Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l5655-l5757

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l5655-l5757

---
record_id: batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l5655-l5757
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
passage_locator:
  label: TABLE VII. / THE BODISATS. / TABLE VIII. / THE DISTANT EPOCH.; lines 5655-5757
  start: '5655'
  end: '5757'
  translation: Buddhist birth stories; or, Jataka tales, Volume 1
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage describes Siddhattha’s royal luxury, public doubts about his
    training, his display of archery skill, his chariot outings, the divine presentation
    of the four Omens, the king’s attempts to keep him in pleasure, and Sakka’s command
    that Vissakamma adorn him before the Great Renunciation.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The rāja pays homage to his son and calls it the second homage paid to him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The Bodisat grows to manhood in royal luxury, with three seasonal mansions,
    many dancing girls, self-playing musical instruments, and Rāhula’s mother as principal
    queen.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The Bodisat’s clansmen say publicly that he is devoted to pleasure and learns
    nothing.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The Bodisat announces a public display of skill and then shows unsurpassed
    twelvefold archery skill before his relatives.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The Bodisat orders his charioteer to harness a decorated chariot with four
    white Sindhi horses and goes toward the garden.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Angels decide that Siddhattha’s time for Enlightenment is near and arrange
    for him to see Omens.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: A son of the gods represents an aged man with decayed teeth, grey hair, bent
    body, and a stick; only the Bodisat and charioteer can see him.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: After the old-age sight, the Bodisat questions the charioteer, condemns life
    because all living beings decay, and returns to the palace with an agitated heart.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: The king responds to the old-age sight by ordering concerts and plays and
    by increasing guards around the Bodisat.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: On later outings the Bodisat sees a sick man and a dead man represented by
    the gods, questions as before, and returns agitated to the palace each time.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: The king repeats his earlier response after the sickness and death sights,
    increasing the guarded perimeter each time.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: The Bodisat sees a person who has abandoned the world, and the charioteer,
    inspired by the gods, identifies him as a mendicant friar and describes renunciation.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:13
  text: After the mendicant sight, the Bodisat cherishes the thought of renouncing
    the world and continues to the pleasure ground.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:14
  text: The passage notes that repeaters of the Dīgha Nikāya say the Bodisat saw all
    four Omens on the same day.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:15
  text: At the pleasure ground the Bodisat bathes in a beautiful lake and sits at
    sunset to be robed while attendants bring robes, ornaments, garlands, perfumes,
    and ointments.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:16
  text: Sakka’s throne becomes warm; he recognizes the time for Siddhattha’s adornment
    and sends Vissakamma to adorn him with heavenly array before the midnight Great
    Renunciation.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Bodisat / Siddhattha / future Buddha
  description: Royal son who grows up in luxury, displays archery skill, sees the
    Omens, and prepares for the Great Renunciation.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: rāja / king
  description: The Bodisat’s father, who pays homage to his son, provides royal luxuries,
    questions him about his training, and tries to prevent renunciation by pleasures
    and guards.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: mother of Rāhula
  description: Named as the Bodisat’s principal queen.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: clansmen / relations
  description: Public assembly members who say Siddhattha is devoted to pleasure and
    later cease doubting after his display of skill.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: charioteer
  description: Harnesses the chariot, accompanies the Bodisat, answers questions about
    the sights, and identifies the mendicant while inspired by the gods.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: angels / gods
  description: Divine beings who decide to show Siddhattha the Omens and represent
    the old, sick, and dead figures.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: son of the gods representing an aged man
  description: Divine actor made to appear as a man wasted by age, with decayed teeth,
    grey hair, bent body, and a stick.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: represented sick man
  description: A sick man represented by the gods and seen by the Bodisat on an outing.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: represented dead man
  description: A dead man represented by the gods and seen by the Bodisat on an outing.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: one who had abandoned the world / mendicant friar
  description: Carefully and decently clad figure identified by the charioteer as
    a mendicant friar.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Sakka
  description: Divine figure whose throne becomes warm and who sends Vissakamma to
    adorn Siddhattha.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Vissakamma
  description: Figure addressed by Sakka and sent to adorn Siddhattha with heavenly
    array.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: attendants
  description: Attendants who bring robes, ornaments, garlands, perfumes, and ointments
