Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l3350-l3445

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l3350-l3445

---
record_id: batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l3350-l3445
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
passage_locator:
  label: TABLE VII. / THE BODISATS. / TABLE VIII. / THE DISTANT EPOCH.; lines 3350-3445
  start: '3350'
  end: '3445'
  translation: Buddhist birth stories; or, Jataka tales, Volume 1
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The hermit Sumedha adopts ascetic practices, leaves hut-life for the tree-foot,
    rejects cultivated grain, and attains supernatural faculties. Dīpankara Buddha
    appears in the world with cosmic signs, though Sumedha does not perceive them
    while absorbed in meditation. Dīpankara comes to Ramma with many saints; the townspeople
    worship him, invite him, prepare offerings, decorate the town, and repair the
    road for his arrival. Sumedha travels through the air, descends to ask why the
    road is being adorned, learns that it is for Dīpankara Buddha, asks to help, receives
    a swampy section, and chooses to fill it manually rather than by supernatural
    power.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Sumedha builds a cloister, changes clothing from a cloak to bark raiment,
    leaves a hut, and goes to the foot of a tree.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Sumedha rejects sown and planted grain and eats constant fruits of the earth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Sumedha strives while sitting, standing, and walking, and attains the strength
    or might of supernatural faculties within seven days.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: At Dīpankara Buddha’s conception, birth, Buddhahood, and first preaching,
    the universe of ten thousand worlds trembles, shakes, quakes, gives a mighty sound,
    and thirty-two prognostics appear.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Sumedha, absorbed in the bliss of the Attainments, neither hears the sound
    nor sees the signs accompanying Dīpankara’s appearance.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Dīpankara Buddha comes to the city of Ramma with a hundred thousand saints
    and resides at the great monastery of Sudassana.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The dwellers of Ramma bring medicinal requisites, clothing, perfumes, garlands,
    and other offerings, worship Dīpankara, hear his preaching, and invite him for
    the next day.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The townspeople prepare almsgiving, decorate the town, repair and level the
    road, scatter sand, sprinkle fragrant roots and flowers, raise flags and banners,
    and set up banana arches and brimming jars.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Sumedha leaves his hermitage, travels through the air, descends after seeing
    the joyful multitude, and asks why the road is being cleared.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: After learning the road is being prepared for Dīpankara Buddha, Sumedha asks
    for a portion of ground to clear; he receives a swampy spot and decides to do
    the work manually rather than by supernatural power.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Sumedha
  description: A hermit who practices austerities, attains supernatural knowledge
    or faculties, travels through the air, and volunteers to clear road-ground for
    Dīpankara Buddha.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Dīpankara Buddha
  description: The Buddha called Dīpankara, described as lord of ascetics, supreme
    Buddha, Teacher, and chief of the universe, whose appearance is accompanied by
    cosmic signs.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Hundred thousand saints
  description: A large company of saints accompanying Dīpankara Buddha as he travels
    to Ramma.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Dwellers of Ramma
  description: The townspeople who bring offerings, worship Dīpankara Buddha, invite
    him, and prepare and adorn the road for his arrival.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: ascetic practitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Sumedha builds a cloister, wears bark raiment, rejects grain, practices strenuous
    postures, and attains supernatural faculties.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: Buddha and teacher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Dīpankara is named as Buddha, Teacher, lord of ascetics, and preacher of
    the Law.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: saintly retinue
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The passage says Dīpankara is accompanied by a hundred thousand saints.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: voluntary road worker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Sumedha asks for ground to clear and chooses menial labor rather than using
    supernatural power.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:5
  label: devotees and preparers of the Buddha’s road
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The people worship Dīpankara, offer gifts, invite him, and clear and decorate
    the road for his coming.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: tree-foot
  literal_form: tree-foot
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: bark raiment
  literal_form: raiment of bark
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: cosmic trembling
  literal_form: the universe of ten thousand worlds trembling, shaking, quaking, and
    giving a mighty sound
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: offerings
  literal_form: ghee, butter, medicinal requisites, clothes, raiment, perfumes, garlands,
    and other offerings
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: adorned road
  literal_form: repaired and decorated road with sand, fragrant roots, flowers, flags,
    banners, banana arches, and brimming jars
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: sym:6
  label: air travel
