Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l14690-l15040

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l14690-l15040

---
record_id: batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l14690-l15040
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
passage_locator:
  label: END OF THE STORY OF THE BULL WHO WON THE BET. / END OF THE STORY OF THE WISE
    BIRD AND THE FOOLS. / END OF BOOK I. CHAPTER IV. / INDEX.; lines 14690-15040
  start: '14690'
  end: '15040'
  translation: Buddhist birth stories; or, Jataka tales, Volume 1
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: An index excerpt listing Pāli Buddhist texts, Jātaka titles and numbers,
    named figures, places, legendary episodes, ritual and moral topics, supernatural
    signs, comparative references, and selected symbols or story motifs from the volume.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage is formatted as an index, listing terms with page references and
    cross-references rather than narrating a single story.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: obs:2
  text: The index lists multiple Piṭaka and sutta titles as quoted or referred to
    in the volume.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The index includes many Jātaka titles with numbers, such as Puṇṇa-nadī Jātaka
    No. 214, Quails No. 33, Sakuṇa Jātaka No. 36, and Tittha Jātaka No. 25.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The index records the Great Renunciation and associated entries for its garb
    and power.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Sakka is indexed as serving the Buddha, placing the Buddha’s hair in a heavenly
    dāgaba, having a throne that feels hot, being born as the Bodisat, tempting a
    mortal, and giving presents.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The index records supernatural or distinctive bodily signs, including rays
    of light streaming from a Buddha, men without shadows being demons, and the thirty-two
    bodily signs of a Great Being.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: The index includes moral or ritual topics such as a solemn appeal made in
    truth, the folly of sacrifices, a shield of virtue, and righteousness as the Bodisat’s
    spell.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:11
- id: obs:8
  text: The index refers to Sujātā’s offering to the Buddha and to Sumedha as the
    Bodisat in the time of Dīpaŋkara.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: The index includes cross-cultural or comparative entries such as Planudes
    and Æsop, Sirens in Buddhist stories, Sinbad the Sailor, Slavonic tales, and Solomon’s
    Judgment.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: The index includes symbolic or story objects such as a seal-ring used as a
    pledge and a legend concerning sap of life.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Buddha / Siddhattha / Gotama
  description: Indexed as Siddhattha, the Buddha; associated entries include rays
    of light, Rāhula as Gotama’s son, Sakka serving the Buddha, the Buddha’s hair
    in a heavenly dāgaba, and Sujātā’s offering to the Buddha.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
  - ev:12
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Sakka
  description: Indexed as a divine figure who serves the Buddha, places the Buddha’s
    hair in a dāgaba in heaven, has a throne that feels hot, has former births, is
    born as the Bodisat, tempts a mortal, and gives presents.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Rāhu
  description: Indexed as a head without a body.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Rāhula
  description: Indexed as Gotama’s son.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Sujātā
  description: Indexed in relation to a legend of her offering to the Buddha.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Sumedha
  description: Indexed as the Bodisat in the time of Dīpaŋkara.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Supaṇṇas
  description: Indexed as winged creatures.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Titans
  description: Indexed as warring against the gods.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Gods
  description: Indexed as the opposing side in a war with the Titans.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Buddha figure with sacred signs and received offerings
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The index links the Buddha with rays of light, Sujātā’s offering, and Sakka’s
    service.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: role:2
  label: Divine servant of the Buddha
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Sakka is indexed as serving the Buddha and placing the Buddha’s hair in a
    heavenly dāgaba.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:3
  label: Tempter of a mortal
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The index states that Sakka tempts a mortal.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: Disembodied supernatural figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Rāhu is indexed as a head without a body.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: role:5
  label: Son of Gotama
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Rāhula is indexed as Gotama’s son.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: role:6
  label: Offering donor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Sujātā is indexed in a legend of her offering to the Buddha.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:7
  label: Bodisat in a previous era
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Sumedha is indexed as the Bodisat in the time of Dīpaŋkara.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: Winged creatures
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The entry identifies Supaṇṇas as winged creatures.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:9
  label: Mythic combatants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: The index states that Titans war against the gods.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Rājāyatana-tree
  literal_form: tree
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:2
  label: Snakes / Nāga and Mucalinda cross-reference
  literal_form: snakes
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:3
  label: Rays of light from a Buddha
  literal_form: rays of light
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: Shadowless demons
  literal_form: men without shadow
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: Thirty-two bodily signs of a Great Being
  literal_form: bodily signs
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: Seal-ring as pledge
  literal_form: seal-ring
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:7
  label: Sap of life
  literal_form: sap
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: Sakka’s hot throne
  literal_form: throne feeling hot
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:9
  label: Heavenly dāgaba containing Buddha’s hair
  literal_form: dāgaba in heaven
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:13
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Great Renunciation index reference
  summary: The index points to the Great Renunciation and notes associated topics
    of garb and power.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:2
  label: Sakka and the Buddha index references
  summary: The index refers to Sakka serving the Buddha and placing the Buddha’s hair
    in a dāgaba in heaven.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Sujātā’s offering index reference
  summary: The index refers to a legend of Sujātā making an offering to the Buddha.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:4
  label: Titans war against gods index reference
  summary: The index records an episode or topic in which Titans war against the gods.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Great renunciation as departure from ordinary life
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: The index explicitly lists the Great Renunciation, along with garb of renunciation
    and power of renunciation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage is an index entry and does not narrate the renunciation episode.