    at the pleasure ground.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: future Buddha approaching Enlightenment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The angels say the time for young Siddhattha to attain Enlightenment is near.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: renunciation-bound royal youth
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He sees the Omens, cherishes the thought of renouncing the world, and is
    expected to carry out the Great Renunciation at midnight.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: role:3
  label: royal father and pleasure-guardian
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He calls the Bodisat his son, provides pleasures, and increases guards to
    prevent forsaking the world.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: principal queen
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The passage says the mother of Rāhula was his principal queen.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: public critics and witnesses
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: They criticize Siddhattha’s pleasure-devotion and later no longer doubt after
    his skill display.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: chariot attendant and interpreter of sights
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: He harnesses the chariot and answers or identifies the figures seen by the
    Bodisat.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: role:7
  label: divine agents of the Omens
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: The angels and gods arrange and represent the forms seen as Omens.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: embodied mortality signs
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: The old, sick, and dead figures confront the Bodisat with decay, illness,
    and death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:9
  label: renunciant exemplar
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The figure has abandoned the world and is identified as a mendicant friar
    whose state prompts thought of renunciation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:10
  label: divine adornment sponsors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  basis: Sakka sends Vissakamma to adorn Siddhattha with heavenly array.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:11
  label: royal dressing attendants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: They bring robes, ornaments, garlands, perfumes, and ointments.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: three seasonal mansions
  literal_form: one mansion nine stories high, one seven stories high, and one five
    stories high, suitable for the three seasons
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: royal pleasures
  literal_form: forty thousand dancing girls and musical instruments which played
    of themselves
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: bow skill
  literal_form: twelvefold skill and mastery of the bow
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: decorated chariot and four white horses
  literal_form: gloriously beautiful chariot with four state horses of the Sindhi
    breed, white as white lotus leaves
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: old-age Omen
  literal_form: aged man with decayed teeth, grey hair, bent and broken body, and
    a stick
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: sickness Omen
  literal_form: sick man represented by the gods
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: death Omen
  literal_form: dead man represented by the gods
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:8
  label: renunciant Omen
  literal_form: one who had abandoned the world, carefully and decently clad, identified
    as a mendicant friar
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:9
  label: beautiful lake
  literal_form: beautiful lake at the pleasure ground where the Bodisat bathes
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:10
  label: warm throne of Sakka
  literal_form: Sakka’s throne becomes warm
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: sym:11
  label: heavenly array
  literal_form: heavenly adornment to be put on Siddhattha before the Great Renunciation
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Royal luxury and public challenge
  summary: The Bodisat lives in seasonal mansions with royal pleasures; his clansmen
    criticize his lack of learning, and he answers by displaying unsurpassed archery
    skill.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:2
  label: First chariot outing and old-age Omen
  summary: The Bodisat rides toward the garden in a decorated chariot, and divine
    beings show him an aged man; he questions the charioteer and returns troubled
    to the palace.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:3
  label: Royal attempts to prevent renunciation
  summary: After the old-age, sickness, and death sights, the king orders pleasures
    and expands guards to keep the Bodisat from forsaking the world.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:4
  label: Renunciant Omen
  summary: The Bodisat sees one who has abandoned the world; the charioteer, inspired
    by the gods, identifies him as a mendicant and describes the advantages of renunciation.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:5
  label: Pleasure ground and divine adornment before the Great Renunciation
  summary: A Dīgha Nikāya variant is noted; at the pleasure ground the Bodisat bathes,
    attendants prepare adornments, and Sakka sends Vissakamma to dress him in heavenly
    array before midnight.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  - sym:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Pleasure palace before renunciation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: The Bodisat is surrounded by mansions, dancing girls, music, and royal enjoyment,
    while the king later intensifies pleasures to keep him from forsaking the world.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents this as a narrative prelude to renunciation rather
    than as a separately named motif.
