Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l4692-l4781

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l4692-l4781

---
record_id: batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l4692-l4781
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
passage_locator:
  label: TABLE VII. / THE BODISATS. / TABLE VIII. / THE DISTANT EPOCH.; lines 4692-4781
  start: '4692'
  end: '4781'
  translation: Buddhist birth stories; or, Jataka tales, Volume 1
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage lists former Buddhas Sujāta, Piyadassin, Atthadassin, Dhammadassin,
    and Siddhattha, their assemblies, family and disciples, Bo-trees, bodily measurements,
    and lifespans. In each episode the Bodisat appears in a prior identity, makes
    a significant religious offering or act, and receives a prophecy of future Buddhahood.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Under Sujāta, the Bodisat is a universal monarch who hears that a Buddha has
    been born, hears the Law, gives the Order his four-continent kingdom with its
    seven treasures, takes vows, and receives prophecy.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Sujāta is associated with a great Bambu-tree as his Bo-tree, described as
    having unusual hollows and wood and brilliant upper branches.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Under Piyadassin, the Bodisat is a young brahman named Kassapa who has learned
    the three Vedas, hears the Law, builds a costly monastery, stands firm in the
    Refuges and Precepts, and receives a prophecy of Buddhahood after eighteen hundred
    kalpas.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Under Atthadassin, the Bodisat is the ascetic Susima, who brings from heaven
    a sunshade of Mandārava flowers, offers it to the Teacher, and receives prophecy.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Under Dhammadassin, the Bodisat is Sakka, king of the gods, and offers sweet-smelling
    heavenly flowers and heavenly music before receiving prophecy.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Under Siddhattha, the Bodisat is the ascetic Mangala, who brings a great jambu
    fruit to the Tathāgata; after eating it, the Teacher prophesies the Bodisat's
    future Buddhahood ninety-four kalpas later.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage repeatedly gives each Buddha three assemblies of saints or disciples,
    with very large numbers of monks present.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Several verses describe Buddhas as leaders who dispel darkness or bring darkness
    to an end.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Bodisat
  description: 'The Bodisat appears in successive prior identities: a universal monarch,
    Kassapa the young brahman, Susima the ascetic, Sakka king of the gods, and Mangala
    the ascetic.'
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Sujāta
  description: A Teacher and Blessed One with three assemblies, a city named Sumangala,
    and the great Bambu-tree as his Bo-tree.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Piyadassin
  description: A Buddha and Teacher with three assemblies, a city named Anoma, and
    the Priyaŋgu-tree as his Bo-tree.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Atthadassin
  description: A Teacher and Buddha with three assemblies, a city named Sobhita, the
    Champaka as his Bo-tree, and bodily glory extending over a league.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Dhammadassin
  description: A Teacher and Buddha with three assemblies, a city named Saraṇa, and
    the red Kuravaka-tree as his Bo-tree.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Siddhattha
  description: A Buddha and Tathāgata with three assemblies, a city named Vebhāra,
    and the Kanikāra-tree as his Bo-tree.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Order and assemblies of monks
  description: The passage repeatedly mentions assemblies of saints or monks and gifts
    made to the Order with the Buddha at their head.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Buddha or Teacher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  basis: Each named figure is called a Teacher, Buddha, Blessed One, Tathāgata, or
    Leader in the passage.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: Devotional donor in a prior life
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: In each episode the Bodisat makes an offering, builds a monastery, gives
    a kingdom, or otherwise performs a religious act before a Buddha.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: Prophecy-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  basis: Each named Teacher or Buddha prophesies to the Bodisat.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: Recipient of future-Buddha prophecy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The Bodisat receives prophecies of future Buddhahood from the named Buddhas.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: Monastic recipient or assembly
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Assemblies of monks are counted, and the Order receives gifts in the Sujāta
    and Piyadassin episodes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Great Bambu Bo-tree
  literal_form: Great Bambu-tree associated with Sujāta as his Bo-tree
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Priyaŋgu Bo-tree
  literal_form: Priyaŋgu-tree associated with Piyadassin as his Bo-tree
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: Champaka Bo-tree
  literal_form: Champaka tree associated with Atthadassin as his Bo-tree
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: Red Kuravaka Bo-tree
  literal_form: Red Kuravaka-tree, also called Bimbijāla, associated with Dhammadassin
    as his Bo-tree
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: Kanikāra Bo-tree
  literal_form: Kanikāra-tree associated with Siddhattha as his Bo-tree
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: Kingdom of four continents and seven treasures
  literal_form: The Bodisat's universal-monarch kingdom of the four continents with
    its seven treasures, given to the Order
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:7