- id: motif:2
  label: Divine assistance and testing by Sakka
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: Sakka is indexed as serving the Buddha and also tempting a mortal.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: low
  cautions: The index gives roles and page references but no story context; the taxonomy
    match is tentative.
- id: motif:3
  label: Sacrifice criticized as folly
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: The index includes the entry 'Sacrifices, folly of'.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not give the argument or narrative in which sacrifice
    is criticized.
- id: motif:4
  label: Truth-act or solemn appeal by truth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The index defines Saccakiriyā as a solemn appeal made in truth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: low
  cautions: The taxonomy link to wisdom is broad; the passage provides no episode
    of the truth-act being performed.
- id: motif:5
  label: Sacred or supernatural bodily signs of a Great Being
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_birth
  basis: The index records rays of light from a Buddha and the thirty-two bodily signs
    of a Great Being.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  confidence: low
  cautions: The passage gives indexed topics only; it does not specify a birth narrative
    in this excerpt.
- id: motif:6
  label: Serpent-associated Buddhist story references
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: The index directs readers from snakes to Nāga and Mucalinda.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: low
  cautions: Only a cross-reference appears in this passage; no serpent episode is
    described.
- id: motif:7
  label: Relic placed in heaven
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ascent
  basis: The index states that Sakka places the Buddha’s hair in a dāgaba in heaven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:13
  confidence: low
  cautions: The passage does not describe the relic transfer in narrative detail;
    the ascent classification is inferred from the heavenly location.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The index signals a comparison or reference involving Solomon’s Judgment
    within the volume.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Solomon’s Judgment
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: The passage provides only an index heading and page references, with
    no details of the Buddhist story or the comparison.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The index signals that Siren-like material is discussed in relation to Buddhist
    stories.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Sirens in Buddhist stories
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: The passage gives only the index phrase and does not describe the Siren-like
    episode or its function.
- id: claim:3
  claim: The index shows that the volume contains broad comparative references to
    Æsop, Sinbad, Slavonic tales, and other non-Buddhist literary materials.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Comparative literary references in the index
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: The passage does not state a specific shared motif for these references;
    it only lists them as indexed items.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14690-14708
  quote_or_summary: The passage begins with a heading for Piṭakas quoted or referred
    to and lists works such as Apadānaŋ, Pabbajjā Sutta, Dhammapada, Jātaka, Sutta
    Nipāta, and others.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14720-15040
  quote_or_summary: The index lists numerous Jātaka titles and numbers, including
    Puṇṇa-nadī Jātaka No. 214, Quails No. 33, Sakuṇa Jātaka No. 36, Sālaka Jātaka
    No. 249, and Tittha Jātaka No. 25.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 14742-14748
  quote_or_summary: "“Rays of light stream from a Buddha” and “Renunciation, the Great...
    garb of... power of”."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14778-14788
  quote_or_summary: The Sakka entry says he serves the Buddha, places the Buddha’s
    hair in a dāgaba in heaven, has a throne that feels hot, is born as the Bodisat,
    tempts a mortal, and gives presents.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: lines 14762-14768 and 14835-14836
  quote_or_summary: "“Saccakiriyā, solemn appeal made in truth”; “Sacrifices, folly
    of”; “Sap of life, curious legend concerning”."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: lines 14866-14877
  quote_or_summary: "“Shadow, men without, are demons”; “Shield of virtue”; “Signs,
    the thirty-two bodily, of a Great Being”."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14710-14917
  quote_or_summary: The index includes comparative or literary entries for Planudes
    as author of Æsop, Shakespeare, Sinbad the Sailor, Sirens in Buddhist stories,
    Slavonic tales, and Solomon’s Judgment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14953-14961
  quote_or_summary: The index records Sujātā’s legend of offering to the Buddha and
    Sumedha as the Bodisat in the time of Dīpaŋkara.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14735-14976
  quote_or_summary: The index includes Rājāyatana-tree, a cross-reference from Snakes
    to Nāga and Mucalinda, and Supaṇṇas identified as winged creatures.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:10
  type: quote
  locator: lines 14851-14852
  quote_or_summary: "“Seal-ring, as pledge”."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14923-14925 and 14982-14984
  quote_or_summary: The index includes an entry for how righteousness was the Bodisat’s
    spell and a spring entry on beauties of spring.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 14728-14733 and 14745-14746
  quote_or_summary: The index identifies Rāhu as a head without a body, Rāhula as
    Gotama’s son, and Siddhattha as a name of the Buddha.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 15021-15039
  quote_or_summary: The index lists Tāvatiŋsa heaven and states that Titans war against
    the gods.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: low
  comparison_claims: low
  notes: The source excerpt is an index rather than a narrative passage. Literal index
    entries are extractable with moderate confidence, but motif and comparison identification
    is limited because the passage provides headings and page references without story
    context.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No figures, scenes, or motifs beyond those directly indicated by the supplied index excerpt were added. Taxonomy references were used only where the indexed wording supported a cautious link.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg__l14690-l15040
  passage_sha256=e2aafadadb4c9db1696ab1985dfbc4437b5ae95ca7566e6882c2064475cfbe13