: permission-giving spouse
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: He grants leave for ordination and takes her to the nunnery.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: reporting religious community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: They observe the pregnancy and ask Devadatta what to do.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:6
  label: hasty judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: He orders expulsion without inquiry because of fear of disgrace.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:7
  label: appellant to higher authority
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: She asks to be taken to the Buddha after Devadatta's decision.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:8
  label: supreme adjudicating teacher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The Buddha decides that the case should be heard publicly and appoints Upāli
    to examine it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: role:9
  label: public witness
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  - fig:10
  basis: They are summoned to attend the hearing of the case.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:10
  label: appointed examiner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Upāli is instructed to examine the affair before the assembly.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:11
  label: fact-finding investigator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Visākhā is directed to determine the dates needed to judge the case.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: vows / ordination
  literal_form: Taking vows and entering the Order of Nuns
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: sym:2
  label: unadorned body at festival
  literal_form: Everyday clothes and refusal of adornment during a city feast
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:3
  label: body as decaying receptacle
  literal_form: Speech describing the body as filled with constituent parts, disease,
    decay, death, worms, and a charnel-house destiny
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: pregnancy in the Order
  literal_form: Child in the womb after the woman has become a nun
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: sym:5
  label: public hearing
  literal_form: Assembly with king, ministers, disciples, and church present for examination
    of the case
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: sym:6
  label: journey to Jetavana
  literal_form: Travel over forty-five leagues from Rājagaha to Jetavana
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Desire for ordination blocked by parents
  summary: The merchant's daughter asks to take vows, but her parents refuse because
    she is their only daughter in a wealthy family.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Festival refusal and teaching on the body
  summary: During a city feast, the woman remains unadorned and explains to her husband
    that ornamenting the impermanent body is pointless.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:3
  label: Ordination with husband's permission
  summary: Her husband grants permission, gives a donation, and has her admitted into
    the Order of Nuns among those connected with Devadatta.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Pregnancy accusation and Devadatta's expulsion order
  summary: The nuns notice her pregnancy and ask Devadatta what to do; he orders expulsion
    without investigating.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:5
  label: Appeal to the Buddha at Jetavana
  summary: The young nun appeals from Devadatta to the Buddha and is taken from Rājagaha
    to Jetavana.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:6
  label: Public inquiry arranged
  summary: The Buddha summons royal and lay witnesses, appoints Upāli to examine the
    matter, and Upāli assigns Visākhā to determine whether conception preceded ordination.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Renunciation from household life
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: The central figure repeatedly seeks to leave household life, first against
    parental refusal and later through her husband's permission.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage concerns Buddhist ordination rather than a mythic journey
    in the broader sense; taxonomy alignment with departure is general.
- id: motif:2
  label: Insight into bodily impurity and impermanence
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The woman rejects bodily adornment and gives an extended reflection on the
    body's decay, disease, death, and charnel-ground destiny.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is doctrinal reflection within a narrative frame, not an explicit
    comparative symbol system.
- id: motif:3
  label: False or premature condemnation corrected by proper inquiry
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Devadatta expels the nun without inquiry, while the Buddha arranges a public
    fact-finding process to determine the timing of conception.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage excerpt ends before the final result of the inquiry is narrated.
- id: motif:4
  label: Appeal from lesser authority to supreme teacher
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The young nun rejects Devadatta's authority as final and asks to be taken
    to the Buddha, under whom she says she entered religious life.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The motif is based on a single appeal scene within a larger story.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9393-9405
  quote_or_summary: The Master tells of the mother of Kumāra Kassapa; she is a wealthy
    merchant's daughter of Rājagaha, virtuous, disinterested in lay life, and desirous
    of vows leading to Nirvāna.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9406-9415
  quote_or_summary: She asks her parents to let her be ordained; they refuse, saying
    the family is wealthy and she is their only daughter.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9416-9421
  quote_or_summary: She later marries into another family, lives as a virtuous woman,
    and conceives without knowing it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9422-9428
  quote_or_summary: During a city feast, she does not anoint or dress herself for
    the celebration; her husband asks why she does not adorn herself.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9429-9448
  quote_or_summary: She describes the body as made of constituent parts, born in corruption,
    subject to impermanence, disease, death, and the charnel-house, and compares adornment
    to painting a sepulchre.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9449-9458
  quote_or_summary: Her husband says that if she thinks the body sinful she should
    become a nun; he grants leave, makes a costly donation, and has her admitted among
    the nuns connected with Devadatta.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9459-9469
  quote_or_summary: As she becomes far gone with child, the nuns notice bodily changes
    and ask her about pregnancy; she says she does not know how it is but has kept
    the vows.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9470-9480
  quote_or_summary: The nuns bring the case to Devadatta; fearing disgrace and making
    no inquiry, he orders that the woman be expelled from the Order.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9481-9490
  quote_or_summary: The young nun says Devadatta is not the Buddha and asks the nuns
    to take her to the Master at Jetavana; they travel the forty-five leagues from
    Rājagaha and present the matter to him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9491-9499
  quote_or_summary: The Buddha reasons that public talk must be prevented and summons
    King Pasenadi, Anātha Piṇḍika the Elder and Younger, Visākhā, and other distinguished
    persons for the hearing.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9500-9504
  quote_or_summary: In the assembled church, the Buddha instructs Upāli to examine
    the affair; Upāli asks Visākhā to determine the ordination date and whether conception
    occurred before or after it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The narrative sequence and figures are explicit. Motif labels are conservative
    and based on the provided passage only. No comparison claims are made because
    the passage itself does not support cross-text comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No available symbol taxonomy terms were directly supported by this passage.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg__l9393-l9504
  passage_sha256=e4a019a66c2dba430a62af9ebf75b1890f08ca8be27102e1bbeb99cd3e4cd935