Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l2536-l2639

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l2536-l2639

---
record_id: batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l2536-l2639
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
passage_locator:
  label: TABLE I. / INDIAN WORKS. / TABLE II. / THE KALILAG AND DAMNAG LITERATURE.;
    lines 2536-2639
  start: '2536'
  end: '2639'
  translation: Buddhist birth stories; or, Jataka tales, Volume 1
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: THE KALILAG AND DAMNAG LITERATURE.
  summary: A bibliographic table lists versions and translations of the Kalilag and
    Damnag literature, beginning with a lost Northern Indian Buddhist work ascribed
    to Bidpai and tracing Pēlvī, Syriac, Arabic, Persian, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, Spanish,
    Italian, French, German, and English versions and adaptations.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage is a numbered bibliographic table headed as the Kalilag and Damnag
    literature.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The first listed item is a lost Buddhist work in a language of Northern India,
    ascribed to Bidpai.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: A Pēlvī version dated 531-579 A.D. is attributed to Barzūyē, described as
    court physician of Khosru Nushírvan.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: A Syriac version of the Pēlvī version is said, together with John of Capua's
    Latin Directorium, to preserve strong evidence for the contents of the Pēlvī text
    and its Buddhist original or originals.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: An Arabic Kalilah wā Dimnah is listed as a version of the Syriac text, made
    by Abd-allah, son of Almokaffa, around 750 A.D.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The table lists later translations and adaptations in multiple languages,
    including English, German, Greek, Latin, Persian, French, Italian, Hebrew, Spanish,
    and other European-language traditions.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: La Fontaine's Fables are listed with editions whose later books are said to
    draw from earlier listed works, including the Livre des Lumières and Contes et
    Nouvelles.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Bidpai
  description: Person to whom the lost Northern Indian Buddhist work is ascribed.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Barzūyē
  description: Court physician of Khosru Nushírvan and maker of the Pēlvī version
    dated 531-579 A.D.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Khosru Nushírvan
  description: Ruler named in relation to Barzūyē as his court physician's patron
    or court context.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Abd-allah, son of Almokaffa
  description: Translator or adaptor associated with the Arabic version of Kalilah
    wā Dimnah around 750 A.D.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: John of Capua
  description: Author of the Latin Directorium Humanæ Vitæ, a version of the Hebrew
    text written 1263-1278.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: La Fontaine
  description: Author of Fables whose later books are described as drawing on earlier
    listed works.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: ascribed author or source authority
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The lost Buddhist work is explicitly ascribed to Bidpai.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: translator or version maker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  basis: The passage names these figures in connection with making Pēlvī, Arabic,
    and Latin versions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:3
  label: court context figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Khosru Nushírvan is named as the court ruler associated with Barzūyē.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: textual witness to lost sources
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The Directorium associated with John of Capua is described as among the best
    evidence for the contents of the lost earlier books.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: later adapter of fable material
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: La Fontaine's later books are said to take subjects from earlier listed works.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
symbols: []
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Bibliographic transmission of Kalilag and Damnag literature
  summary: The passage lays out a sequence of textual versions from a lost Northern
    Indian Buddhist work through Pēlvī, Syriac, Arabic, and later Asian and European
    translations and adaptations.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: wisdom and fable literature transmission
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage concerns the Kalilag and Damnag/Bidpai fable tradition and includes
    titles such as a book of the wise, the Seven Wise Masters, and moral or didactic
    later versions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: low
  cautions: This passage is bibliographic rather than narrative; it does not present
    the contents of an individual fable or mythic episode.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The table presents the Kalilag and Damnag literature as a chain of historical
    textual transmission from a lost Northern Indian Buddhist work into Pēlvī, Syriac,
    Arabic, and later Asian and European versions.
  claim_level: historical_contact
  target: Kalilag and Damnag / Kalilah wā Dimnah textual tradition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage documents bibliographic relationships, not direct manuscript
    proof or narrative motif-by-motif comparison.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage explicitly identifies the Syriac version and John of Capua's
    Latin Directorium as especially important witnesses to the contents of earlier
    lost works.
  claim_level: historical_contact
  target: lost Buddhist and Pēlvī antecedents of Kalilag and Damnag
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The claim is limited to the table's statement about evidentiary value
    and does not reconstruct the lost texts' contents.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2536-2544; Table II items 1-2
  quote_or_summary: The table is headed 'The Kalilag and Damnag Literature'; it begins
    with a lost Northern Indian Buddhist work ascribed to Bidpai and a Pēlvī version
    dated 531-579 A.D. by Barzūyē, court physician of Khosru Nushírvan.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2545-2550; Table II item 3
  quote_or_summary: The Syriac Kalilag und Damnag is listed as a version of the Pēlvī
    text and, together with item 15, as preserving strong evidence for the Pēlvī contents
    and Buddhist original or originals.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2551-2558; Table II item 4
  quote_or_summary: Kalilah wā Dimnah is listed as an Arabic version of the Syriac
    text by Abd-allah, son of Almokaffa, dated about 750 A.D., with recensions and
    editions noted.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2559-2590; Table II items 5-15
  quote_or_summary: The table lists English, German, Greek, Latin, Persian, French,
    Italian, and Hebrew versions; John of Capua's Latin Directorium Humanæ Vitæ is
    said to be among the best evidence for the lost earlier books.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2591-2629; Table II items 16-27
  quote_or_summary: The table continues with German, Ulm dialect, Latin, Spanish,
    Italian, and English versions or adaptations, including works connected to Baldo,
    Don Juan Manuel, Bonaventure des Periers, Firenzuola, Doni, and North.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2630-2639; Table II item 28
  quote_or_summary: La Fontaine's Fables are listed; the first edition drew mostly
    on classical authors and Planudes's Aesop, while the later books of the second
    edition are said to be taken from items 12 and 23.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: low
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is a bibliography of textual transmission rather than a narrative
    myth passage. Literal bibliographic relationships are clear; motif extraction
    is necessarily limited.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No passage-level mythic symbols from the available symbol list are directly present. The only candidate motif is a cautious wisdom/fable-literature classification based on titles and bibliographic context.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg__l2536-l2639
  passage_sha256=41d4470997b398dec606d0a8d993f5a05e2049d71fcfa8bbdff0dafae0a76826