  literal_form: departing or proceeding through the air and descending from the air
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: swampy ground
  literal_form: a swampy piece of ground assigned to Sumedha for preparation
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Sumedha’s ascetic transition and attainment
  summary: Sumedha adopts bark raiment, leaves the hut for the tree-foot, rejects
    cultivated grain, practices strenuously, and attains supernatural faculties.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Dīpankara’s appearance with cosmic signs
  summary: Dīpankara appears in the world, and major events of his career are accompanied
    by universal trembling, sound, and prognostics; Sumedha does not perceive them
    because he is absorbed in meditative attainment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Ramma’s worship and preparation
  summary: Dīpankara arrives at Ramma with saints; the townspeople worship him, invite
    him, prepare almsgiving, adorn the town, and repair the road for his arrival.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Sumedha’s aerial arrival and question
  summary: Sumedha leaves his hermitage, travels through the air, sees the joyful
    crowd, descends, and asks why the road is being cleared.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Sumedha receives and works the swampy ground
  summary: After hearing that the road is for Dīpankara Buddha, Sumedha asks to help,
    receives a swampy section from the townspeople, and decides to perform the work
    by menial labor rather than supernatural power.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: ascetic renunciation and attainment of supernatural faculties
  taxonomy_refs:
  - initiation
  - wisdom
  basis: Sumedha leaves ordinary shelter for tree-foot asceticism, rejects cultivated
    food, practices strenuously, and attains supernatural faculties.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy labels are broad; the passage describes ascetic discipline
    and attainment but does not explicitly frame the episode as an initiation rite.
- id: motif:2
  label: Buddha’s appearance marked by cosmic signs
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Dīpankara’s conception, birth, Buddhahood, and first preaching are accompanied
    by universal trembling, sound, and thirty-two prognostics.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No narrower supplied taxonomy reference directly matches cosmic portents
    in this passage.
- id: motif:3
  label: devotional offering and preparation for a sacred visitor
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The townspeople bring offerings, worship Dīpankara, invite him, prepare almsgiving,
    and decorate and repair the road for his arrival.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents offerings and hospitality; interpreting this as sacred
    exchange uses a broad taxonomy category.
- id: motif:4
  label: aerial movement of an accomplished ascetic
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ascent
  basis: Sumedha departs through the air, proceeds above the people, and descends
    to question them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage includes flight and descent rather than an explicit symbolic
    ascent narrative.
- id: motif:5
  label: voluntary humble labor despite supernatural power
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Sumedha believes he could prepare the ground by supernatural power but chooses
    menial duties and begins fetching earth for the swampy spot.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference directly matches this humility-and-service
    pattern.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 3350-3360
  quote_or_summary: Sumedha says he built a cloister, put on bark raiment, left the
    hut, and went to the tree-foot.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3362-3369
  quote_or_summary: Sumedha rejects sown and planted grain, eats fruits of the earth,
    strives while sitting, standing, and walking, and attains the might of the Faculties
    within seven days.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3371-3387
  quote_or_summary: Dīpankara appears; at conception, birth, Buddhahood, and first
    preaching, the ten-thousand-world universe trembles and signs appear, but Sumedha,
    absorbed in meditative bliss, does not hear or see them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3389-3393
  quote_or_summary: Dīpankara Buddha, accompanied by a hundred thousand saints, reaches
    Ramma and resides in the great monastery of Sudassana.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3393-3404
  quote_or_summary: The dwellers of Ramma hear of Dīpankara’s arrival, bring requisites
    and offerings, worship him, hear his preaching, invite him for the next day, and
    depart.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3404-3413
  quote_or_summary: The next day the townspeople prepare almsgiving, decorate the
    town, repair and level the road, scatter silver-like sand, sprinkle fragrant roots
    and flowers, raise flags and banners, and set up banana arches and rows of brimming
    jars.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3413-3431
  quote_or_summary: Sumedha ascends from his hermitage, proceeds through the air,
    sees the joyful multitude, descends, and asks why the road is being cleared.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 3433-3445
  quote_or_summary: The people explain that the road is being prepared for Dīpankara
    Buddha; Sumedha asks to join the work, receives a swampy piece of ground, and
    chooses menial labor over using supernatural power.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is well supported by the supplied passage. Motif taxonomy
    assignments are broad and should be reviewed, especially where no exact supplied
    taxonomy label matches the passage pattern.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not support a specific cross-textual comparison.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg__l3350-l3445
  passage_sha256=dd24b9738e5803e0f227e12a6bdf9c6841df630726d1b046e658aed4456745dc