  label: Sunshade of Mandārava flowers
  literal_form: A sunshade of Mandārava flowers brought from heaven and offered to
    Atthadassin
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:8
  label: Heavenly flowers and music
  literal_form: Sweet-smelling flowers from heaven and heavenly music offered by Sakka
    to Dhammadassin
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:9
  label: Great jambu fruit
  literal_form: A great jambu fruit brought by Mangala and presented to Siddhattha
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Bodisat before Sujāta
  summary: The Bodisat, as a universal monarch, hears the Law from Sujāta, gives his
    kingdom and seven treasures to the Order, takes vows, and receives prophecy.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Bodisat before Piyadassin
  summary: The Bodisat, as the brahman Kassapa, hears Piyadassin's preaching, builds
    a monastery, follows the Refuges and Precepts, and is told that he will become
    a Buddha after eighteen hundred kalpas.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Bodisat before Atthadassin
  summary: The Bodisat, as the ascetic Susima, brings a heavenly sunshade of Mandārava
    flowers and offers it to Atthadassin, who prophesies to him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Bodisat before Dhammadassin
  summary: The Bodisat, as Sakka king of the gods, offers heavenly flowers and music
    to Dhammadassin and receives prophecy.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Bodisat before Siddhattha
  summary: The Bodisat, as the ascetic Mangala, presents a great jambu fruit to Siddhattha;
    after eating the fruit, Siddhattha prophesies the Bodisat's future Buddhahood.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Prior-life offering followed by prophecy of future Buddhahood
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  - wisdom
  basis: Across multiple episodes, the Bodisat performs a devotional act before a
    Buddha or the Order and receives a prophecy of future Buddhahood.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is an internal repeated pattern in the passage; no external comparison
    is asserted.
- id: motif:2
  label: Buddha associated with a named Bo-tree
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_tree_axis
  basis: 'Each listed Buddha is paired with a specific Bo-tree: Bambu, Priyaŋgu, Champaka,
    Kuravaka, or Kanikāra.'
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage identifies sacred Bo-trees but does not explicitly describe
    them as a world-axis.
- id: motif:3
  label: Royal renunciation through gift of sovereignty
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - royal_legitimacy
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The Bodisat as universal monarch gives his kingdom and seven treasures to
    the Order and takes vows under Sujāta.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Only one episode in this passage uses the royal-monarch form.
- id: motif:4
  label: Heavenly offering to an enlightened teacher
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The Bodisat brings a flower sunshade from heaven for Atthadassin and, as
    Sakka, offers heavenly flowers and music to Dhammadassin.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage states heavenly origin of gifts but gives limited narrative
    development.
- id: motif:5
  label: Wisdom or enlightenment as dispelling darkness
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Verses describe Atthadassin and Dhammadassin as dispelling thick darkness
    and Siddhattha as rising like the sun and ending darkness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This motif is based on poetic description within the passage.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4692-4715
  quote_or_summary: Sujāta has three assemblies; the Bodisat as universal monarch
    hears the Law, gives his kingdom with seven treasures to the Order, takes vows,
    and receives prophecy. Sujāta's city, family, disciples, Bambu Bo-tree, body height,
    and lifespan are listed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4716-4735
  quote_or_summary: Piyadassin appears after eighteen hundred world-cycles; the Bodisat
    as Kassapa hears the Law, builds a monastery, keeps the Refuges and Precepts,
    and receives a prophecy after eighteen hundred kalpas. Piyadassin's Priyaŋgu Bo-tree
    and other attributes are listed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4736-4750
  quote_or_summary: Atthadassin has three assemblies; the Bodisat as the ascetic Susima
    brings from heaven a sunshade of Mandārava flowers and offers it to the Teacher,
    who prophesies to him. Atthadassin's Champaka Bo-tree and bodily glory are listed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4751-4765
  quote_or_summary: Dhammadassin has three assemblies; the Bodisat as Sakka king of
    the gods offers sweet-smelling heavenly flowers and heavenly music, and the Teacher
    prophesies to him. Dhammadassin's red Kuravaka Bo-tree is listed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4766-4781
  quote_or_summary: Siddhattha appears ninety-four world-cycles ago; the Bodisat as
    the ascetic Mangala brings a great jambu fruit to the Tathāgata. After eating
    it, the Teacher prophesies Buddhahood ninety-four kalpas later. Siddhattha's Kanikāra
    Bo-tree is listed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4749-4781
  quote_or_summary: Verse descriptions say Atthadassin dispelled thick darkness and
    attained enlightenment, Dhammadassin dispelled thick darkness and illumined earth
    and heaven, and Siddhattha rose like the sun, ending darkness.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage is formulaic and supports extraction of repeated internal patterns.
    Taxonomy mapping is cautious, especially for sacred_tree_axis, because the passage
    names Bo-trees without elaborating an axis function.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not compare these episodes to other traditions or corpora.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg__l4692-l4781
  passage_sha256=738639c9cb2a197845a9f9f913f0e38610c39f82b7377da7126b090abb912995