- id: motif:2
  label: Four Omens prompting world-renunciation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  - departure
  basis: Divine beings show the Bodisat old age, sickness, death, and a mendicant;
    these sights agitate him and lead him to cherish renunciation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The exact sequencing varies within the passage because a Dīgha Nikāya
    version is also reported.
- id: motif:3
  label: Superlative royal skill demonstration
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: In response to criticism that he learns nothing, the Bodisat publicly displays
    twelvefold archery skill and removes his clansmen’s doubts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not explicitly connect this display to the later renunciation
    sequence, beyond narrative placement.
- id: motif:4
  label: Divine signal and adornment before Great Renunciation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Sakka’s throne becomes warm, he perceives the time of Siddhattha’s adornment,
    and he sends Vissakamma to prepare him before the midnight Great Renunciation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives the signal and command but does not narrate the actual
    departure in this excerpt.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: 'The passage itself records an internal variant: the preceding narration
    presents the Omens across repeated outings, while the Dīgha Nikāya repeaters say
    all four Omens were seen on the same day.'
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Dīgha Nikāya account of the four Omens
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This comparison is limited to the variant note contained in the passage
    and does not verify the Dīgha Nikāya account independently.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5655-5657
  quote_or_summary: The rāja hurries to see a miracle, pays homage to his son, and
    calls it the second homage paid to him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5658-5667
  quote_or_summary: The Bodisat grows to manhood; the king provides three seasonal
    mansions, forty thousand dancing girls, self-playing instruments, and Rāhula’s
    mother is principal queen.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5668-5678
  quote_or_summary: Clansmen publicly say Siddhattha is devoted to pleasure and learns
    nothing; the king asks him what he will do about this.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5679-5688
  quote_or_summary: The Bodisat says no art is necessary for him to learn, calls for
    a public skill display, and shows unsurpassed twelvefold archery skill before
    his kindred.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5689-5697
  quote_or_summary: The Bodisat orders the charioteer to harness the chariot; it is
    adorned and drawn by four white Sindhi horses, and the Bodisat goes toward the
    garden.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5698-5705
  quote_or_summary: Angels decide Siddhattha’s Enlightenment is near and show Omens
    by making a son of the gods represent an aged man visible only to the Bodisat
    and charioteer.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5706-5721
  quote_or_summary: The Bodisat asks about the aged man, laments the decay of living
    beings, returns agitated, and the king orders entertainments and guards to prevent
    renunciation.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5722-5736
  quote_or_summary: On later outings the Bodisat sees a sick man and then a dead man
    represented by the gods; each time he returns agitated, and the king repeats and
    increases guarding measures.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5737-5748
  quote_or_summary: The Bodisat sees one who has abandoned the world; the charioteer,
    inspired by the gods, calls him a mendicant friar and describes renunciation,
    which the Bodisat begins to cherish.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5749-5757
  quote_or_summary: The passage says Dīgha Nikāya repeaters place all four Omens on
    the same day; the Bodisat then enjoys the pleasure ground, bathes in a beautiful
    lake, and attendants bring adornments.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5758-5767
  quote_or_summary: Sakka’s throne becomes warm; he recognizes the time for Siddhattha’s
    final splendid adornment before the midnight Great Renunciation and sends Vissakamma
    to adorn him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief summary used; locator extends to the final
    sentence included in the supplied passage.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Extraction relies only on the supplied passage. Motif labels are candidates
    and should be reviewed, especially where broad taxonomy labels such as departure
    and wisdom are applied.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  The supplied passage text extends beyond the stated end line 5757 for the Sakka and Vissakamma sentence; evidence ev:11 notes this locator issue.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg__l5655-l5757
  passage_sha256=feb35fe1184f620e091b74f101cf7e1bbd0e4cd351cd85d1e3a0ca8361dc92e1